Banglapedia - User contributions [en]

File:ChoudhuryJamilurReza.jpg

2024-05-18T03:52:30Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

Shahjahanpur Upazila

2023-10-28T17:35:43Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Shahjahanpur Upazila''' ([[Bogra District|bogra district]]) area 221.69 sq km, located in between 24°41' and 24°50' north latitudes and in between 89°16' and 89°29' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Bogra Sadar Upazila|bogra sadar]] upazila on the north, [[Sherpur Upazila|sherpur]] upazila on the south, [[Gabtali Upazila|gabtali]] and [[Dhunat Upazila|dhunat]] upazilas on the east, [[Kahaloo Upazila|kahaloo]] and [[Nandigram Upazila|nandigram]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 289804; male 149458, female 140346; Muslim 278139, Hindu 11557, Buddhist 42, Christian 41 and others 25.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: Bhadai, Bangali.

''Administration'' Shahjahanpur upazila was formed on 21 January 2003.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 9 || 120 || 166 || 62140 || 227664 || 1307 || 73.6 || 53.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
| Area (sq km) || Ward || Mahalla || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 22.63 || 1+2 (Part) || 16 || 62140 || 2746 || 73.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Aria 17 || 5829 || 18710 || 18710 || 65.8
|-
| Amrool 16 || 6106 || 11633 || 11633 || 47.7
|-
| Asekpur 18 || 6301 || 14296 || 14296 || 57.5
|-
| Khotta Para 43 || 3752 || 11589 || 11259 || 48.7
|-
| Kharna 38 || 9033 || 14064 || 14108 || 47.9
|-
| Gohail 30 || 8428 || 13047 || 13047 || 43.7
|-
| Chopinagar 19 || 4048 || 11237 || 11237 || 51.1
|-
| Majhira 56 || 2264 || 10435 || 10017 || 62.1
|-
| Madla 51 || 3174 || 9360 || 9161 || 49.0
|-
| Sultanganj 90 || 5829 || 18710 || 18710 || 65.8
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ShahjahanpurUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Khadash Rajbari (Gohail), three doomed Gohail Jami Mosque built by Pandit Shah, Buddhist Math (Bergari), Jami Mosque (Ullah Akanda Para).

''War of Liberation'' On 23 April the Pak army entered the Bogra Town and in collaboration with the local Biharis, they conducted killing and tortured and burnt settlements. On 11 November the Pak army and razakars captured 21 persons from Thanthania Khandar area and later killed 14 of them by gun shot at a place called Babur Puklur, whre there is a mass grave.

For details: see শাজাহানপুর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৯।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 371, temple 45, math 1.Noted Religious institutions: Gohail Jami Mosque, Jami Mosque, Buddhist Math.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 57.7%, male 60.5%, female 54.7%. Educational institutions: BEd college 1, agricultural college 1, technical institution 3, college 5, secondary school 31, primary school 121, madrasa 62. Noted educational institutions: Cantonment Public School and College (1979), Cantonment Board High School and College (1986), Ranirhat Technical College (2000), Khotta Para Siddiqua Senior Fazil Madrasa (1905), Domonpur Amiya Fazil Madrasa (1908), Jora Nazmul Ulm Fazil Madrasa (1910), Behigram ADU Central Fazil Madrasa (1921).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 6, cinema hall 2.

''Special attractions'' 'Bijayangan' (War of Liberation Museum), Park on the triangular corner on the Dhaka Natore Road.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 55.48%, non-agricultural labourer 2.52%, industry 1.37%, commerce 13.01%, transport and communication 6.49%, service 10.98%, construction 2.50%, religious service 0.17%, rent and remittance 0.39% and others 7.09%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 57.35%, landless 42.65%.

''Main crops'' paddy, pulses, potato, corn, vegetables.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Dairy 62, poultry 65, artificial breeding centre 3.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 102.25 km, semi pucca road 3.78 km, mud road 791.97 km.

''Manufactories'' Metal works, furniture factory.

''Cottage industries'' Weaving, pottery, wood work, embroidery, bamboo and cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 9, fairs 3, most noted of which are Durlagari Hat, Sultanganj Hat, Ranir Hat, Nagar Hat, Domon Pukur Hat, Madla Bazar, Atia Bazar, Majhira Bazar, Majhira Mandir Mela (held on the Krishnapakkha of 30th day of Falgun, BS), Jamanna Mela at village Aria, Demajani Mela in Amrool union.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification network. However 66.9% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 90.6%, tap 7.9% and others 1.5%. The presence of arsenic has been detected in the shallow tube well water of the upazila.

''Sanitation'' 71.8% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 22.6% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 5.6% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health centre 1, union satellite clinic 2, maternity and child welfare centre 10, community clinic 30.

''Natural disasters'' Many people were victims of the floods of 1955, 1969, 1970, 1984 and the cyclone of 1864. These natural disasters also caused heavy damages to settlements, crops and livestock of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are Palli Unnayan Prakalpa, Grameen Unnayan Prakalpa. [AKM Jasimuddin]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Shahjahanpur Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:শাজাহানপুর উপজেলা]]

Sunamganj District

2023-10-28T13:46:53Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Sunamganj District''' ([[Sylhet Division|sylhet division]]) area 3526.12 sq km, located in between 24°34' and 25°12' north latitudes and in between 90°56' and 91°49' east longitudes. It is bounded by Meghalaya state of India on the north, [[Habiganj District|habiganj]] and [[Kishoreganj District|kishoreganj]] districts on the south, [[Sylhet District|sylhet]] district on the east, [[Netrokona District|netrokona]] district on the west.

''Population'' Total 2375223; male 1189487, female 1185736; Muslim 2075863, Hindu 296380, Buddhist 71, Christian 1837 and others 1072.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Surma River|surma]], [[Kushiyara River|kushiyara]], Dhamalia, Jadukata.

''Administration'' Sunamganj Sub-division was upgraded to a district in 1984. Municipality was formed in 1960. Of the eleven upazilas of the district [[Dharmapasha Upazila|dharmpasha]] is the largest (496.03 sq km) and [[Bishwambarpur Upazila|bishwambarpur]] is the smallest (194.25 sq km).

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="10" | District
|-
| rowspan="2" | Area (sq km) || rowspan="2" | Upazila || rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural
|-
| 3526.12 || 11 || 4 || 83 || 1502 || 2738 || 252172 || 2123051 || 674 || 35.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Others Information of District
|-
| Name of Upazila || Area (sq km) || Municipality || Union || Mouza || Village || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Chhatak || 440.48 || 1 || 13 || 296 || 539 || 397642 || 903 || 38.6
|-
| Jagannathpur || 368.11 || 1 || 8 || 234 || 310 || 259490 || 705 || 39.9
|-
| Jamalganj || 309.38 || - || 5 || 102 || 192 || 167260 || 541 || 32.5
|-
| Tahirpur || 315.33 || - || 7 || 128 || 243 || 215200 || 682 || 30.4
|-
| Dakshin Sunamganj || 303.17 || - || 8 || 107 || 171 || 183881 || 607 || 32.3
|-
| Derai || 420.93 || 1 || 9 || 137 || 232 || 243690 || 579 || 37.1
|-
| Dowarabazar || 263.35 || - || 9 || 168 || 308 || 228460 || 868 || 30.4
|-
| Dharampasha || 310 || - || 6 || 84 || 175 || 130457 || 421 || 28.5
|-
| Bishwambarpur || 248.63 || - || 5 || 61 || 184 || 156381 || 629 || 34.6
|-
| Sulla || 256.03 || - || 4 || 65 || 116 || 113743 || 444 || 34.3
|-
| Sunamganj Sadar || 290.71 || 1 || 9 || 120 || 268 || 279019 || 960 || 38.8
|}

'' Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:SunamganjDistrict.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''War of Liberation'' Freedom fighters had an encounter with the Pak army in Chhatak upazila on 28 April 1971 and 13 freedom fighters were killed and 11 were wounded in the encounter. On 29 July one freedom fighter was killed in an encounter with the Pak army at Sachna Bazar of Jamalganj upazila. On 12 August the Pak army killed 8 civilians at village Telia. On 25 August an encounter was held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army in Derai upazila in which three freedom fighters were killed and two were wounded. During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] the local Razakars arranged a so-called peace meeting at Sreerampur High School compound and local teachers, officials, Union Parishad members, members of the elite and a cross section of people gathered at the places on the 31 August 1971. With the help of the razakars the Pak army brutally killed 126 persons by firing on the meeting and the entire village was set on fire. On 8 September the Pak Army sacked about 150 shops at Raniganj Bazar and killed 30 innocent people of this upazila. During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]], the Pak army conducted mass killing, violation of women and burning in different places including at Sunamganj Town, Krishnanagar and Ahsanmara Ferry Ghat. The Pak army killed three freedom fighters during the peoples’ resistance movement at Sunamganj Circuit House and Ahsanmara areas. 48 freedom fighters were killed in an encounter with the Pak army at Krishnagar of Mongal Kot; they were buried at Dalura. Sunamganj district was liberated on 7 December. There are mass graves at 4 places of the district and 3 mass killing sites; 3 memorial plates and 5 memorial monuments have been built.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 35.0%; male 36.9%, female 33.1%. Educational institutions: primary teachers training college 1, college 30, secondary school 168, primary school 1050, kindergarten 20, community school 72, madrasa 165. Noted educational institutions: Sunamganj Government College (1944), Sunamganj Government Mohila College (1984), Zainal Abedin College (1992), Sulla College (1986), Jamalganj Degree College (1985), Barakhal Multilateral School and College (1970), Badshahganj Degree College (1994), Maddhya Nagar BP High School and Colllege (1952), Derai Degree College (1979), Chhatak Degree College (1972), Chhatak Technical School and College (1981), Digendra Barman College (1992), Jagannathpur College (1992), Government Jubilee High School (1887), Tahirpur Government High School (1950), Satish Chandra Government Girls' High School (1940), Jamalganj High School (1948), Jagannathpur Swarup Chandra Government High School (1926), Pilotgaon BN High School (1919), Derai Boys' High School (1915), Rajanagar Krishnachandra Public Secondary High School (1903), Chandranth Girls' High School (1857), Satgaon High School (1923), Saidpur Sayedia Shamchhia Senior Madrasa (1903), Bahara Primary School (1831), Anandapur Government Primary School (1925), Derai Government Model Primary School (1805), Shahapur Government Primary School (1905), Bishwambarpur Government Model Primary School (1928).

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 66.99%, non-agricultural labourer 6.52%, industry 0.45%, commerce 9.12%, transport and communication 0.96%, service 3.81%, construction 0.64%, religious service 0.34%, rent and remittance 2.20% and others 8.97%.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Haor Barta, Desh Prantho; weekly: Shajan (1991), Sunam Kantha (2000), Sunam Express (2006), Sunamganj Report (2005), Sunam (1984), Din Jai (1992), Sunamganjer Kagoj (1991), Sunamganjer Janapath (2006), Sunamganj Samgbad (1991), Sunamganj Barta (1985), Aunal (1991), Grambanglar Katha (2007); fortnightly: Surma (2001), Daraien (2000), Bhati Katha (2001), Bijay (2002), Gang (2003), Nakshathra (2004), Kalni (2001), Haorer Dheow, Suchayan, Prattayan, Mangala (1906), Kaler Kartal (1977), Jamalganj Samachar (1985), Bhalobasi Swadesh (1987), Nabajatak (1987), Probhat (1990), Aparjita Tarunna (1991), Uttar Projanmma (1992), Dishari (1993), Pratidhi (1993), Unmachan (1994), Shahose Jage Utho (1997), Sreetir Olinde (1998), Purbasha (1998), Raktojhara Falgune (1998), Praona (1999), Abhiprai (2001), Nibedan (2006); monthly: Jagannath Times, Jankar (1929), Pradip (1929); quaterly: Sfulinga; periodicals: Dishari (1993), Khudrapat Rudrapran (1998), Sreetir Olinde (1998), Arunaday (1998, 2000).

''Folk culture'' Other folk culture include Haljatra, Gormar dance, Dhamail and Suryabrata songs. Besides, different folk traditions of the district include Bijbas Brata, Banalaksmi Brata, Khirabas Brata, Firal etc. [Ashfaq Hossain]

''See also'' The upazilas under this district.

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Sunamganj District 2007; Cultural survey report of upazilas of Sunamganj District 2007.

[[Category:Districts of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:সুনামগঞ্জ জেলা]]

Rangamati District

2023-10-28T13:38:09Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Rangamati District''' ([[Chittagong Division|chittagong division]]) area 6116.11 sq km, located in between 22°27' and 23°44' north latitudes and in between 91°56' and 92°33' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the north, [[Bandarban District|bandarban]] district on the south, Mizoram state of India and Chinpradesh of Mayanmar on the east, [[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari]] and [[Chittagong District|chittagong]] districts on the west.

''Population'' Total 595979; male 313076, female 282903; Muslim 209465, Hindu 30244, Buddhist 347038, Christian 8663 and others 569. Indigenous communities such as [[Santals, The|santal]], [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Marma, The|marma]], [[Manipuri, The|manipuri]], [[Tanchangya, The|tanchangya]], [[Tripuris, The|tripura]], Bome, Chak, Khumi, Kheyang, [[Lushei, The|lushei]], Mro, Murang, [[Pankho, The|pankho]] belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Karnafuli River|karnafuli]], Kassalong, Chengi, Myani; Kaptai lake is notable.

''Administration'' Rangamati sub-division was turned into a district in 1983. Of the ten upazilas of the districts [[Baghaichhari Upazila|baghaichhari]] is the largest (1931.28 sq km) and [[Rajasthali Upazila|rajasthali]] is the smallest (145.04 sq km).

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="10" | District
|-
| rowspan="2" | Area (sq km) || rowspan="2" | Upazila || rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural
|-
| 6116.11 || 10 || 2 || 49 || 162 || 1555 || 159627 || 436352 || 97 || 49.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Others Information of District
|-
| Name of Upazila || Area (sq km) || Municipality || Union || Mouza || Village || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Kawkhali || 339.28 || - || 4 || 10 || 180 || 59578 || 176 || 44.2
|-
| Kaptai || 258.99 || || 5 || 10 || 148 || 59693 || 230 || 60.0
|-
| Juraichhari || 606.05 || - || 4 || 11 || 105 || 27786 || 46 || 46.8
|-
| Naniarchar || 393.67 || || 4 || 20 || 158 || 43616 || 111 || 47.7
|-
| Barkal || 760.89 || - || 5 || 28 || 180 || 47523 || 62 || 44.5
|-
| Baghaichhari || 1931.25 || 1 || 8 || 19 || 303 || 96899 || 50 || 41.9
|-
| Belaichhari || 745.91 || - || 3 || 9 || 59 || 28525 || 38 || 32.8
|-
| Rangamati Sadar || 546.48 || 1 || 6 || 21 || 178 || 124728 || 228 || 64.5
|-
| Rajasthali || 145.03 || - || 3 || 9 || 106 || 26083 || 180 || 44.2
|-
| Langadu || 388.49 || - || 7 || 25 || 138 || 81548 || 210 || 44.2
|}

''Source ''Bangladesh Population Census 2011,Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:RangamatiDistrict.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Palace, dighi and mosque of Raja Jan Baksh Khan, remnants of the residence of Raja Harish Chandra Roy (1873), residence of the Deputy Commissioner (1868).

''War of Liberation'' Ranagamati district was under Sector 1 during the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]]. On 27 March 1971 a temporary training camp was established in the play ground of the Station Club to locally train freedom fighters. On 2 April the then Deputy Commissioner Hossain Towfiq Imam distributed a huge amount of money and arms and ammunitions (belonging to Police, EPR and Ansar) from the treasury to the freedom fighters. On 20 April Lance Naik [[Rauf, Birsrestha Munshi Abdur|munshi abdur rauf]] of 8 East Bengal Regiment alone destroyed 2 gun boats and one speed boat of the Pak army and drowned to death about one platoon Pakistani soldiers. In recognition to his heroic role he was awarded with the title Bir Srestha. There were Pak army bases at Barkal, Farua and Shukur Chhari in 1971. About more than one hundred freedom fighters were killed in encounters with the Pak army in Farua area. Rangamati district was liberated on 14 December.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 49.7%; male 56.4%, female 42.3%. Educational institutions: primary teacher's training institute, polytechnic institute 1, technical training institute 1, college 13, pali college 3, secondary school 177, primary school 512, kindergarten 13, community school 10, madrasa 11. Noted educational institutions: Kachal Degree College, Rangamati Government College, Rangamati Government Mohila College, Kawkhali College, Bangalhalia College, Naniarchar College, Rajasthali College, Barkal High School, Narangiri Government High School, Ghagra High School, Mainimukh Model High School, Langadu Girls' High School, Naniarchar Islampur Dakhil Madrasa, Siddiqui Akbar Dakhil Madrasa, Betbunia Moinul Ulam Rezvia Dakhil Madrasa.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 59.08%, non-agricultural labourer 6.06%, industry 0.46%, commerce 10.70%, transport and communication 1.06%, service 13.48%, construction 0.83%, religious service 0.19%, rent and remittance 0.73% and others 7.41%.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Giri Darpan, Rangamati, Parbatta Barta; weekly: Banabhumi, Parbatta Barta; monthly: School Barta.

''Folk culture'' Biju Sangrai Baisabi festival, Hal Palani festival, Pala Gan, Pahari Lokageeti, Geeti Nritya Natak (dance drama),Garaiya dance, Jhum dance, Bamboo dance, Bottle dance are the prevalent folk culture of the district.

''Tourist spots'' Rangamati Lake, Chakma Rajbari, Buddhist Vihara at Rajban, Hanging Bridge, Shuvolong Water Fall, Furaman Hill, Tribal Cultural Institute and Museum, Memorial Sculpture of the War of Liberation, Satellite Ground Station at Betbunia, Police Special Training School, Kaptai Hydro-electric Power Centre, Karnafuli Paper Mill. [Atikur Rahman]

''See also'' The upazilas under this district.

''''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Rangamati District 2007; Cultural survey report of upazilas of Rangamati District 2007.

[[Category:Districts of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:রাঙ্গামাটি জেলা]]

Rajbari District

2023-10-28T13:35:42Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Rajbari District''' ([[Dhaka Division|dhaka division]]) area 1092.28 sq km, located in between 22°40' and 23°50' north latitudes and in between 89°19' and 90°40' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Pabna District|pabna]] district on the north, [[Faridpur District|faridpur]] and [[Magura District|magura]] districts on the south, [[Manikganj District|manikganj]] district on the east, [[Kushtia District|kushtia]] and [[Jhenaidah District|jhenaidah]] districts on the west. Most of the areas of the district are composed of the alluvial soil of the [[Padma River|padma]].

''Population'' Total 1049778; male 519999, female 529779; Muslim 942527, Hindu 106974, Christian 189, Buddhist 4 and others 84.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: Padma, Gorai, [[Chandana|chandana]], [[Chitra River|chitra]].

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="10" | District
|-
| rowspan="2" | Area (sq km) || rowspan="2" | Upazila || rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural
|-
| 1092.28 || 5 || 3 || 42 || 811 || 967 || 136042 || 913736 || 961 || 52.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Others Information of District
|-
| Name of Upazila || Area (sq km) || Municipality || Union || Mouza || Village || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Goalanda || 168.81 || - || 7 || 157 || 156 || 155044 || 918 || 51.2
|-
| Pangsha || 121.82 || 1 || 4 || 111 || 152 || 112732 || 925 || 40.3
|-
| Baliakandi || 250.31 || 1 || 10 || 181 || 192 || 243285 || 972 || 48.3
|-
| Rajbari Sadar || 228.99 || - || 7 || 150 || 258 || 207086 || 904 || 55.5
|}

''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

[[Image:RajbariDistrict.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Administration'' Rajbari' district was formed in 1984. Once Rajbari region was a part of [[Jessore District|jessore]] district. In 1811 when Faridpur District was formed Rajbari was included in it. Besides, the upazilas under Rajbari district were included in different districts in the past. Pangsha Thana was once included into Pabna district. In 1859 Pangsha and Baliakandi were included in the newly formed Kumarkhali Sub Division. In 1871, when Goalanda Sub Division was formed, Pangsha and Rajbari were included in it and its headquarters was established in Rajbari. Goalanda was upgraded into a district in March 1984 and it was renamed as Rajbari District. Of the four upazilas of the district pangsha is the largest (414.24 sq km) and [[Goalanda Upazila|goalanda]] is the smallest (149.03 sq km). Of the 17 districts of Dhaka Division Rajbari occupies the 15th position and it occupies the 56th position out of the 64 districts of Bangladesh.

''War of Liberation'' Sangram Parishad (Council for Resistance) was formed in Rajbari district on 26 March 1971. Two encounters were held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army on 21 and 22 April; two freedom fighters were martyred in the 1st encounter and 4 were martyred in the 2nd. The Pak army killed 10 persons at villages Majhpara, Ramkol and Mathurapur; they also set many houses of these villages on fire. In November an encounter was held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army in which the freedom fighters captured significant amount of arms and ammunitions. Another encounter was held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army in November at village Alhadipur in which 9 Pakistani soldiers were killed. There are mass graves in Goalanda, Khankhanapur, char lands of Habashpur of Pangsha upazila and in Baliakandi.)

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 52.3%; male 54.0%, female 50.6%. Educational institutions: vocational training centre 4, college 21, homeopath college 1, secondary school 99, primary school 408, satellite school 13, community school 9, mass education 85, madrasa 42. Noted educational institutions: Rajbari Government College (1961), Rajbari Government High School (1892), Pangsha College (1969), Baliakandi High School (1917).

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 60.84%, non-agricultural labourer 3.19%, industry 1.59%, commerce 14.36%, transport and communication 4.41%, service 6.67%, construction 2.03%, religious service 0.16%, rent and remittance 0.6% and others 6.15%.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Weekly: Anushandhan (1984), Sahaj Katha, Rajbari Kantha; daily: Matrikantha (Rajbari), Gatakal (Rajbari), Pangsha Barta, Path Barta (Pangsha); defunct: Kohinoor (1898), Khatak (1893), Kangal (1905), Shapla-Shaluk.

''Folk culture'' The most notable folk culture of the district include rhymes, riddles, proverbs, Murshidi song, Marfati song, Kavigan, Jarigan, Sarigan, Bichargan, etc.

''Tourist spots'' Tomb of [[Hossain, Mir Mosharraf|mir mosharraf hossain]] (Baliakandi), Baharpur Amusement Centre (Rajbari), Goalanda Ferryghat. [Md. Shariful Islam]

''See also'' The upazilas under this district.

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Rajbari District 2007; Cultural survey report of upazilas of Rajbari District 2007.

[[Category:Districts of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:রাজবাড়ী জেলা]]

Khagrachhari District

2023-10-28T13:12:55Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Khagrachhari District''' ([[Chittagong Division|chittagong division]]) area 2505.73 sq km, located in between 22°38' and 23°44' north latitudes and in between 91°44' and 92°11' east longitudes. It is bounded by the [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the north, [[Rangamati District|rangamati]] and [[Chittagong District|chittagong]] districts on the south, Rangamati district on the east, Chittagong district and Tripura state of India on the west. Notable hill ranges are Golamoon, Chotto Panchari, Karmi Mura, Lutiban, Kuradia, Bhanga Mura, Jopisil.

''Population'' Total 569715; male 291390, female 278325; Muslim 261477, Hindu 93343, Buddhist 209932, Christian 3961 and others 1002. Indigenous communities such as [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Marma, The|marma]], [[Tripuris, The|tripura]] and Tanchanga belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: Maini, Chengi.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="10" | District
|-
| rowspan="2" | Area (sq km) || rowspan="2" | Upazila || rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural
|-
| 2505.73 || 8 || 3 || 35 || 108 || 1545 || 215808 || 353907 || 227 || 46.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Others Information of District
|-
|
Name of Upazila
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Municipality
|
Union
|
Mouza
|
Village
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Khagrachhari Sadar || 297.91 || 1 || 5 || 13 || 246 || 111833 || 375 || 57.1
|-
| Dighinala || 694.11 || - || 5 || 22 || 245 || 103392 || 149 || 46.2
|-
| Panchhari || 334.10 || - || 5 || 7 || 220 || 62198 || 186 || 42.3
|-
| Mahalchhari || 186.48 || - || 4 || 9 || 154 || 42427 || 228 || 41.8
|-
| Matiranga || 404.76 || 1 || 7 || 23 || 296 || 111538 || 276 || 42.4
|-
| Manikchhari || 168.34 || - || 4 || 12 || 160 || 61589 || 366 || 40.7
|-
| Ramgarh || 199.89 || 1 || 2 || 6 || 90 || 50744 || 254 || 41.3
|-
| Lakshmichhari || 220.14 || - || 3 || 16 || 134 || 25994 || 118 || 35.2
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011'', ''Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

''Administration'' The district of Chittagong Hill Tracts was established in 1860 under the 'Raid of Frontier Tribes Act 22 of 1860'. Following the district of Chittagong Hill Tract Regulation Act the Chittagong Hill Tract was divided into three sub-divisions (included Khagrachhari) in 1900. Khagrachhari sub-division was turned into district in 1983. The Khagrachhari Local Government Legislative Council was formed in 1989 (in accordance with the Khagrachhari Hill Districts Council, Act 20), which, on the basis of the historic 'Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord', was turned into Khagrachhari Hill District Council on 2 December, 1997. '

[[Image:KhagrachhariDistrict.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''War of Liberation'' An encounter was held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army in August 1971 in Ramgarh Upazila in which 17 Pak soldiers were killed. There is one mass grave in the upazila and one memorial plate and 2 memorial monumentsare erected.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 46.1%; male 51.9%, female 40.1%. Noted educational institutions: Khagrachhari Government College (1974), Matiranga Degree College (1992), Ramgarh Government Degree College (1980), Panchhari College (1990), Dighinala Government College, Panchhari High School and College (1981), Khagrachhari Government High School (1957),''' '''Tabalchhari TK High School (1952), Ramgarh Government High School (1952),' Rani Nihar Devi Government High School (1976), Dighinala Government High School, Khagrachhari North Khobongpodia Government Primary School (1905).

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 59.92%, non-agricultural labourer 9.33%, industry 0.44%, commerce 10.67%, transport and communication 1.11%, service 7.94%, construction 0.92%, religious service 0.24%, rent and remittance 0.37% and others 9.06%.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Aranno Barta; weekly: Parboti, Chabuk, Parbotta Bani, Binnas.

''Folkculture'' Biju festival of the Chakma, Sangri festival of the Marma and the Baisabi festival of the Tripura are most notable.

''Tourists spots'' Ramgarh Lake and Suspicious Bridge, Rifles Memorial Monument (Ramgarh),' Alu Tila (Khagrachhari Sadar and Matiranga). [Barendro Lal Tripura]

''See also'' The upazilas under this district.

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Khagrachhari District 2007; Cultural survey report of Upazilas of Khagrachhari District 2007.

[[Category:Districts of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:খাগড়াছড়ি জেলা]]

Jamalpur District

2023-10-28T12:56:50Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Jamalpur District''' ([[Dhaka Division|dhaka division]]) area 2115.16 sq km, located in between 24°34' and 25°26' north latitudes and in between 89°40' and 90°12' east longitudes. It is bounded by Meghalaya state of India, [[Kurigram District|kurigram]] and [[Sherpur District|sherpur]] districts on the north, [[Tangail District|tangail]] district on the south, [[Mymensingh District|mymensingh]] and Sherpur districts on the east, [[Jamuna River|jamuna]] river, [[Bogra District|bogra]], [[Sirajganj District|sirajganj]] and [[Gaibandha District|gaibandha]] districts on the west. Of the 17 districts of Dhaka Division Jamalpur district occupies the 6th position and it occupies the 33rd position among the 64 districts of Bangladesh.

''Population'' Total 2292674; male 1128724, female 1163950; Muslim 2252181, Hindu 38832, Buddhist 15, Christian 985 and others 661. Indigenous communities such as [[Garo, The|garo]], Bangshi, [[Hajongs|hajong]], Hodi, Kurmi and Mal belong to this district.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Jamuna River|jamuna]], [[Old Brahmaputra River|old brahmaputra]], [[Banar River|banar]], Jhinai; Kharka Beel, Kaiyer Beel, Chiradhuni Beel, Chilmari Beel, Kaludaga Lake, Ranipukur Dighi and Harishchander Dighi are notable.

''Administration'' Jamalpur district was established in 1978. Of the seven upazilas of the district [[Jamalpur Sadar Upazila|jamalpur sadar]] is the largest (489.56 sq km, it occupies 24.09% of the total area of the district) and [[Bakshiganj Upazila|bakshiganj]] is the smallest (204.30 sq km).
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="10" | District
|-
| rowspan="2" | Area (sq km) || rowspan="2" | Upazila || rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural
|-
| 2115.16 || 7 || 6 || 68 || 745 || 1361 || 387869 || 1904805 || 1084 || 38.4
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Others Information of District
|-
|
Name of Upazila
|
Area 
(sq km)

|
Municipality

|
Union

|
Mouza

|
Village

|
Population

|
Density 
(per sq km)

|
Literacy rate 
(%)

|-
| Islampur || 353.31 || 1 || 12 || 72 || 130 || 298429 || 845 || 30.1
|-
| Jamalpur Sadar || 508.80 || 1 || 15 || 253 || 365 || 615072 || 1209 || 47.0
|-
| Dewanganj || 267.51 || 1 || 8 || 42 || 166 || 258133 || 965 || 32.5
|-
| Bakshiganj || 238.29 || - || 7 || 25 || 199 || 218930 || 919 || 33.1
|-
| Madarganj || 225.39 || 1 || 7 || 104 || 119 || 263608 || 1170 || 33.0
|-
| Melandaha || 258.32 || 1 || 11 || 132 || 199 || 313182 || 1212 || 35.7
|-
| Sarishabari || 263.50 || 1 || 8 || 117 || 183 || 325320 || 1235 || 44.6
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
[[Image:JamalpurDistrict.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''Historical events'' Most notable historical events of district include [[Fakir-Sannyasi Resistance|fakir-sannyasi resistance]] (1772-1790), [[Indigo Resistance Movement|indigo resistance movement]] (1829), famine (1874), and construction of the railway lines (1899).

''War of Liberation'' The Pak army, in collaboration with the local razakars, conducted heavy genocides in Jamalpur. On 21 June 1971, the Pak army killed 9 persons at the Shashan Ghat (cremation centre) on the bank of the Brahmaputra river of Jamalpur Sadar upazila. A battle was fought between the freedom fighters and the Pak army on 31 July at Kamalpur Pak Army Base of Bakshiganj upazila causing heavy loss to the occupation army. 35 freedom fighters, including Captain Salahuddin Momtaz, Ahaduzzaman, Abul Kalam Azad were killed in this battle. Another battle was fought between the freedom fighters led by Sector Commander Col. [[Taher, Colonel Abu|abu taher]] and the Pak army on 13 November at Kamalpur of Bakshiganj upazila. In this battle Col Taher was seriously wounded. The well protected Pak military base at Kamalpur eventually fell in the face of heavy attack by the freedom fighters after 21 days on 4 December. In this battle 220 Pak soldiers under Captain Ahsan Malik surrendered to the freedom fighters. Mass graves at 33 places and a mass killing site at one place have been discovered in the district; a memorial monument has been built.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 38.4%; male 41.1%, female 35.9%. Educational institutions: university 5, college 39, technical college 9, homeopathy college 1, secondary school 185, technical school 7, primary school 820, satellite school 16, community school 19, madrasa 308. Noted educational institutions: Government Asheq Mahmud College (1946), Government Jaheda Safir Mahila College (1967), Madarganj AHZ Government College (1968), Islampur College (1970), Jamalpur Zilla School (1881), Jamalpur Government Girls' High School (1882), Pingna High School (1896), Singhajani Girls' High School (1901), Jharkata Multilateral High School (1907), Singhajani Multilateral High School (1918), Dewanganj Government High School (1919), Sarishabari Rani Nidmani Model High School (1920), Hazrabari High School (1926), Nandina Maharani Hemanta Kumari Pilot High School (1935), Balridia Primary School (1869), Pogoldia Primary School (1890), Pingna Madrasa.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 65.50%, non-agricultural labourer 3.30%, industry 0.81%, commerce 11.88%, transport and communication 2.94%, service 5.76%,' construction 1.22%, religious service 0.19%, rent and remittance 0.30%' and others 8.10%.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Janabangla, Pallir Alo; weekly: Sachetan Kantha, Purba Katha, Jamalpur Sambad, Janak, Jamalpur Satdin, Jagat, Nabatan, Jhenai, Urmee Bangla, Jamalpur Barta, Kalakal, Mukta Alo, Gangchil; literary periodicals: Patai Patai, Lok, Riddhi, chhande Jhinai, Mayukh (irregular); defunct: monthly Pallimangal (1922), Hanifi (1903), Jamalpur Barta, Pallibani, Silpa-Sahityapatra.

''Folkculture'' Various kinds of folk songs are prevalent in the district. These include Gunaibibir Gan, Jari Gan of Khairun, Palagan of Rupvan, Panchali, Ghetu Gan and Meyeli geet (songs sung by women on the occasion of marriage and Gaye Holud festivals). In the rural areas, various folk games and sports are performed on competitive basis. These include bull fight, horse race, Moi (ladder) race, Lathi Khela (stick game); besides, during the rainy season boat races are arranged in the Jamuna river. The Garo community of the district perform dances on the 'Bigan Gala' festival.

''Tourist spots'' Revenue office and Dighi of the Zamindar at Fulkocha and Mahiramkul (Melandaha Upazila), Neelkuthi at village Tartapara (nearly reined, in Madarganj Upazila), Narapara Fort (Sharishabari Upazila), Radhanath Jeu Mandir, Sholakuri Hill at Nandina, Ranipukur Dighi at Sreepur, Harish Chandra Dighi at Chandra (Jamalpur Sadar Upazila), Kuthibari of Pradyut Thakur (Islampur Upazila), [[Garo Hill|garo hill]]s (Bakshiganj Upazila). [Samar Pal]

''See also'' The upazilas under this district.

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Jamalpur District 2007; Cultural survey report of upazilas of Jamalpur District 2007.

[[Category:Districts of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:জামালপুর জেলা]]

Comilla District

2023-10-28T12:47:08Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Comilla District''' ([[Chittagong Division|chittagong division]]) area 3034.74 sq km, located in between 23°02' and 24°47' north latitudes and in between 92°39' and 91°22' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Brahmanbaria District|brahmanbaria]] and [[Narayanganj|narayanganj]] districts on the north, [[Noakhali District|noakhali]] and [[Feni District|feni]] districts on the south, [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the east, [[Munshiganj District|munshiganj]] and [[Chandpur District|chandpur]] districts on the west.

''Population'' Total 5177106; male 2476574, female 2700532; Muslim 4923572, Hindu 250843, Buddhist 1938, Christian 432 and others 321.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Meghna River|meghna]], [[Gumti River|gumti]], [[Dakatia River|dakatia]], [[Little Feni River|little feni]], Buri; Karjon Canal is notable.

''Administration'' The Comilla region was once under ancient Samatata and was later a part of the Tripura State. This district came under the control of the kings of the Harikela in the ninth century AD. Lalmai Mainamati was ruled by Deva dynasty (eighth century AD) and Chandra dynasty (during tenth and mid eleventh century AD). It came under the rule of East India Company in 1765. This district was established as Tippera district in 1790. The district was renamed Comilla in 1960. Chandpur and Brahmanbaria sub-divisions of this district were transformed into districts in 1984.

{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="10" | District
|-
| rowspan="2" | Area (sq km) || rowspan="2" | Upazila || rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural
|-
| 3034.74 || 16 || 10 || 174 || 2304 || 3339 || 840326 || 4336780 || 1706 || 53.3
|}
{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="9" | Others Information of District
|-
| Name of upazila || Area (sq km) || Municipality || Union || Mouza || Village || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Comilla Adarsha Sadar || 142.72 || 1 || 6 || 146 || 193 || 5,32,419 || 3730 || 65.7
|-
| Chandina || 201.01 || 1 || 13 || 121 || 223 || 350273 || 1742 || 51.0
|-
| Chauddagram || 270.49 || 1 || 13 || 366 || 403 || 443648 || 1640 || 56.9
|-
| Titas || 109.30 || - || 9 || 63 || 138 || 184617 || 1689 || 43.0
|-
| Daudkandi || 314.99 || 1 || 15 || 169 || 267 || 349910 || 1111 || 50.7
|-
| Debidwar || 238.65 || 1 || 15 || 129 || 192 || 431352 || 1807 || 52.8
|-
| Barura || 241.69 || 1 || 14 || 213 || 314 || 405118 || 1676 || 52.1
|-
| Burichang || 163.76 || - || 8 || 149 || 172 || 301825 || 1843 || 57.0
|-
| Brahmanpara || 128.48 || - || 8 || 53 || 65 || 204691 || 1593 || 54.7
|-
| Manoharganj || 159.33 || - || 11 || 146 || 181 || 244943 || 1537 || 55.9
|-
| Muradnagar || 340.73 || - || 22 || 154 || 305 || 523556 || 1537 || 48.8
|-
| Meghna || 99.57 || - || 7 || 39 || 102 || 112453 || 1129 || 44.6
|-
| Laksam || 124.79 || 1 || 6 || 104 || 139 || 253650 || 2033 || 51.5
|-
| Nangalkot || 225.95 || 1 || 12 || 193 || 270 || 373987 || 1655 || 51.2
|-
| Comilla Sadar Dakshin || 136.61 || 1 || 6 || 166 || 207 || 258278 || 1891 || 55.1
|-
| Homna || 142.78 || 1 || 9 || 73 || 154 || 206386 || 1445 || 39.7
|}

''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ComillaDistrict.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''War of Liberation'' The general people of the upazila killed three members of the Pak EPR (East Pakistan Rifle) by beating on 27 March in the Shashidal EPR Camp. 18 Pak soldiers were killed in an encounter with the freedom fighters at a place near the Chhakarmar Bridge of the upazila towards the end of June 1971. 15 Pak soldiers including one Pak Captain were killed in an encounter with the freedom fighters of 4th Bengal Regiment at Holaimuri on the bank of the river Ghungur on the border of Kasba and Brahmanpara upazilas. The Pak army later established camps at nearby villages Chandla and Saitshala and killed more than one hundred persons and buried them in mass graves. There was an encounter between the Pak army and the local Bangali civilians on 31 March 1971 on the Comilla-Sylhet highway in Debidwar upazila in which 33 Bangali civilians were killed. About 200 innocent villagers were killed by the Pak army, by bomb explosion, at Ajgara Bazar of Laksam upazila on 6 April 1971. On 23 May the Pak army, in collaboration with the local rajakars, killed 11 innocent persons at village Raipur of Daudkandi upazila; they also set many houses, belonging to the freedom fighters and the Awami League leaders and supporters, of nearby Jinglatali and Harpur villages on fire. Besides, encounters were held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army at Goalmari Bazar of Daudkandi upazila in which about 200 Pak soldiers and local rajakars were killed and so were two freedom fighters. In the month of July an encounter was held between the Pak army and the freedom fighters at village Madaripur of Comilla Sadar Dakshin in which a number of people from both sides were killed or wounded. Besides, the Pak army brutally killed 5-7 innocent persons of Comilla Sadar Dakshin upazila. At the end of July the freedom fighters attacked the Pak army from both the banks while the Pak army was trying to enter the village Joypur of Homna upazila through the river Titas by launch. The launch carrying the Pak army was seriously damaged and many Pak soldiers were killed or wounded; they were also forced to retreat towards Machhimpur. Besides Joypur, encounters between the freedom fighters and the Pak army were held at Champak Nagar, Ghagutia, Nilkhi Bazar, Dulal Bazar, Homna Sadar and Panchatabati of Homna upazila in which about 23 freedom fighters were killed and 24 were wounded. Besides, the Pak army buried alive many innocent people at a place adjacent to the present Homna College. On 2nd September the Pak army attacked the camp of the freedom fighters and brutally killed 6 innocent persons. Five freedom fighters were killed in an encounter with the Pak army at Payalgacha Bat-tali of Barura upazila on 10 September. On 13 September an encounter was held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army at a place called Chaumuhani on the north of Hasnabad Bazar of Manoharganj upazila in which about 70 Pak soldiers were killed and so was one freedom fighter. During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] a number of encounters were held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army and rajakars in different places of Muradnagar upazila in which a number of freedom fighters were killed. One freedom fighter was killed in an encounter with the Pak army when they attacked the Burichang Police Station. Besides, 20 freedom fighters were killed in more than one clash with the Pak army in Burichang upazila. On 28 November the freedom fighters captured the Pak military camp located at Jagannath Dighi of Chauddagram upazila. Besides, in different encounters with the Pak army about 25 freedom fighters were killed. The Pak army conducted genocide at Char Kamta on 7 August, Jakerganj area on 29 September and at Thana Sadar on 14 November of Debidwar upazila and killed about one thousand innocent people. The Pak army killed 11 persons and buried them in a mass grave at Tejer Bazar of Nangalkot upazila. Besides, the rajakars of Nangalkot upazila killed one freedom fighter and buried him near the Hasanpur Railway station. On 11 December a frontal battle was fought between the freedom fighters and the Pak army in Chandina upazila in which about 1400 Pak soldiers surrendered to the freedom fighters. In another direct encounter between the freedom fighters and the Pak army at Kat-tala of this upazila 7 Pak soldiers were killed and so were three freedom fighters. Besides, 6 freedom fighters were killed in a battle with the Pak army at a place called Faoui. Mass killing sites had been discovered at 5 places (Bhuiya Bari of Uttar Chandla and house of Prabad Kumar Das of Dakshin Chandla, Puira Bridge on the east of Chandina High School, on the north west corner of Chandina Hospital, Sahapara Bridge on the south of Daudkandi Police station) of the district and there are mass graves at 12 places (Harimangal Pukur Par adjacent to the Brahmanpara Railway line, Kashimpur Shashan (cremation centre) of Chandina, Mahichail Baroipara and Kongai Barabari, at a place near the Homna Degree College, Narayanpur near Bat-tali of Barura), Debidwar Thana Sadar, Paschimgaon, Laksam Bidi Factory and Laksam Railway Junction, Parikot of Nangalkot and Tejer Bazar, Hasnabad of Manoharganj). Four memorial monuments are built in the district.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 53.3%; male 54.1%, female 52.6%. Educational institutions: university 2, university college 4, medical college 1, teacher training college 2, law college 1, homeopath college 1, cooperative college 1, government commerce college 1, college 67, polytechnic institute 1, paramedical institute 1, primary education training institute 1, nursing training centre 1, secondary school 519, primary school 2133, survey institute 1, blind and deaf school 1. Noted educational institutions: Comilla Victoria University College (1899), Comilla Zila School (1837), Comilla High School (1842), Fazilatunnesa Government Girls' High School (1873), Bangra High School (1887), Shashidal Union High School (1890), Elliotganj RB High School (1908), Madhavpur Sheikhlal High School (1911), Raipur KC High School (1912), Chandina Pilot High School (1916), Ramchandrapur High School (1918), Debidwar Reazuddin High School (1918), Barpara Girls' High School (1919), Chandana KB High School (1920), Chauddagram HJ Pilot High School (1921), Burichang Ananda Pilot High School (1925), Homna Pilot High School (1929).

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 47.31%, non-agricultural labourer 2.54%, industry 1.25%, commerce 15.78%, transport and communication 4.05%, service 11.80%, construction 1.48%, religious service 0.35%, rent and remittance 4.83% and others 10.61%.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Rupasi Bangla (1972), Comilla Batra, Bangladesh, Shiranam; Weekly: Amod (1955), Abhibhadan (1994), Laksam Batra, Nirikkhan, Natunpatra, Samayatra (1967), Sangbad, Monthly Manan, Pathakbatra, Mainamati, Barura Kantha, Crime Report; Fortnightly: Brahmanpara Burichang; Defunct: Tripura Patrika (1876), Tripura (1932), Weekly Hindu (1941), Tripura Guide (1934), Natun Alo, Pratinidhi, Tripura Hitoishi (1883), Rayatbandhu (1921), Niamat (1940), Sabuj Bangla, Tripura Gyan Prakashani (1860), Tripura Bandhav (1942), Kathak (1983), Rangdhanu, Najat, Abahaman, Daradi (1938), Yogisammalani (1912), Comilla Sahitya Parishad Patrika (1985), Mainamati (1965), Purbasha, Shikhak Sruida, Alo, Chirkut (1974), Robi (1924), Tarun (1938), Samskriti (1940), Jagriti (1951), Apan Parichaya.

''Folk culture'' Punthi-path, Palli geeti, Bhatiyali, Bhawaya, Jarigan, Sarigan, Dak, Khanar Bachan, proverbs are notable.

''Tourist spots'' Shalban Bihar, Mainamati Museum, Lalmai hills, [[BARD|bard]], house of [[Dev Burman, Sachin|sachin dev burman]], house of Shahid [[Datta, Dhirendranath|dhirendranath datta]] (Comilla Adarsha Sadar), Debidwar Paurashaba Park and Debidwar Paurashaba Shishu (childrens) Park. [Mamun Siddiqi]

''See also'' The upazilas under this district.

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Comilla District 2007; Cultural survey report of Upazilas of Comilla District 2007.

[[Category:Districts of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:কুমিল্লা জেলা]]

Chittagong District

2023-10-28T12:44:10Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Chittagong District''' ([[Chittagong Division|chittagong division]]) area 5282.92 sq km, located in between 21°54' and 22°59' north latitudes and in between 91°17' and 92°13' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari]] and [[Rangamati District|rangamati]] districts and [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the north, [[Cox's Bazar|cox's bazar]] district on the south, [[Bandarban District|bandarban]], Rangamati and Khagrachhari districts on the east and [[Noakhali District|noakhali]] district and the [[Bay of Bengal|bay of bengal]] on the west. Chittagong District is quite different from other districts for its unique natural beauty characterised by hills, rivers, sea, forests and valleys.

''Population'' Total 7616352; male 3838854, female 3777498; Muslim 6618657, Hindu 861494, Buddhist 121169, Christian 7484 and others 7548.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Karnafuli River|karnafuli]], [[Halda River|halda]] and [[Sangu River|sangu]]; Murari canal, Chandahkhali canal, Jalkandar canal and Dhalai beel are notable. Annual average temperature: maximum 33.8'C, minimum 14.5'C, total annual rainfall: 3194 mm.

''Chittagong Town'' Chittagong Town, the main seaport of Bangladesh, is located at the estuary of the river Karnafuli. The Town is also called the commercial capital of Bangladesh. The first Export Processing Zone (EPZ) of Bangladesh, established in 1983, is situated here. Chittagong Municipality was formed in 22 June 1863. It was turned into Chittagong City Corporation on 31 July 1990.

''Administration'' Chittagong district was established in 1666 including three hill districts. In 1860, the district of Chittagong Hill Tracts was formed out of it. Chittagong district was further divided into Chittagong and Cox's Bazar districts.

{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="10" | District
|-
| rowspan="2" | Area (sq km) || rowspan="2" | Upazila || rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural
|-
| 5282.92 || 14 || 10 || 194 || 890 || 1288 || 3152629 || 4463723 || 1442 || 58.9
|}
{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
| colspan="4" | City Corporation (Census 2001)
|-
| City Corporation || Metropolitan Thana || Ward and Union || Mahalla and Mouza
|-
|1 || 12 || 41 || 207
|}
{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="7" | Chittagong Metropolitan Thana (Census 2001)
|-
| Name of metropolitan thana and GO code || Area (sq km) || Ward and Union || Mahalla and Mouza || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Karnafuli 39 || 136.59 || 7+1 (Part) || 27 || 179148 || 1312 || 45.70
|-
|Kotwali 41 || 7.68 || 9+1 (Part) || 23 || 282975 || 36846 || 79.60
|-
|Khulshi 43 || 13.12 || 3+1 (Part) || 45 || 243351 || 18548 || 60.30
|-
|Chandgaon 19 || 25.32 || 3 || 11 || 178390 || 7045 || 62.70
|-
|Double Mooring 28 || 8.12 || 5+1 (Part) || 41 || 259181 || 31919 || 63.10
|-
|Panchlaish 57 || 8.30 || 1+1 (Part) || 12 || 148120 || 17846 || 69.20
|-
|Pahartali 55 || 13.31 || 3 || 14 || 127243 || 9560 || 67.30
|-
|Bandar 20 || 20.04 || 4 || 11 || 213598 || 10659 || 72.60
|-
|Bakalia 10 || 12.33 || 3+1 (Part) || 9 || 196877 || 15967 || 50.5
|-
|Bayejid Bustami 16 || 17.58 || 3 || 12 || 168051 || 9559 || 59.50
|-
| Halishahar 35 || 9.64 || 2+1 (Part) || 26 || 125255 || 12993 || 62.40
|}
{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="9" | Others Information of District
|-
| Name of upazila || Area (sq km) || Municipality || Union || Mouza || Village || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Anowara 04 || 164.10 || - || 11 || 80 || 81 || 259022 || 1578 || 51.9
|-
| Chandanaish 18 || 201.99 || 1 || 9 || 39 || 46 || 233017 || 1154 || 53.6
|-
| Patiya 61 || 211.85 || 1 || 22 || 120 || 124 || 528120 || 2493 || 54.9
|-
| Fatikchhari 33 || 773.54 || - || 21 || 102 || 206 || 526003 || 680 || 51.4
|-
| Banshkhali 08 || 376.90 || 1 || 14 || 70 || 81 || 431162 || 1144 || 37.4
|-
| Boalkhali 12 || 126.46 || - || 10 || 34 || 35 || 223125 || 1764 || 58.9
|-
| Mirsharai 53 || 482.88 || 2 || 16 || 109 || 208 || 398716 || 826 || 55.1
|-
| Raozan 74 || 246.59 || 1 || 14 || 56 || 66 || 322840 || 1309 || 62.3
|-
| Rangunia 70 || 361.53 || 1 || 15 || 74 || 138 || 339004 || 938 || 48.9
|-
| Lohagara 47 || 258.87 || - || 9 || 40 || 43 || 279913 || 1081 || 49.2
|-
| Sandwip 78 || 762.42 || 1 || 15 || 34 || 34 || 278605 || 365 || 51.5
|-
| Satkania 82 || 280.97 || 1 || 17 || 73 || 84 || 384806 || 1370 || 52.7
|-
| Sitakunda 86 || 483.96 || 1 || 9 || 60 || 88 || 387832 || 801 || 59.2
|-
| Hathazari 37 || 246.32 || - || 15 || 48 || 55 || 431748 || 1753 || 63.5
|}

''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ChittagongDistrict.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''Historical events'' Chittagong had been an international sea port since the ancient time. The Arab traders had business transactions with this port since 9th century AD. Chittagong region was under the kingdom of [[Arakan|arakan]] during sixth and seventh centuries. Before the Muslim rule Chittagong had been either under the control of the Arakans or under the kings of Burma. Sultan Fakruddin Mubarak Shah (1338-1349) of Sonargaon conquered Chittagong in 1340. After the defeat of Sultan Giasuddin Mahmud Shah in the hands of Sher Shah in1538, the Arakanise again captured Chittagong. From this time onward until its conquest by the Mughals this region was under the control of the Portuguese and the Magh pirates. The Mughal Commandar Bujurg Umed Khan expelled the Portuguese from the area in 1666 and established Mughal rule there. The Mughals renamed Chittagong as Islamabad. On 18th April 1930, the revolutionaries looted the Chittagong armoury under the leadership of Mastarda [[Surya Sen, Mastarda|surya sen]]. During this time the leaders of the women revolutionaries were [[Waddedar, Pritilata|pritilata waddedar]], Bina Das, Lila Ray, Kalpana Dutta etc. Revolutionary Swadesh Roy was shot dead by the British soldiers in the Kalar Pole encounter. Besides, wounded Debu Prashad, Rajat Sen and Manaranjan Sen committed suicide to avoid arrests. In 1933 many revolutionaries including Masterda Surya Sen, Kalpana Datta hide out in the house of Kherada Prava Biswas of village Garla. During this time Surya Sen and Brajendra Sen were arrested by the British soldiers.

''War of Liberation'' On behalf of Bangabandhu [[Rahman, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur|sheikh mujibur rahman]] the Declaration of the Independence of Bangladesh was announced by Shahid [[Rahman, Shahid Ziaur|ziaur rahman]] on 27 March 1971 from the [[Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra|swadhin bangla betar kendra]] located at Kalurghat. A fierce battle was fought between the freedom fighters, under Captain Oli Ahmed, and the Pak army at a place near the Fenakuni Bridge on the south of Mirsharai Sadar on 20 April 1971 in which about 100 Pak soldiers were killed. On 13 April the Pak army killed 48 innocent persons at Unasattarpara and 35 persons at Jagatmallahpara of Pahartali Union. About 56 freedom fighters were killed and many Pak soldiers were killed or wounded in encounters between the freedom fighters and the Pak army at [[KAFCO|kafco]], Kaliganj and Paraikura of Anowara Upazila. The Pak army brutally killed 15 innocent villagers at Banikpara of Amirabad. The freedom fighters killed 17 rajakars at Jotpukuria. A number of civilians were killed or wounded while the Pak army bombarded from two aeroplanes at Patiya Sardar. On 3 May the Pak army conducted genocide indiscriminately and set many houses on fire at village Muzzafarabad of this upazila. The Pak army brutally killed 75 persons on 19 May 1971 in Banshkhali. They also killed 89 freedom fighters at village Napora in October. Two freedom fighters were killed in an encounter with the Pak army near the Barabkundu Chemicals Bridge. The Pak army conducted genocide on 13 October in the Durgabari premises of Kadhurkhil; they also brutally killed 11 freedom fighters at Najirhat Bus Stand area. In 1971, the freedom fighters (naval commandos) conducted a number of successful operations from Bandar and damaged a number of enemy ships by bomb explosions. The Pakistan army, on the verge of their defeat, planted mines in order to deadlock the port. After 16 December 1971, the then Soviet Naval Force sent experts who conducted mine swiping operation for about three months. Several Soviet mariners were killed in this operation. During the war of liberation the Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra was transferred to Dohazari from the Chittagong Town. Mass graves have been discovered at 9 places (P.T.I yard, Nazirhat, Karer Hat, Lelung Tea Garden, Darbar Sharif, Baganbari, Dandmara Ultobit, Banshkhali, Jotpukuria) and mass killing sites at 13 places of the district; 9 memeorial monuments have been built.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 58.9%; male 61.1%, female 56.7%. Noted educational institutions: Chittagong University (1966), Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (1968), Sir Ashutush Degree College (1939), Satkania College (1949), Fouzdarhat Cadet College (1958), Chittagong City College, Chittagong College, Mohsin College, Chittagong Commerce College, Ispahani School and College, Patiya Ideal High School (1845), Banigram Primary School (1881), Ramgati Ramdhan Abdul Bari Chowdhury High School (1898), Ideal Pilot High School (1902), Abdus Sobhan Rahat Ali High School (1914), Rangunia Ideal Multilateral Pilot High School (1915), Uttar Amirabad High School (1932), Dr. Khastagir Government Girls' School, Chittagong Collegiate School, Satkania Garangia Islamia Kamil Madrasa (1920), Shah Chand Awlia Alia Madrasa (1928).

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 33.53%, non-agricultural labourer 4.30%, commerce 16.22%, industry 0.99%, service 17.61%, transport & communication 3.43%, construction 1.32%, religious service 0.44%, rent & remittance 8.48% and others 13.68%.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Present: Daily Azadi, Daily Purbakon, Daily Life, Daily Karnafuli, Weekly Chattala, Monthly Suprobath Raozan, Monthly Banshkhali Barta, Chandanaish Darpan, Monthly Patiya, Fortnightly Alokito Boalkhali, Weekly Chaloman Sitakunda, Monthly Rangunia Kantha, Monthly Hathazari Kantha, Monthly Mirsharai; defunct: Monthly Sanshodhani, Purobi, Mukulika, Simanto, Weekly Jyoti, Weekly Sultan, Daily Jyoti, Daily Rashtrobarta, Daily East Pakistan, Daily Azan.

''Folk culture'' Various special types of folk culture and festivals such as Mejbani of the Muslim community, Mahadeshwari Puja of the Hindu community, Baisabi festival, [[Buddha Purnima|buddha purnima]], Prabarana Purnima, Kathin Chibar Dan, Shibli Puja, Aushta Upakaran Dan of the indigenous communities and the [[Durga Puja|durga puja]] are performed in the district. Besides, many folk festivities are performed on the occasion of Chaitra Samkranti, New Years's Day, Halkhata, Punnah, Nabanna, Poush Parvana, Anna Prashana etc. The indigenous communities of the district perform various kinds of folk dances including Mayur (peacock) dance, Jele (fishermen) dance, Sapure (snake charmer) dance, Bhaiya dance, Bottle dance, Plate dance, and Bansh (bamboo) dance, etc.

''Tourist spots and important installations'' World Peace Pagoda (Hathazari), Karaldanga Hill (Boalkhali), Haludia Prantik Lake (Satkania), Batali Hill, War Cemetery, Parki Sea Beach (Anowara), Patenga Sea Beach, Marine Academy, Eco-park and Botanical Garden, Chandranath Hill, Mahamoni Mandir (Raozan), Chakma Rajbari, Buddha statue of the Pala period at Betagi (Rangunia), Bronze Statue (Anowara), Musa Khan Mosque (1658), Kadam Mubarak Mosque (1719), Andar Killah Mosque, Wali Khan Mosque (1790), Badar Awliya Dargah, Bakhshi Hamid Mosque (Banshkhali, 1568), Chittagong University (1893), Ethnological Museum (1974), Foy's Lake (Pahartali), Chhuti Khan Mosque, Mazar of Hazrat Shah Amanat (R), Mazar of Baro Awliya (Sitakunda), Sitakunda Shankar Math, Dharmo Chakro Buddho Vihara, Koriya Nagar and Sonakania Buddha Viharas. [Jasim Uddin Harun]'

''See also'' The upazilas under this district.

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Chittagong District 2007; Cultural survey report of Upazilas of Chittagong District 2007.

[[Category:Districts of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:চট্টগ্রাম জেলা]]

Sonagazi Upazila

2023-10-28T10:51:44Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Sonagazi Upazila''' ([[Feni District|feni district]]) area 284.89 sq km, located in between 22°44' and 22°58' north latitudes and in between 91°19' and 91°28' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Feni Sadar Upazila|feni sadar]] upazila on the north, [[Companiganj Upazila (Noakhali District)|companiganj]] ([[Noakhali District|noakhali]]) upazila on the south, [[Mirsharai Upazila|mirsharai]] upazila on the east, Companiganj and [[Daganbhuiyan Upazila|daganbhuiyan]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 262547; male 123653, female 138894; Muslim 246209, Hindu 16208, Buddhist 97, Christian 8 and others 25. Indigenous community such as [[Tripura|tripura]] belongs to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Feni River|feni]], [[Little Feni River|little feni]]; Kali Das Canal is notable.

''Administration'' Sonagazi Thana was formed in 1920 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 9 || 91 || 95 || 20810 || 241737 || 922 || 53.2 (2001) || 50.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
| Area (sq km) || Ward || Mahalla || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| - || 9 || 14 || 19866 || - || 62.8
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 4.97 (2001) || 1 || 944 || 2465 (2001) || 42.1
|}

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Amirabad 15 || 10921 || 14481 || 16382 || 50.1
|-
| Char Chandia 28 || 14271 || 19604 || 20988 || 47.8
|-
| Char Darbesh 38 || 12171 || 15170 || 16975 || 46.3
|-
| Char Majlishpur 47 || 4331 || 12401 || 14856 || 53.9
|-
| Nawabpur 76 || 6523 || 8334 || 9938 || 55.5
|-
| Bagadana 19 || 3337 || 10976 || 13056 || 53.0
|-
| Mangalkandi 57 || 3156 || 10148 || 11016 || 55.3
|-
| Matiganj 66 || 3364 || 12254 || 13938 || 51.7
|-
| Sonagazi 85 || 11008 || 10525 || 11639 || 46.4
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:SonagaziUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''War of Liberation'' Freedom fighters had an encounter with the Pak army on 28 July 1971 at Nawabpur in which Pak military commander Gul Mohammad was killed. On 15 August, 50 Pakistani soldiers were killed by explotion of mines planted by the freedom fighters at a place near the Satbaria Bridge. The agitated Pakistani soldiers, in retaliation, killed 5 innocent persons of Boks Ali and Sujapur Dasgram. The Pak army also conducted plundering and set many houses of the area on fire. Memorial monuments were built at 8 places of the upazila..

For details: see সোনাগাজী উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ১০।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 276, temple 3.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 51.6%; male 52.8%, female 50.5%. Educational institutions: college 2, secondary school 20, primary school 93, community school 6, kindergarten 8, madrasa 10. Noted educational institutions: Sonagazi' Government College (1972), Mangalkandi High School (1912), Nawabpur High School (1923), Amirabad BC Laha High School (1917), Bishnupur High School (1925), Sonagazi Girls' High School, Baktermunshi Fazil Madrasa (1910), Sonagazi Fazil Madrasa (1918), Islamia Senior Madrasa (1930).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Upakul.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, club 30, women's organisation 14, playground 20.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 36.40%, non-agricultural labourer 3.35%, industry 1.58%, commerce 12.67%, transport and communication 4.40%, service 15.62%, construction 2.11%, religious service 0.56%, rent and remittance 14.04% and others 9.27%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, potato, pulse, mustard, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Jute, sesame, linseed, arahar, aus paddy.

''Main fruits'' Mango, blackberry, jackfruit, papaya, banana.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 7, dairy 21, poultry 10, artificial cattle breeding centre 1.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 170 km, semi-pucca road 9 km, mud road 341 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Bidi factory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, wood work, tailoring, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 27, fairs 2, most noted of which are Baktermunshi Hat, Kazir Hat, Kutir Hat, Amir Uddin Munshi Hat, Mangalkandi Hat, Sonagazi Bazar, Bhor Bazar, Olama Bazar, Matiganj Bazar, Sonagazi' Mela and Dasher Hat Mela.

''Main exports'' Banana, papaya, vegetables, fish.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 44.8% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 93.5%, tap 0.4% and others 6.1%.

''Sanitation'' 77.4% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 19.8% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 2.8% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 8, satellite clinic 5, clinic 2.

''Natural disasters'' Many people were victims of the devastating cyclones and tidal bore of 1876, 1961, 1985 and 1991; besides, these natural disasters also caused heavy damages to settlements, live stock and other properties of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Proshika|proshika]], [[ASA|asa]], Swanirvar Bangladesh. [Mahiuddin Hossain Mahin]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Sonagazi Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:সোনাগাজী উপজেলা]]

Phulgazi Upazila

2023-10-28T10:46:25Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Phulgazi Upazila''' ([[Feni District|feni district]]) area 102.19 sq km, located in between 23°02' and 24°10' north latitudes and in between 91°23' and 91°31' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Parshuram Upazila|parshuram]] upazila on the north, [[Feni Sadar Upazila|feni sadar]] and [[Chhagalnaiya Upazila|chhagalnaiya]] upazilas on the south, [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the east and west.

''Population'' Total 119558; male 59497, female 60061; Muslim 110356, Hindu 9197, Christian 4 and others 1.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Muhuri River|muhuri]], Silonia, Kahoa.

''Administration'' Phulgazi Thana was formed in 1975 and it was turned into an upazila on 27 March 2002.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 6 || 77 || 85 || 4453 || 115105 || 1170 || 56.5 || 60.1
|}
{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="5"| Upazila Town
|-
| Area (sq km) || Mouza || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 1.92 || 2 || 4453 || 2319 || 56.5
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Anandapur 27 || 2792 || 6462 || 7133 || 57.7
|-
| Amjadhat 13 || 5914 || 9897 || 11614 || 54.1
|-
| G.M.Hat 74 || 3027 || 6074 || 6596 || 62.7
|-
| Darbarpur 54 || 2774 || 9038 || 8409 || 63.8
|-
| Phulgazi 67 || 6398 || 16470 || 15575 || 60.3
|-
| Munshirhat 81 || 4347 || 11556 || 10734 || 61.9
|}

''Source ''Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:PhulgaziUpazilaFeni.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Shreepur Jami Mosque, Purna Roy Chowdhury Mandir, Gain Bari Mandir, Durga Mandir.

''War of Liberation'' Phulgazi upazila was under Sector 2 during the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]]. On 10 June the freedom fighters shot and killed 50 Pakistani soldiers while they were crossing the Bandua Bridge. The Pak army conducted mass killing and plundering in the upazila. Phulgazi upazila was liberated on 6 December. 5 mass killing sites and one mass grave have been in the upazila.

For details: see ফুলগাজী উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৬।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 286, temple 7.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 60.0%; male 62.0%, female 58.1%. Noted educational institutions: Phulgazi Government College (1972), Khaleda Zia Mohila College (1995), Munshirhat Ali Azam High School (1906), G.M.Hat High School (1926), Phulgazi Pilot High School (1929), Phulgazi Girls' High School (1972), Ajmeri Begum Girls' High School (1979), Dakshin Basura Government Primary School (1904), Phulgazi Alia Madrasa.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 6, club 37, cinema hall 1, playground 8.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 55.47%, non-agricultural labourer 2.92%, industry 2.21%, commerce 12.74%, transport and communication 3.01%, service 11.39%, construction 1.67%, religious service 0.22%, rent and remittance 2.55% and others 7.82%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 64.79%, landless 35.21%; agricultural landowner: urban 53% and rural 65.69%.

Main crops 'Paddy, wheat, jute, potato, sugarcane, chilli, vegetables.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, banana, litchi, papaya.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' This upazila has a number of fisheries, dairies and poultries.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 161.75 km, semi-pucca road 17.19, mud road 231.59 km; railway 14 km; waterway 50 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, weaving, potteries, wood work, tailoring, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 14, fairs 2, most noted of which are GM Hat, Darbarpur Kalibazar, Munshirhat, Munshirhat' Natun Bazar, Phulgazi Bazar, Anandapur Bazar.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 77.8% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 93.8%, tap 1.9% and others 4.3%.

''Sanitation'' 78.3% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 20.7% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 1.0% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health centre 1, union satellite clinic 3, family planning centre 4, community clinic 9, rural health centre 3, union health and family welfare centre 5, community clinic 9.

''Natural disasters'' The flood of 1998 caused heavy damages to settlements, livestock, crops and other properties of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]]. [Dildar Hussain]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Phulgazi Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:ফুলগাজী উপজেলা]]

Parshuram Upazila

2023-10-28T10:40:38Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Parshuram Upazila''' ([[Feni District|feni district]]) area 95.76 sq km, located in between 23°10' and 23°17' north latitudes and in between 91°23' and 91°31' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the north, east and west, [[Phulgazi Upazila|phulgazi]] upazila on the south.

''Population'' Total 101062; male 47981, female 53081; Muslim 96872, Hindu 4175, Buddhist 5, Christian 2 and others 8.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: Silonia, Kahua, [[Muhuri River|muhuri]].

''Administration'' Parshuram Thana was formed on 7 May 1879 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 3 || 67 || 71 || 29691 || 71371 || 1055 || 59.1 || 58.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 22.38 || 9 || 15 || 29691 || 1327 || 59.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Chithalia 23 || 6117 || 11936 || 13351 || 58.7
|-
| Baksh Mohammad 40 || 5913 || 11000 || 12459 || 54.3
|-
| Mirzanagar 47 || 6101 || 10589 || 12036 || 62.9
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ParshuramUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Dighi of Shamser Gazi at village Satkuchia.

''Historical events'' During the World War II a runway was built in this upazila for landing of aircrafts of the allied forces.

''War of Liberation'' On 7 November 1971 a battle was fought between the freedom fighters and the Pak army at the Bilonia BOP (Border Outpost) in which many Pakistani soldiers and three freedom fighters were killed. On the same day the freedom fighters killed a number of Pakistani soldiers in an encounter when the Pak army was in a move to restore their control over the Chithalia Base. In this encounter the freedom fighters captured a sizeable amount of arms and ammunitions of the Pak army.

For details: see পরশুরাম উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৫।

Religious institutions'' Mosque 224, temple 5, tomb 5.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 58.8%; male 60.1%, female 57.5%. Educational institutions: college 5, secondary school 32, primary school 125, madrasa 20. Noted educational institutions: Parshuram Government College (1972), Khandal Multilateral High School and College (1934), Subar Bazar Madrasa (1934).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Monthly: Sampriti, Jharapata (irregular); quaterly: Dhansiri.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 5, club 15, cinema hall 1.

''Important installations'' Bilonia Railway Station, Customs House, Bilonia Look Out Tower.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 48.32%, non-agricultural labourer 2.64%, industry 0.65%, commerce 11.81%, transport and communication 3.25%, service 14.56%, construction 1.16%, religious service 0.29%, rent and remittance 7.92% and others 9.40%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 64.79%, landless 35.21%; agricultural landowner: urban 53% and rural 65.69%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, sugarcane, spring harvest.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, coconut, blackberry, pineapple.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 10, poultry 8, hatchery 2.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 167 km, semi-pucca road 4 km, mud road 224 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, potteries, wood work, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 11, fairs 2, most noted of which are Parshuram Hat, Suba Bazar, Battali Bazar and Saldhar Bazar.

''Main exports'' Paddy.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 63.0% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 95.9%, tap 0.8% and others 3.3%.

''Sanitation'' 69.2% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 29.9% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 0.9% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 3, family planning centre 5, community clinic 14.

''Natural disasters'' The floods of 1988 and 1998 caused heavy damages to settlements, crops and other properties of the upazila.'

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]]. [Mohammad Yakub]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Parshuram Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:পরশুরাম উপজেলা]]

Feni Sadar Upazila

2023-10-28T10:35:20Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Feni Sadar Upazila''' ([[Feni District|feni district]]) area 226.19 sq km, located in between 22°54' and 23°04' north latitudes and in between 91°18' and 91°31' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India, [[Chauddagram Upazila|chauddagram]], [[Phulgazi Upazila|PH]][[Phulgazi Upazila|ulgazi]] and [[Chhagalnaiya Upazila|chhagalnaiya]] upazilas on the north, [[Sonagazi Upazila|sonagazi]] and [[Mirsharai Upazila|mirsharai]] upazilas on the south, Chhagalnaiya upazila on the east and [[Daganbhuiyan Upazila|daganbhuiyan]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 512646; male 254751, female 257895; Muslim 477777, Hindu 34417, Buddhist 254, Christian 115 and others 83.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Feni River|feni]] and [[Little Feni River|little feni]]; Silonia Canal, Bijoy Shingho Dighi, Rajajhi Dighi are notable.

''Administration'' Feni Thana was formed in 1929 and it was turned into an upazila in 1984. Municipality was formed in 1958.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 12 || 123 || 125 || 156971 || 355675 || 2266 || 69.7 || 59.8
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 22.00 || 18 || 35 || 156971 || 7135 || 69.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
|
Male
|
Female
|-
| Kazirbag 47 || 4109 || 11529 || 12039 || 63.5
|-
| Kalidah 43 || 4938 || 16938 || 15008 || 69.3
|-
| Sanua 82 || 3324 || 11002 || 12352 || 59.3
|-
| Dharmapur 23 || 3980 || 16674 || 15468 || 61.6
|-
| Dhalia 22 || 4301 || 14703 || 15797 || 65.2
|-
| Panchgachhiya 64 || 4585 || 20853 || 22615 || 57.1
|-
| Farhadnagar 25 || 4187 || 10629 || 12717 || 52.7
|-
| Fazilpur 30 || 4278 || 12976 || 14852 || 57.3
|-
| Baligaon 20 || 4204 || 16545 || 18120 || 53.8
|-
| Matabi 60 || 3610 || 11360 || 12389 || 59.4
|-
| Lemua 51 || 3556 || 10478 || 11544 || 61.5
|-
| Sarishadi 86 || 5482 || 18510 || 20577 || 58.0
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:FeniSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Mosque of Mohammad Ali Chowdhury and Shahi Mosque at Sarishadi, Rajajhi Dighi at Feni (1830), Bijoy Singha Dighi' at Mohipal (1760).

''Historical events'' The Naib Nazim of Dhaka appointed Muhammad Ali Chowdhury as the Fouzdar of Feni in 1762. As a result of his rebellion against the British, Muhammad Ali Chowdhury lost his zamindari in 1790.

''War of Liberation'' During the [[War of Liberation, The| war of liberation]] in 1971, the Pak army took control over Feni Sadar upazila on 23 April. They conducted genocide, torture and violation of women; they also set many houses of the upazila on fire. Two major encounters held between the Freedom fighters of the upazila and the Pak army and their collaborators in the upazila were at Dhalia and Daulatpur. There are 7 mass killing sites and one mass grave in Feni Sadar Upazila.

For details: see ফেনী সদর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৬।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 413, temple 172, church 2, tomb 3. Noted religious institutions: Feni Jami Mosque, Sarishadi Shahi Mosque, Tomb of Pagla Miah, Tomb of Pathan Shah, Ram Singh Smriti Math (1860), Rajbari Temple (1840), Ramkumar Samadhi Math (1902).

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 62.8%; male 64.6%, female 61.1%. Noted educational institutions: Feni Government College (1922), Government Commerce College (1965), Government Zia Mahila College (1979), Feni Public College (1995), Feni Girls' Cadet College (2004), Feni GA Academy (1943), Feni P.T.I (1957), Feni Polytechnic Institute (1962), Feni Teacher's Training College (1963), Feni Government Pilot High School (1886), Feni Government Girls' High School (1910), Kalidah SC High School (1911), Feni Central High School (1919), Feni Model High School (1927), Gobindapur Siddikia Fazil Madrasa (1920), Feni Alia Madrasa (1923).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Naya Paigam, Amar Feni; bi-weekly: Path; weekly: Gram Desh, Hawkers, Muhuri, Feni Barta, Feni Prabaha, Feni Sambad, Feni Khabar, Feni Darpan, Feni Times, Ananda Taraka, Shadesh Kantho, Atayeb, Baikali, Fenir Alo, Unmochan, Dristipath, Nabin Alo, Nabin Bangla, Alokito Feni, Nabakiron, Fenir Rabi, Jahur, Kalkantha, Barnamala, Fenir Sastakatha; fortnightly: Masimela, Feni Chitra; monthly: Ananda Bhairabi, Sarasari, Urmi.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 6, club 17, women organisation 2, Shishu Academy 1, music training centre 3, theatre group 7, cinema hall 3, children park 1.

''Amusement centres'' Zila Parishad Children Park, Rajajhi Dighi, Bijoy Shingho Dighi.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 20.93%, non-agricultural labourer 2.20%, industry 1.07%, commerce 21.39%, transport and communication 6.04%, service 19.81%, construction 2.52%, religious service 0.40%, rent and remittance 11.94% and others 13.70%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 56.71%, landless 43.29%; agricultural landowner: urban 50.13% and rural 58.61%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, pulse, sweet potato, chilli, sugarcane, peanut.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, banana, palm, date.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 12, dairy52 and poultry 240.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 265 km, semi-pucca road 58 km, mud road 430 km; railway 26 km; waterway 52 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Textile mill, steel mill, jute mill, oil mill, rice mill, biscuit factory, medicine factory, towel factory, salt factory, cold storage, leather industry, rubber industry.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, wood work, tailoring, bamboo work, cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 40, fairs 3, most noted of which are Sarishadi Bazar, Ranir Hat, Baligaon Bazar, Sanua Bazar; Rath Jatra Mela at Trank Road and' Baishakhi Mela at Mastar Para.

''Main exports'' Towel, mango, salt.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 82.7% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 84.4%, tap 12.2% and others 3.4%.

''Sanitation'' 73.3% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 25.2% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 1.5% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Hospital 1, sadar upazila health complex 1, diabetic hospital 1, chest disease clinic 1, trauma centre 1, TB hospital 1, eye hospital 1, CT scan clinic 1, mother and child welfare centre 1, satellite clinic 5, family planning centre 8, seba institute 1, charitable hospital 3, veterinary hospital 1, regional veterinary disease research centre 1, artificial breeding point 1.

''Natural disasters'' The devastating cyclone and tidal bore of 1876 caused huge loss of life and damages to settlements, livestock and other properties of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]], Swanirvar Bangladesh. [Md Abu Taher Bhuiyan]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Feni Sadar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:ফেনী সদর উপজেলা]]

Daganbhuiyan Upazila

2023-10-28T10:28:43Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Daganbhuiyan Upazila''' ([[Feni District|feni district]]) area 141.70 sq km, located in between 22°53' and 23°04' north latitudes and in between 91°15' and 91°22' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Nangalkot Upazila|nangalkot]], [[Chauddagram Upazila|chauddagram]] and [[Feni Sadar Upazila|feni sadar]] upazilas on the north, [[Companiganj Upazila (Noakhali District)|companiganj]] upazila on the south, Feni Sadar and [[Sonagazi Upazila|sonagazi]] upazilas on the east, [[Senbagh Upazila|senbagh]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 254402; male 118752, female 135650; Muslim 239459, Hindu 14889, Christian 28, Buddhist 18 and others 8.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Little Feni River|little feni]].

''Administration'' Daganbhuiyan Thana was formed in 1980 and it was turned into an upazila on 14 September 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 8 || 93 || 119 || 33574 || 220828 || 1795 || 58.4 (2001) || 57.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 12.75 (2001) || 9 || 20 || 32080 || 2038 (2001) || 65.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 1.61 (2001) || 2 || 1494 || 798 (2001) || 49.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Yakubpur 94 || 3671 || 13189 || 15268 || 61.7
|-
| Jailashkara 38 || 5458 || 19544 || 22022 || 61.1
|-
| Daganbhuiyan 12 || 2493 || 8427 || 10157 || 62.6
|-
| Purba Chandrapur 69 || 4448 || 11417 || 13426 || 61.9
|-
| Mathu Bhuiyan 56 || 2702 || 9148 || 10440 || 57.8
|-
| Rajapur 73 || 4590 || 15784 || 19428 || 53.2
|-
| Ramnagar 77 || 2802 || 9309 || 10244 || 62.2
|-
| Sindurpur 90 || 5703 || 15845 || 18674 || 47.5
|}
''Source ''Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:DaganbhuiyanUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]
''War of Liberation'' Daganbhuiyan was under sector 2 during the War of Liberation. Freedom fighters got their arms training in Indian camps at places like Harian, Palatona, Bagmara, Ompi and Deradun. They took part in encounters and operations at different locations of the Upazila. A memorial monument has been built.

For details: see দাগনভূঞা উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৪।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 306, temple 30, tomb 6. Noted religious institutions: Panch Pir Mazar at Jailashkara, Mazars of Maulana Dewan Abdur Rashid (R), Maulana Muhammad Ishaque (R) and Shah Sufi Saddruddin (R) at Naldia.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 58.8%; male 58.7%, female 58.8%. Noted educational institutions: Iqbal Memorial College (1985), Daganbhuiyan Girls' School, Ramnagar K M C High school, Jailashkara High School (1943).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Defunct: Kalantar, Shuveccha (weekly); Shuchita, Dishari (periodicals).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 42, cinema hall 1, playground 23.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 28.25%, non-agricultural labourer 2.35%, industry 0.77%, commerce 15.12%, transport and communication 4.07%, service 24.10%, construction 1.41%, religious service 0.56%, rent and remittance 9.33% and others 14.04%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 62.71%, landless 37.29%; agricultural landowner: urban 61.49% and rural 62.86%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, potato, pulse, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Linseed, sesame, kaun, arahar.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, banana, coconut, papaya.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Shrimp and other fishes cultivations on commercial basis; besides there about 100' dairies and poultries in the upazila.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 224.6 km, semi-pucca road 7, mud road 616 km.

''Traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage and bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, flour mill, cotton spinning mills, brick field, cap making factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, potteries, weaving, wood work, bamboo and cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 29, fairs 3, most noted of which are Daganbhuiyan Bazar, Amu Tulatuli Bazar, Baker Bazar, Rajapur Bazar; Bhuiya Hat, Faziler Hat, Koreshmunshi Hat, Chilonia Hat and Naldia Mela.

''Main exports'' Shrimp, coconut, vegetables.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 81.0% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 94.2%, tap 1.7% and others 4.1%.

''Sanitation'' 78.5% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 19.0% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 2.5% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 8, clinic 6.

''Natural disasters'' The devastating cyclone of 1991 caused huge loss of life and damages to settlements, live stock and other properties of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]] cida, Danida, care. [Mohiuddin Hossain Mohin]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Daganbhuiyan Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:দাগনভূঁইয়া উপজেলা]]

Chhagalnaiya Upazila

2023-10-28T10:15:37Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Chhagalnaiya Upazila''' ([[Feni District|feni district]]) area 139.59 sq km, located in between 22°54' and 23°07' north latitudes and in between 91°26' and 91°35' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Phulgazi Upazila|phulgazi ]]upazila on the north, [[Mirsharai Upazila|mirsharai]] and [[Feni Sadar Upazila|feni sadar]] upazilas on the south, Indian State of Tripura on the east, Feni Sadar upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 187156; male 89494, female 97662; Muslim 182193, Hindu 4887, Buddhist 34, Christian 25 and others 17.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Feni River|feni]] and [[Muhuri River|muhuri]]; Kalidas Khal is notable.

''Administration'' Chhagalnaiya Thana was formed in 1879 and it was turned into an upazila on 1 October 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 5 || 46 || 58 || 48243 || 138913 || 1341 || 70.7 (2001) || 63.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
| Area (sq km) || Ward || Mahalla || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| - || 9 || 11 || 45177 || - || 63.4
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 13.98 (2001) || 1 || 3066 || 1622 (2001) || 52.2
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Gopal 47 || 7937 || 12258 || 13794 || 69.7
|-
| Pathannagar 76 || 5589 || 16724 || 18516 || 67.3
|-
| Mohamaya 57 || 4873 || 12858 || 13805 || 59.9
|-
| Radhanagar 85 || 4836 || 12225 || 13575 || 63.2
|-
| Shubhapur 95 || 5020 || 13092 || 15132 || 56.1
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ChagalnaiaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Chand Gazi Bhuiyan Mosque, Jagannath Kali Mandir, Shiluar Shil, Bansh Para Zamindar Bari and Sat Mandir, ruins of the capital of Shamser Gazi, Kaiara Dighi.

''Historical events'' Forty five persons were killed and valuable assets were looted from many houses of this upazila during a communal riot occurred in January 1950.

''War of Liberation'' During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] in 1971 two companies of Pakistani soldiers were killed by the freedom fighters while crossing over the Shubhapur Bridge. In May the freedom fighters attacked the Pak army camp at Kalapur (near the Kalapur Bridge) and killed 20 Pak soldiers. On 29 May battles were fought between the freedom fighters and the Pak army at Durgapur and Singhanagar of Gopal Union in which 300 Pakistani soldiers and two freedom fighters were killed. A number of Pakistani soldiers were killed in an encounter with the freedom fighters in July at Shubhapur. In another encounter between the freedom fighters and the Pak army in July in Madhugram area more than 50 Pakistani soldiers were killed. At the end of November 7 freedom fighters were killed in an encounter with the Pak army at Shubhapur. Two memorial monuments had been built in the upazila.

For details: see ছাগলনাইয়া উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৩।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 275, temple 10, tomb 2. Noted religious institutions: Chand Gazi Bhuiyan Mosque, Dakshin Ballabhpur Mosque, Mazar of Panua Pir, Mazar of Roushan Fakir, Jagannath Kali Mandir.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 63.03%; male 66.93%, female 59.23%. Noted educational institutions: Chhagalnaiya Government College (1972), Abdul Huq Chowdhury Degree College (1995), Maulvi Shamsul Karim College (1995), Chhagalnaiya High School (1915), Joypur Sarojini High School (1917), Chhagalnaiya Pilot Girls' High School (1972), Chhagalnaiya Government Primary School (1900), Chhagalnaiya Islamia Madrasa (1937).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Aapil (Defunct); Monthly: Chhagalnaiya, Haider.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 10, club 39, theatre group 1, women organisation 1, music school 1, park 1, playground 25.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 32.27%, non-agricultural labourer 2.55%, industry 0.68%, commerce 14.61%, transport and communication 4.42%, service 15.74%, construction 1.49%, religious service 0.36%, rent and remittance 14.28% and others 13.60%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 64.79%, landless 35.21%; agricultural landowner: urban 70.73% and rural 63.92%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, potato, sesame, sugarcane, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Linseed, pulse, kaun, tobacco, jute.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, banana, blackberry, palm, pineapple, plum.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 2, dairy 28, poultry 35.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 180.54 km, semi-pucca road 24.82 km, mud road 356.39 km; railway 6 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, ice factory, saw mill, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, wood work, tailoring, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 28, fairs 3, most noted of which are Koroiya, Daroga, Mirzar, Jamaddar, Bangla and Pathannagar bazars and Amjad Majumdar Hat; Adhar Manik and Kaligachtola Mela.

''Main exports'' Paddy, furniture.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 81.1% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 90.8%, tap 4.1% and others 5.1%.

''Sanitation'' 69.0% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 30.0% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 1.0% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 4, satellite clinic 3, family welfare centre 4.

''Natural disasters'' A huge number of people of the upazila lost their life in the famine of 1943. The cyclone of 1963 and the tornado of 1980 caused heavy loss of life and damages to settlements, livestock and other properties of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]], CARE, Swanirvar Bangladesh. [RK Shamim Patowari]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Chhagalnaiya Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:ছাগলনাইয়া উপজেলা]]

Thanchi Upazila

2023-10-28T10:09:33Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Thanchi Upazila''' ([[Bandarban District|bandarban district]]) area 1020.82 sq km, located in between 21°15' and 21°57' north latitudes and in between 92°20' and 92°41' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Ruma Upazila|ruma]] upazila on the north, [[Arakan|arakan]] state of Myanmar on the south, Chin state of Myanmar and [[Belaichhari Upazila|belaichhari]] upazila on the east, [[Alikadam Upazila|alikadam]] and [[Lama Upazila|lama]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 23591; male 12344, female 11247; Muslim 1496, Hindu 387, Buddhist 11300, Christian 8577 and others 1831. Indigenous communities such as [[Marma, The|marma]], Murong, [[Tripuris, The|tripura]] and [[Khyang|khyang]] belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Sangu River|sangu]] (Shankha).

''Administration'' Thanchi Thana was formed in 1976 and it was turned into an upazila in 1985.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 4 || 11 || 178 || 1778 || 21813 || 23 || 22.4 || 27.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="6" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 21.08 || 1 || 1778 || 84 || 22.4
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Tindu 76 || 112640 || 2227 || 2182 || 18.3
|-
| Thanchi 57 || 69210 || 4102 || 3497 || 34.1
|-
| Balipara 19 || 15360 || 2927 || 2537 || 38.7
|-
| Remakry 38 || 24320 || 3088 || 3031 || 12.2
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ThanchiUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Historical events'' The Burma-British War of 1824 resulted in inclusion of Arakan as one of the provinces of British India. This had eased the migration of the Arakanese to Thanchi and its neighbouring areas. The migrants later became permanent settlers in the area and were recognised as residents by Regulation-1 of 1900, popularly known as the Chittagong Hill Tracts Manual.

''War of Liberation'' Freedom fighters did not have any direct encounter with Pakistani soldiers in Thanchi upazila but they did carry out a number of operations against the razakars and the local Shanti bahini. In May 1971, a troop of freedom fighters moved to Ruma through Rowangchhari and attacked razakars and members of peace committee and Albadr groups while they were in a meeting at Ruma. The group of miscreants fled and the freedom fighters had captured their arms.

For details: see থানচি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৪।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 2, temple 2, church 75, math 1, keyang 27.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 26.9%; male 33.9%, female 19.2%. Educational institutions: secondary school 3, primary school 16, community school 2. Noted educational institutions: Thanchi High School, Thanchi Bazar Model Government Primary School, Thanchi Headman Para Government Primary School.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, community centre 3, auditorium 1, jatra party 9, women organisation 35, playground 2.

''Tourist spots'' Langfi Tang Hill, Moudak Tang Hill, Naparai Tang hill, Murifa Tang Hill and Dim Hill are notable.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 72.10%, non-agricultural labourer 1.48%, commerce 3.91%, service 2.49%, religious service 0.12% and others 19.90%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 15.08%, landless 84.92%; agricultural landowner: urban 19.18% and rural 14.36%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, sesame, turmeric, maize, potato, ginger, vegetables.

''Main fruits'' Banana, jackfruit, orange, cashew nut.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 4.76 km, mud road 119 km; waterway 40 km.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Thanchi Bazar, Bara Madag Bazar, Chotto Madag Bazar, Bali Bazar, Tindu Bazar and Remakry Bazar are notable.

''Main exports'' Turmeric, ginger, cane, bamboo, wood.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 14.7% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Bamboo, cane, wood, stone.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 6.7%, tap 11.7% and others 81.6%.

''Sanitation'' 5.1% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 16.6% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 78.3% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 1, community clinic 3, veterinary hospital 2.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Caritas|caritas]], UNDP. [Atikur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Thanchi Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:থানচি উপজেলা]]

Ruma Upazila

2023-10-28T10:04:27Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Ruma Upazila''' ([[Bandarban District|bandarban district]]) area 492.09 sq km, located in between 21°53' and 22°10' north latitudes and in between 92°17' and 92°34' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Rowangchhari Upazila|rowangchhari]] upazila on the north, [[Thanchi Upazila|thanchi]] upazila on the south, [[Belaichhari Upazila|belaichhari]] upazila on the east, [[Bandarban Sadar Upazila|bandarban sadar]] and [[Lama Upazila|lama]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 29098; male 15469, female 13629; Muslim 1694, Hindu 495, Buddhist 11326, Christian 11124 and others 4459. Indigenous communities such as [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Marma, The|marma]], Murong and [[Tripura|tripura]] belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Sangu River|sangu]].

''Administration'' Ruma Thana was formed in 1976 and it was turned into an upazila in 1985.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 4 || 14 || 225 || 6848 || 22250 || 59 || 54.01 (2001) || 27.8
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 34.06 || 2 (2001) || 6848 || 201 || 54.01 (2001)
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Ghalangya 19 || 35200 || 2953 || 2765 || 16.4
|-
| Paindu 38 || 33280 || 2965 || 2838 || 21.0
|-
| Ruma 76 || 121600 || 6936 || 5481 || 38.8
|-
| Remakri Pransa 57 || 20480 || 2615 || 2545 || 25.6
|}

''Source ''Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:RumaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Historical events'' The Arakan king Meng Beng (known as Sultan Jabouk Shah) ruled this region for 21 years (1532-53). The Mughals invaded the area in 1666. The region was under the reign of Mraku dynasty till 1784.

''War of Liberation'' The Pakistani soldiers did not enter Ruma upazila during the period of the War of Liberation. However, the Mizo militatnts were active in the area. A group of Pakistani soldiers and their collaborators ambushed at Kesingghata on the other side of the border of Ruma district. Freedom fighters attacked them and drove them away from the area.

For details: see রুমা উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৯।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 6, temple 1, math 7, keyang 35, ashrama 1. Noted religious institutions: Miziri Para Buddhist Temple.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 28.9%; male 35.1%, female 21.8%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 6, primary school 37, community school 6, kindergarten 1. Noted educational institutions: Ruma Government High School, Paindu Headman Para Government Primary School, Chainda Headman Para Government Primary School, Ruma Bazar Adarsha Para Government Primary School.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 1, music academy 1, cultural organisation 3, women organisation 2, auditorium 1, playground 2.

''Tourist spots'' Boga Lake, Tajindong Hill, Keokaradong Hill, Rejuk Fall, Miziri Para Buddhist Temple.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 84.79%, non-agricultural labourer 0.88%, industry 0.42%, commerce 5.7%, transport and communication 0.1%, service 3%, construction 0.15%, religious service 0.15%, rent and remittance 0.13% and others 4.68%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 40.74%, landless 59.26%; agricultural landowner: urban 43.26% and rural 40.06%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, sesame, cotton, turmeric, ginger, nut, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Mustard.

''Main fruits'' Banana, jackfruit, orange, pineapple, papaya.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 1.20 km, semi-pucca 37 km, mud road 75 km.

''Noted manufactories'' Saw mill, brick-field.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 4, most noted of which are Ruma Bazar, Murum Ghat Bazar and Ghalangya Bazar.

''Main exports'' Banana, papaya, pineapple.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 33.5% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Bamboo, stone.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 6.5%, tap 11.7% and others 81.8%.

''Sanitation'' 7.5% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 36.5% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 56.0% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health centre 1, army medical centre 1, health centre 1, veterinary hospital 1.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Caritas|caritas]]. [Atikur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Ruma Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:রুমা উপজেলা]]

Rowangchhari Upazila

2023-10-28T09:59:10Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Rowangchhari Upazila''' ([[Bandarban District|bandarban district]]) area 442.88 sq km, located in between 22°03' and 22°20' north latitudes and in between 92°14' and 92°30' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Rajasthali Upazila|rajasthali]] and [[Belaichhari Upazila|belaichhari]] upazilas on the north, [[Ruma Upazila|ruma]] upazila on the south, Belaichhari and Ruma upazilas on the east, [[Bandarban Sadar Upazila|bandarban sadar]] upazila on the west. Mountain range and forests cover most part of the upazila.

''Population'' Total 27264; male 14243, female 13021; Muslim 2224, Hindu 226, Buddhist 18889, Christian 4548 and others 1377. Indigenous communities such as [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Marma, The|marma]], Murong and [[Tripuris, The|tripura]] belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Sangu River|sangu]].

''Administration'' Rowangchhari Thana was formed in 1976 and it was turned into an upazila in 1985.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 4 || 13 || 178 || 5052 || 22212 || 62 || 44.0 || 28.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="5" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 54.39 || 1 || 5052 || 93 || 44.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Alikhong 19 || 28160 || 2734 || 2594 || 36.8
|-
| Tarachha 76 || 32000 || 4625 || 4170 || 20.3
|-
| Nowa Patang 38 || 17920 || 2227 || 2110 || 25.8
|-
| Rowangchhari 57 || 31360 || 4657 || 4147 || 40.7
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:RowangchhariUpazila.jpg|thumb|right|400px]]
''War of Liberation'' Freedom fighters of Rowangchhari had encounters with the Pak army at Dhowachhari, Cherangghata, Udalbaniya, Patiya, Rangunai and some other places. There was a direct encounter between freedom fighters and the Pakistani soldiers on the Sangu river in the end of November 1971.

For details: see রোয়াংছড়ি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৯।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 4, temple 1, church 13, keyang 47.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 31.0%; male 37.7%, female 23.6%. Educational institutions: secondary school 4, primary school 40, community school 3, kindergarten 1. Noted educational institutions: Rowangchhari Government High School, Betchhara Junior High School, Rowangchhari Adarsha Government Primary School, Dochari Government Primary School.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 1, auditorium 3, community centre 3, jatra party 5, cultural organisation 1, women organisation 1, playground 6.

''Tourist spots'' Ramajak Hill.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 79.79%, non-agricultural labourer 4.37%, commerce 5.08%, transport and communication 0.24%, service 4.07%, construction 0.32%, religious service 0.21%, rent and remittance 0.13% and others 5.79%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 36.58%, landless 63.42%; agricultural landowner: urban 26.62% and rural 39.06%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, sesame, ginger, turmeric, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Cotton.

''Main fruits'' Banana, jackfruit, orange, pineapple, papaya.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 14.50 km, semi-pucca 14 km, mud road 102 km.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, flour mill, ice factory, saw mill, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Weaving, potteries, wood work, bamboo work, cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 9, most noted of which are Rowangchhari Bazar, Alikhong Bazar, Ghorao Bazar, Goalikhola Hat and' Buror Hat.

''Main exports'' Banana, pineapple, turmeric.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 21.9% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Stone.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 10.5%, tap 20.5% and others 69.0%.

''Sanitation'' 19.0% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 39.2% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 41.8% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, union health and family planning centre 5, community clinic 4, diagnostic centre 1, veterinary hospital 1.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[Caritas|caritas]], [[BRAC|brac]]. [Atikur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Rowangchhari Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:রোয়াংছড়ি উপজেলা]]

Naikhongchhari Upazila

2023-10-28T09:54:27Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Naikhongchhari Upazila''' ([[Bandarban District|bandarban district]]) area 463.60 sq km, located in between 21°11' and 21°40' north latitudes and in between 92°06' and 92°23' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Lama Upazila|lama]] upazila on the north, [[Arakan|arakan]] state of Myanmar on the south, [[Alikadam Upazila|alikadam]] and Arakan state of Myanmar on the east, [[Ukhia Upazila|ukhia]], [[Ramu Upazila|ramu]] and [[Chakaria Upazila|chakaria]] upazilas on the west. Busi Tang Hill of the upazila is notable.

''Population'' Total 61788; male 31347, female 30441; Muslim 47903, Hindu 494, Buddhist 12858, Christian 288 and others 245. Indigenous communities such as [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Marma, The|marma]], Murang, Tabjhong belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main river: Boalkhali.

''Administration'' Naikhongchhari 'Thana was formed in 1923 and it was turned into an upazila in 1985.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 4 || 17 || 237 || 18257 || 43531 || 133 || 37.1 || 28.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 54.39 || 1 || 18257 || 336 || 37.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Ghumdum 57 || 16000 || 8280 || 8199 || 34.3
|-
| Dochhari 38 || 43520 || 4090 || 3961 || 16.2
|-
| Naikhongchhari 76 || 23040 || 11759 || 11245 || 33.9
|-
| Baishari 19 || 32000 || 7218 || 7036 || 31.8
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

''War of Liberation'' During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] in 1971 the freedom fighters established temporary camps at Tumkru Para and Sonaichhari Jhumkhola Para of the upazila. The Pak army conducted mass torture; they also set many houses of the upazila on fire. Freedom fighters carried out guerrilla attack on Pak army in the Naikhongchhari, Ramu and Ukhia areas and also took part in a direct encounter at Kachubania.

For details: see নাইক্ষ্যংছড়ি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৫।

[[Image:NaikhongchhariUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 27, temple 3, church 1, math 4, keyang 29, pagoda 4, ashrama 2.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 31.3%; male 34.5%, female 28.0%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 8, primary school 47, community school 4, kindergarten 2, madrasa 4. Noted educational institutions: Saleh Ahmed Government High School, Naikhongchhari Secondary Girls' School, Naikhongchhari Model Government Primary School.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 3, auditorium 1, theatre group 3, literary organisation 1, women's organisation 3, playground 5.

''Tourists spots'' Upaban Tourists Centre, BLRI.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 51.93%, non-agricultural labourer 13.30%, industry 0.33%, commerce 9.44%, transport and communication 1.42%, service 10.32%, construction 0.39%, religious service 0.39%, rent and remittance 0.72% and others 11.76%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 43.23%, landless 56.77%; agricultural landowner: urban 40.71% and rural 44.22%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, sugarcane, sesame, cotton, maize, rubber, tobacco, betel leaf, turmeric, ginger, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Barley, bajra.

''Main fruits'' Banana, jackfruit, pine apple, lemon, papaya.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 6, dairy 1, poultry 8.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 22 km, semi-pucca 25 km, mud road 33 km.

''Noted manufactories'' Rubber factory, tobacco factory, saw mill.

''Cottage industries'' Weaving, wood work, bamboo work, cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Bahichhari Hat, Naikhongchhari Hat, Ghumdhum Hat, Baraitali Hat, Dochhari Hat.

''Main exports'' Paddy, tobacco, rubber, banana, betel leaf, ginger.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 22.9% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Stone and oil mine have been detected in the upazila.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 62.6%, tap 1.3% and others 36.1%.

''Sanitation'' 20.4% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 37.6% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 42.0% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, union health and family welfare centre 2, veterinary hospital 1.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs is [[BRAC|brac]]. [Atikur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Naikhongchhari Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:নাই্যংছড়ি উপজেলা]]

Lama Upazila

2023-10-28T09:47:04Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Lama Upazila''' ([[Bandarban District|bandarban district]]) area 671.83 sq km, located in between 21°36' and 21°59' north latitudes and in between 92°04' and 92°23' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Bandarban Sadar Upazila|bandarban]] [[Bandarban Sadar Upazila|sadar]] and [[Lohagara Upazila (Chittagong District)|lohagara]] ([[Chittagong District|chittagong]]) upazilas on the north, [[Naikhongchhari Upazila|naikhongchhari]] and [[Alikadam Upazila|alikadam]] upazilas on the south, [[Ruma Upazila|ruma]], [[Thanchi Upazila|thanchi]] and Alikadam upazilas on the east, [[Chakaria Upazila|chakaria]] upazila on the west. Lakpang Dang and Muranga Tang Hills of the upazila are notable.

''Population'' Total 108995; male 56610, female 52385; Muslim 77490, Hindu 3018, Buddhist 20395, Christian 6628 and others 1464.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Matamuhuri River|matamuhuri]].

''Administration'' Lama Thana was formed in 1923 and it was turned into an upazila in 1985.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 7 || 18 || 343 || 19014 || 89981 || 162 || 50.3 || 30.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
| Area (sq km) || Ward || Mahalla || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 13.87 || 9 || 34 || 19014 || 1371 || 50.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Aziznagar 15 || 23680 || 5420 || 5154 || 46.4
|-
| Gajalia 47 || 30720 || 6314 || 5580 || 22.3
|-
| Fasyakhali 31 || 47360 || 12708 || 12228 || 28.5
|-
| Rupshipara 68 || 22400 || 5974 || 5591 || 25.8
|-
| Lama 63 || 18560 || 4255 || 4236 || 28.5
|-
| Sarai 79 || 23040 || 5970 || 5261 || 31.3
|-
| Faitang 27 || 16000 || 6119 || 5171 || 32.3
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:LamaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''War of Liberation'' During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] Lama upazila was under Sector 1. The Pak army conducted mass killing and heavy plundering; they also set many houses of the upazila on fire. Freedom fighters had encounters with Pak army at a number of places of the upazila and notable among these were the encounters at Lama Police Station, the camp of freedom fighters at Trishdeba and the Pak army camp at Purikkha.

For details: see লামা উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৯।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 35, temple 5, church 15, keyang 18.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 34.0%; male 36.6%, female 31.1%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 6, primary school 74, community school 5, madrasa 4. Noted educational institutions: Lama Government High School, Chambi High School,' Lama Adarsha Primary School, Ramthui Para Government Primary School, Linejhiri Government Primary School.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, music academy 1, auditorium 1, cinema hall 1, playground 3.

''Tourists spots'' Merenga, Memorial Christan Mission.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 62.18%, non-agricultural labourer 7.4%, industry 0.46%, commerce 10.82%, transport and communication 0.61%, service 7.52%, construction 0.6%, religious service 0.27%, rent and remittance 0.31% and others 9.83%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 50.09%, landless 49.91%; agricultural landowner: urban 37.12% and rural 52.74%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, tobacco, potato, ginger, nut, turmeric, sesame, cotton, vegetables.

''Main fruits'' Banana, jackfruit, litchi, papaya.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Poultry 1.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 52 km, semi-pucca 35 km, mud road 160 km.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, match factory, saw mill.

''Cottage industries'' Weaving, wood work, bamboo and cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 5, most noted of which are Lama Bazar, Gajalia Bazar, Kiajupara Bazar, Rupasi Bazar and Aziznagar Bazar.

''Main exports'' Banana, jackfruit, bamboo, cotton, sesame, ginger, yarn, turmeric.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 22.9% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 62.6%, tap 1.3% and others 36.1%.

''Sanitation'' 23.2% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 41.9% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 34.9% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 3, veterinary hospital 1.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]],[[ASA| asa]], [[Proshika|proshika]]. [Atikur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Lama Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:লামা উপজেলা]]

Bandarban Sadar Upazila

2023-10-28T09:38:21Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Bandarban Sadar Upazila''' ([[Bandarban District|bandarban district]]) area 501.98 sq km, located in between 21°55' and 22°22' north latitudes and in between 92°08' and 92°20' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Rajasthali Upazila|rajasthali]] upazila on the north, [[Lama Upazila|lama]] upazila on the south, [[Rowangchhari Upazila|rowangchhari]] and [[Ruma Upazila|ruma]] upazilas on the east, [[Rangunia Upazila|rangunia]], [[Chandanaish Upazila|chandanaish]], [[Satkania Upazila|satkania]] and [[Lohagara Upazila (Chittagong District)|lohagara]] upazilas on the west. Marmiana Tang and Bothil Tang hills of this upazila are notable. There are a number of waterfalls in the upazila.

''Population'' Total 88282; male 47687, female 40595; Muslim 39600, Hindu 6862, Buddhist 33051, Christian 4511 and others 4258.

''Water bodies'' [[Sangu River|sangu]] river and Swalak canal are notable.

''Administration'' Bandarban Thana was formed in 1923 and it was turned into an upazila in 1984.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 5 || 16 || 225 || 41434 || 46848 || 176 || 67.1 || 32.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 13.05 || 9 || 68 || 41434 || 3175 || 67.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Kuhalong 31 || 20745 || 5696 || 5379 || 34.7
|-
| Tankabati 79 || 37726 || 3007 || 2764 || 11.1
|-
| Bandarban 15 || 14088 || 4902 || 4317 || 38.3
|-
| Rajbila 47 || 25158 || 4651 || 4472 || 29.0
|-
| Swalak 63 || 18283 || 6240 || 5420 || 39.6
|}
''Source ''Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:BandarbanSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''War of Liberation'' During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] in 1971 Bandarban was under Sector 1. The Pak army conducted mass killing and plundering in this upazila; they also set many houses on fire. Freedom fighters of the upazila had an encounter with Pakistani soldiers at a place named Kya Ching Ghata. There was another encounter between the freedom fighters and Pak army at Dhopachara. A memorial monument has been built in the upazila.

For details: see বান্দরবান সদর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৬।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 101, temple 10, church 22, math 2, sacred place 1, keyang 70, ashrama 3.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 49.3%; male 54.4%, female 43.2%. Educational institutions: college 2, technical college 1, secondary school 15, primary school 66, community school 4, kindergarten 1, madrasa 2. Noted educational institutions: Bandarban technical school and college, Bandarban Cantonment Public School and College, Bandarban Government High School, Sangu High School, Bandarban Government Girl's School, Bandarban Ideal Government primary school.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Natun Bangladesh, Sachitro; fortnightly: Sangu; Periodical: Bandarban, Nilachal, Chimbuk.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, club 4, community centre 1, Shilpakala Academy 1, Shishu Academy 1, auditorium 2, cultural organisation 18, women organisation 76, tribal cultural institute 1, cinema hall 1, playground 6.

''Tourist spots'' Bandarban Golden Temple, Meghla, Nilgiri, Shoila Propat and Rajbari.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 47.01%, non-agricultural labourer 8.13%, industry 0.28%, commerce 13.76%, transport and communication 2.93%, service 16.01%, construction 3.24%, religious service 0.31%, rent and remittance 0.75% and others 7.58%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 31.07%, landless 68.93%; agricultural landowner: urban 18.63% and rural 45.52%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, sesame, cotton, turmeric, ginger, vegetables.

''Main fruits'' Banana, pineapple, papaya, jackfruit.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 56, dairy 7, poultry 20.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 93 km, semi-pucca road 112 km, mud road 460 km; waterway 30 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart and horse carriage.

''Cottage industries'' Weaving, wood work, bamboo and cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 7, fairs 1, most noted of which are Bandarban, Suwalak and Balaghata hats. Purnia Mela of Bomang Raja is notable.

''Main exports'' Banana, bamboo, cotton, ginger, turmeric, tribal dresses.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 54.3% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 37.6%, tap 26.8% and others 35.6%.

''Sanitation'' 50.4% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 27.2% of dwelling houses use non-sanitary latrines; 22.4% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex, union health and family welfare centre 5, family planning centre 1, maternity and child welfare centre 2, community clinic 2, diagnostic centre 6, animal treatment centre 4.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Proshika|proshika]], [[Caritas|caritas]]. [Atikur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Bandarban Sadar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:বান্দরবান সদর উপজেলা]]

Alikadam Upazila

2023-10-28T09:33:42Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Alikadam Upazila''' ([[Bandarban District|bandarban district]]) area 885.77 sq km, located in between 21°21' and 21°50' north latitudes and in between 92°15' and 93°34' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Lama Upazila|lama]] upazila on the north, [[Arakan|arakan]] (Myanmar) on the south, [[Thanchi Upazila|thanchi]] upazila on the east, Lama and [[Naikhongchhari Upazila|naikhongchhari]] upazilas on the west. The upazila area is located in the relatively plain land of the Bandarban hilly region. Thaikyang Tang, Rurang Tang and Sara Tang are the notable hills of this upazila.

''Population'' Total 49317; male 25650, female 23667; Muslim 26680, Hindu 1655, Buddhist 15233, Christian 3657 and others 2092.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Matamuhuri River|matamuhuri]].

''Administration'' Alikadam Thana was formed in 1976 comprising parts of Lama and Naikhongchhari upazilas and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 2 || 7 || 168 || 14525 || 34792 || 56 || 41.8 || 24.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="5" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 23.34 || 1 || 14525 || 590 || 43.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Alikdam 31 || 186880 || 15035 || 13460 || 30.5
|-
| Chokhyong 63 || 32000 || 10615 || 10207 || 32.4
|}

''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

''Historical events'' Since 9th century a major portion of Chittagong Hill Tracts including Alikadam were under the Arakani rule. Arakani rule in Alikadam was disrupted' in the 15th and 16th centuries when Sultan Jalaluddin of Bengal and Khoda Baksh dynasty established temporary control over the region. With the conquest of the region by the Mughals in 1756 the Arakanese rule completely came to an end. The last Arakanese ruler Kong Hla Pru was forced to surrender and was compelled to quit the hilly region along with his family members.

''War of Liberation'' A troop of freedom fighters had carried out an attack on the razakars at a place near the Alikadam Buddhist Vihara on 21 April 1971 and forced them to flee the area. Freedom fighters had an operation in the razakar camp at Lama on 5 September.

For details: see আলিকদম উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ১।

[[Image:AlikadamUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 38, temple 5, church 3, keyang 17.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 31.3%; male 35.2%, female 27.0%. Educational institutions: secondary school 4, primary school 22, community school 4, kindergarten 2 madrasa 2. Noted educational institutions: Alikadam Govt. High School, Alikadam Girls' High School, Alikadam Ideal Govt. Primary School, Sonaichhari Registered Primary School.

''Cultural organizations'' Press club 1, library 1, cinema hall 1, sangit academy 1, auditorium 1, women's organisation 2, playground 1, orphanage 2.

''Tourist spots'' Meraindong Hill.

''Main source sources of income'' Agriculture 59.27%, non-agricultural labourer 9.30%, commerce 12.52%, service 5.29%, construction 0.38%, religious service' 0.27%, rent and remittance 0.03%, transport and communication 0.48% and others 12.46%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 29.03%, landless 70.97%; agricultural landowner: urban' 26.31%, rural 30.60%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, potato, tobacco, ground nut, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame, mustard, indigo.

''Main fruits'' Banana, jackfruit, litchi, papaya.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 3 km, semi-pucca 1.5 km, mud road 222 km; waterway 35 km; railway 11 km.

''Manufactories'' Plywood factory, tobacco factory, saw mill, brickfield.

''Cottage industries'' Potteries, Blacksmith, wood work, bamboo work, cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Most noted hats are Alikadam Sadar hat and Tainchhari hat.

''''Main exports'' Banana, bamboo, ginger, garlic, turmeric, vegetable.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of this upazila are under electricity net-work. However 15.7% of the dwelling households only have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 43.6%, tap 1.1% and others 55.3%.

''Sanitation'' 24.3% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 43.9% of dwelling houses use non-sanitary latrines; 31.8% of households do not have sanitation facilities.

''Heath centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 1, community clinic 3, veterinary hospital 1.

''NGO activities'' [[BRAC|brac]],[[Proshika| proshika]], BNKS. [Atikur Rahman].

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Alikadam Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:আলিকদম উপজেলা]]

Ramgarh Upazila

2023-10-28T07:13:36Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Ramgarh Upazila''' ([[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari district]]) area 287.89 sq km, located in between 22°49' and 23°02' north latitudes and in between 91°44' and 91°59' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India and [[Matiranga Upazila|matiranga]] upazila on the north, [[Manikchhari Upazila|manikchhari]] and [[Lakshmichhari Upazila|lakshmichhari]] upazilas on the south, [[Mahalchhari Upazila|mahalchhari]] upazila on the east and [[Fatikchhari Upazila|fatikchhari]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 71677; male 36644, female 35033; Muslim 41316, Hindu 11317, Buddhist 18630, Christian 164 and others 250. Indigenous communities such as [[Tripuris, The|tripura]], [[Marma, The|marma]] and [[Chakma Language|chakma]] belong to this upazila.

''Administration'' Ramgarh Thana was formed in 1905 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 3 || 12 || 136 || 37033 || 34644 || 249 || 55.8 (2001) || 36.5
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
| Area (sq km) || Ward || Mahalla || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| - || 9 || 29 || 24854 || - || 59.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)

|
Mouza

|
Population

|
Density (per sq km)

|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 64.75 (2001) || 2 || 12179 || 447 (2001) || 36.8
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Pathachhara 57 || 20480 || 6457 || 6472 || 33.0
|-
| Ramgarh 76 || 17280 || 6507 || 6454 || 36.0
|-
| Hapchhari38 || 21760 || 10815 || 10118 || 39.1
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:RamgarhUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Mahamuni Buddhist Monastery (Nakaba), SDO Bungalow.

''Historical events'' The border security forces of Bangladesh now named as the Bangladesh Border Guard was first formed as Ramgarh Local Battalion on 21 June 1795.

''War of Liberation'' The first training camp of the freedom fighters including young people, students and local persons engaged in various professions of the upazila was established at Ramgarh on 8 April 1971. The freedom fighters had an encounter with the Pak army at Mahamuni Para in August 1971 in which 17 Pak soldiers were killed. On 22 December 1986 the [[Shanti Bahini|shanti bahini]] launched a surprise attack and killed 22 innocent persons. A memorial monument ('Sarthak a Janmo') has been built in the upazila.

For details: see রামগড় উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৯।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 74, temple 11, buddhist vihara and keyang 32, church 2, sacred place 1, ashrama 3. Noted religious institutions: Ramgarh Central Jami Mosque, Mahamuni Buddhist Monastery, Ramgarh Dakshineswari Kalibari.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 44.9%; male 49.9%, female 39.8%. Educational institutions: college 2, secondary school 12, primary school 60, community school 5, kindergarten 6, satellite school 5, madrasa 7, orphanage 1. Noted educational institutions: Ramgarh Government Degree College (1980), Ramgarh Government High School (1952), Ramgarh Girls' High School (1964), Chowdhury Para Junior High School (1988), Shaheed Captain Kader Bidya Niketon (1994), Ramgarh Government Model Primary School (1937), Ramgarh Government Girls' Primary School (1964), Ramgarh Ganiatul Ulum Senior Madrasa.

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Weekly: Binnaz.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, club 5, press club 1, cinema hall 2, auditorium 2, stadium 1, playground 7.

''Tourists spots'' Ramgarh Lake and Hanging Bridge, Soil Conservation and Research Centre, Rifles Monument, Ramgarh Horticulture Centre.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 47.61%, non-agricultural labourer 11.04%, commerce 12.80%, transport and communication 2.62%, service 7.65%, construction 2.39%, religious service 0.26%, rent and remittance 1.11% and others 14.52%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 37.76%, landless 62.24%; agricultural landowner: urban 29.55% and rural 45.96%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, sweet potato, ginger, turmeric, sugarcane, bamboo, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Local verities of paddy, Sesame, kaun, mustard.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, litchi, banana, pine apple, lemon, shaddock.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 9, dairy 5, poultry 20, hatchery (fish) 1.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 53 km, semi-pucca road 68 km, mud road 257 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Bullock cart, buffalo cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, saw mill, wine factory, plywood factory, ice factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, weaving, tailoring, wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 9, fairs 6, most noted of which are Ramgarh Bazar, Sonaipool Bazar, Nakaba Bazar, Chainda Mela and Mahamuni Mela.

''Main exports'' Jackfruit, lemon, sweet potato, banana, paddy, wood, bamboo.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 28.8% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Natural Gas (Semutang Gas Field), wood, bamboo.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 69.8%, tap 0.7% and others 29.5%.
Sanitation 46.3% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 41.3% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 12.4% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Hospital 2, health and family welfare centre 3, Islamic mission health centre 1, clinic 1, diagnostic centre 3, veterinary 1.

''Natural disasters'' About 20 persons were victims of the flash flood on 26 June 2003. Besides, it also caused heavy damages to settlements, roads and plants of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], IDF, [[Proshika|proshika]], [[ASA|asa]]. [Md. Nizam Uddin Lavlu]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Ramgarh Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:রামগড় উপজেলা]]

Panchhari Upazila

2023-10-28T07:07:36Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Panchhari Upazila''' ([[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari district]]) area 334.10 sq km, located in between 23°12' and 23°28' north latitudes and in between 91°50' and 92°00' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the north, [[Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila|khagrachhari sadar]] upazila on the south, [[Dighinala Upazila|dighinala]] upazila on the east, [[Matiranga Upazila|matiranga]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 62198; male 31352, female 30846; Muslim 18816, Hindu 12364, Buddhist 30294, Christian 286 and others 438. Indigenous communities such as [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Tripura|tripura]] and [[Marma, The|marma]]. belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main river: Chengi.

''Administration'' Panchhari Thana was formed on 1 October 1976 and it was turned into an upazila in 1984.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 5 || 7 || 220 || 22706 || 39492 || 186 || 49.6 || 38.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 82.88 || 1 || 22706 || 274 || 49.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Ulta Chari 89 || 10240 || 5710 || 5770 || 37.2
|-
| Chengi 19 || 14720 || 4037 || 3992 || 37.1
|-
| Panchhari 76 || 20480 || 11527 || 11179 || 49.6
|-
| Latiban 38 || 27520 || 4241 || 4108 || 36.9
|-
| Logang 57 || 19840 || 5837 || 5797 || 40.2
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:PanchhariUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''Historical events'' In June 1986, the members of the [[Shanti Bahini|shanti bahini]]' of the Chittagong Hill Tracts killed 105 persons of Damdam, Kalanal and Chhantila areas of the upazila. On 5 March 1998 the armed cadres of the Shanti Bahini surrendered their arms and ammunitions at Dudukchhara under Logang union as per the [[Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord, 1997|chittagong hill tracts peace accord]][[Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord, 1997|, 1997]]. In this place, on this day, the Shanti Bahini was declared to be abolished.

''War of Liberation'' The first group of freedom fighters receiving formal arms training had got the training locally at Ompinagar of Tellemura and later, they went to Shilachhari camp of India for higher training. Many local freedom fighters joined with them and they formed a total of five companies to carry out operations in the upazila and adjacent localities. One of the notable operations was the attack on Pakistani soldiers at Pancchari camp.

For details: see পানছড়ি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৫।

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 42.3%; male 48.7%, female 35.7%. Noted educational institutions: Panchhari College (1990), Panchhari High School and College (1981).

''Cultural organisations'' Club 17, theatre group 1, cinema hall 1, playground 7.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 64.84%, non-agricultural labourer 9.56%, industry 0.27%, commerce 8.56%, transport and communication 0.74%, service 5.86%, construction 0.57%, religious service 0.22%, rent and remittance 0.32% and others 9.06%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 42.46%, landless 57.54%; agricultural landowner: urban 38.76% and rural 44.49%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, potato, maize, mustard, sesame, ginger, turmeric, vegetables, bamboo.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, litchi, banana, papaya, pineapple, sugarcane.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Poultry 3.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 43 km, semi-pucca 48 km, mud road 269 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Ice factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 3, fair 1, most noted of which are Logang Bazar, Puijagang Bazar, Ultachhari Bazar and Bijay Mela at Panchhari Sadar.

''Main exports'' Wood, bamboo, ginger, turmeric, sesame, mustard, banana, jackfruit, pineapple.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 28.8% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 69.8%, tap 0.7% and others 29.5%.

''Sanitation'' 15.3% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 78.2% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 6.5% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 3, diagnostic centre 3.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], UNICEF. [Sanjay Kishore Das]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Panchhari Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:পানছড়ি উপজেলা]]

Matiranga Upazila

2023-10-28T07:00:44Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Matiranga Upazila''' ([[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari district]]) area 495.40 sq km, located in between 22°56' and 23°24' north latitudes and in between 91°44' and 91°58' east longitudes. It is bounded by the [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the north, [[Ramgarh Upazila|ramgarh]] upazila on the south, [[Panchhari Upazila|panchhari]], [[Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila|khagrachhari sadar]] and [[Mahalchhari Upazila|mahalchhari]] upazilas on the east, Tripura state of India on the west.

''Population'' Total 126477; male 63695, female 62782; Muslim 84026, Hindu 28996, Buddhist 12721, Christian 465 and others 269. Indigenous communities such as [[Tripuris, The|tripura]], [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Marma, The|marma]] belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Gumti River|gumti]], Pilac, [[Feni River|feni]]; Dhalia Canal is notable.

''Administration'' Matiranga Thana, now an upazila, was formed in 1980.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 8 || 27 || 365 || 23913 || 102564 || 255 || 60.4 || 40.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
| Area (sq km) || Ward || Mahalla || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 25.50 || 9 || 53 || 23913 || 938 || 60.4
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Amtali 13 || 816 || 4155 || 4171 || 39.5
|-
| Guimara 35 || 22400 || 7618 || 7321 || 39.8
|-
| Gumti 47 || 25600 || 6147 || 6169 || 40.8
|-
| Tubalchhari 76 || 7680 || 9072 || 9272 || 43.2
|-
| Taindang 83 || 10880 || 6959 || 6976 || 42.0
|-
| Baranala 17 || 9600 || 4941 || 4645 || 38.1
|-
| Belchhari 23 || 11520 || 6388 || 6594 || 43.5
|-
| Matiranga 59 || 33920 || 6160 || 5976 || 32.3
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:MatirangaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Alu Tila Chaitta Buddhist Vihara, Bhagaban Tila.

''War of Liberation'' Local political leaders organized, with the help of EPR members, the training of more than 50 young men in May 1971 and later, some 60 more young men of Shilachhari and other places were organized and given training at the Harina camp. Freedom figters took part in operations at Dainchhari and a few other locations of the upazila.

For details: see মাটিরাঙ্গা উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৭।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 55, temple 27, pagoda 25, sacred place 1 (Matai Pukhiri). Noted religious institutions: Matiranga Jami Mosque, Taliafang Shiva Temple, Gumti Shiva Temple.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 44.2%; male 49.0%, female 39.3%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 12, primary school 73, community school 12, adult education center 4, madrasa 6. Noted educational institutions: Matiranga Degree College (1992), Matiranga Pilot High School, Matiranga Girls' High School, Matiranga Technical Institute, Tubalchhari TK High School (1952), Tubalchhari Kadamtali High School (1959), Taindang Islamia Senior Madrasa (1982).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Weekly: Parbatta Bani

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 10, cinema hall 5, women's organisation 4, playground 20.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 60.50%, non-agricultural labourer 9.79%, industry 0.46%, commerce 11.60%, transport and communication 0.53%, service 5.49%, construction 0.56%, religious service 0.28%, rent and remittance 0.50% and others 10.29%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 36.92%, landless 63.08%; agricultural landowner: urban 26.79% and rural 37.68%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, rubber, sugarcane, potato, corn, cotton, arahar, vegetables.'

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Jute, kaun, mustard, sesame.

''Main fruits'' Jackfruit, banana, mango, blackberry, litchi, papaya, lemon, pineapple, kul, custard apple, guava, kamranga, wood-apple, shaddock.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 63, poultry 40, hatchery 1.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 129 km, semi-pucca 152 km, mud road 526 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Saw mill, flour mill, plywood factory, brickfield.

''Cottage industries'' Potteries, embroidery, weaving, bamboo work, cane work, wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 6, fair 1, most noted of which are Matiranga Hat, Guimara Hat, Tubalchhari Hat, Belchhari Hat, Gumti Hat, Taindang Hat, Kagori Chowdhury Mela.

''Main exports'' Wood, paddy, cotton, banana, papaya.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 28.0% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 68.7%, tap 0.3% and others 31.0%.

''Sanitation'' 33.1% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 55.6% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 11.3% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 8, rural health centre 1, satellite clinic 3.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGO is [[BRAC|brac]]. [Proshanto Kumar Tripura]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Matiranga Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:মাটিরাঙ্গা উপজেলা]]

Manikchhari Upazila

2023-10-28T06:55:59Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Manikchhari Upazila''' ([[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari district]]) area 168.34 sq km, located in between 22°41' and 22°55' north latitudes and in between 89°35' and 89°52' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Ramgarh Upazila|ramgarh]] upazila on the north, [[Fatikchhari Upazila|fatikchhari]] upazila on the south, [[Lakshmichhari Upazila|lakshmichhari]] upazila on the east, Fatikchhari upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 61589; male 30939, female 30650; Muslim 40536, Hindu 6277, Buddhist 14308, Christian 432 and others 36.

''Water bodies'' Main river: Dhurang.

''Administration'' Manikchhari Thana was formed on 10 December 1980 and it was turned into an upazila 1985.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 4 || 12 || 160 || 34776 || 26813 || 366 || 44.9 || 35.2
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" |Upazila Town
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 75.11 || 2 || 34776 || 463 || 44.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Batnatali 19 || 16000 || 6323 || 6358 || 37.1
|-
| Manikchhari 63 || 25600 || 11021 || 10577 || 48.7
|-
| Juggachhala 42 || - || 5701 || 5655 || 37.4
|-
| Tintahari 87 || - || 7894 || 8060 || 35.1
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ManikchhariUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Mung Rajbari, Sindukchhari Pond, Sundar Shah Tomb.

''War of Liberation'' Freedom fighters of the upazila formed a resistance at Joggochala Bazar to prevent Pakistani soldiers from entering the area. Freedom fighters had an encounter with the Pak army at Nonabil of Joggochala.

For details: see মানিকছড়ি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৮।

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 40.7%; male 44.1%, female 37.3%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 2, primary school 50. Noted educational institutions: Rani Nihar Devi Government High School (1976).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Weekly: Chabuk.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, cinema hall 1.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 67.32%, non-agricultural labourer 6.68%, industry 0.27%, commerce 10.9%, transport and communication 0.8%, service 5.69%, construction 0.46%, religious service 0.32%, rent and remittance 0.37% and others 7.19%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 50.01%, landless 49.99%; agricultural landowner: urban 52.07% and rural 47.36%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, corn, mustard, potato, ginger, turmeric, vegetables.'

''Main fruits'' Banana, jackfruit, lemon, pineapple.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Poultry 10.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 40 km, semi-pucca road 155 km, mud road 300 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, flour mill, saw mill.

''Cottage industries'' Weaving, potteries, embroidery, wood work, bamboo work, cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 7, fairs 2, most noted of which are Manikchhari Bazar, Mahamuni Bazar, Gachhabil Bazar, Tintahri Bazar, Chaitra Sankranti Mela adjacent to Mahamuni Temple.

''Main exports'' Banana, jackfruit, ginger, turmeric, vegetables, bamboo, cane, wood.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 24.5% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Natural gas (Juiggachhara Chimuthang Gas Field).

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 67.3%, tap 0.4% and others 32.3%.

''Sanitation'' 39.3% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 45.4% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 15.3% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning clinic 1, diagnostic centre 4. [Atikur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Manikchhari Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:মানিকছড়ি উপজেলা]]

Mahalchhari Upazila

2023-10-28T06:51:53Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Mahalchhari Upazila''' ([[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari district]]) area 251.22 sq km, located in between 22°52' and 23°03' north latitudes and in between 91°56' and 92°00' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila|khagrachhari sadar]] upazila on the north, [[Naniarchar Upazila|naniarchar]] and [[Lakshmichhari Upazila|lakshmichhari]] upazilas on the south, [[Langadu Upazila|langadu]] and Naniarchar upazilas on the east, [[Matiranga Upazila|matiranga]] and [[Ramgarh Upazila|ramgarh]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 50757; male 26359, female 24398; Muslim 13662, Hindu 5348, Buddhist 31465, Christian 230 and others 52.

Water bodies' Chengi River and Nunchhari Debota Pukur are notable.

''Administration'' Mahalchhari Thana, now an upazila, was formed in 1906.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 5 || 13 || 196 || 10249 || 40508 || 202 || 61.7 || 39.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 23.31 || 1 || 10249 || 440 || 61.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Kayangghat 15 || 12800 || 4095 || 3846 || 41.9
|-
| Mahalchhari 31 || 10880 || 8647 || 7700 || 52.7
|-
| Maschhari 47 || 9600 || 5697 || 5503 || 43.2
|-
| Mubachhari 63 || 12160 || 3561 || 3378 || 48.0
|-
| Sindukchhari 79 || 16000 || 4359 || 3971 || 28.0
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Mahalchhari Thana Bhaban, Chengi Bridge, Chitta Mandir, Nunchhari Devata Pukur (pond).

''War of Liberation'' On 25 April 1971, about 45 freedom fighters including Major Mir Shawkat Ali and Captain Aftabul Kader of East Bengal regiment took position at Mahalchhari hilly area. On 26 April an encounter was held between the freedom fighters and the secessionist Mizos in which 15 freedom fighters including Captain Kader were killed.

For details: see মহালছড়ি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৭।

[[Image:MahalchhariUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 28, temple 7, Buddhist vihara 58.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 44.4%; male 50.9%, female 37.4%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 5, primary school 52, satellite school 12, community school 3, madrasa 1.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, press club 1, stadium 1, town hall 1, cinema hall 2, playground 23.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 66.75%, non-agricultural labourer 6.68%, industry 0.42%, commerce 9.95%, transport and communication 3.35%, service 8.88%, construction 0.52%, religious service 0.09%, rent and remittance 0.07% and others 6.4%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 51.35%, landless 48.65%; agricultural landowner: urban 33.27% and rural 56.6%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, turmeric, potato, pumpkin, ginger, hilly arum.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Apple, kaju nut, cotton.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, pineapple, litchi, papaya, lemon, orange, wood apple.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 43 km, semi-pucca road 32 km, mud road 220 km; waterway 36 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Saw mill, rice mill, ice factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, weaving, wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 3, fairs 2, most noted of which are Mahalchhari Bazar, Debalchhari Bazar and Maschhari Bazar.

''Main exports'' Turmeric, jackfruit, pineapple.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 28.1% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 64.7%, tap 0.9% and others 34.4%.

''Sanitation'' 33.5% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 60.0% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 6.5% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health centre 1, family planning centre 3, homeopathic treatment centre 5.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Proshika|proshika]]. [Mongchen Ching]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Mahalchhari Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:মহালছড়ি উপজেলা]]

Lakshmichhari Upazila

2023-10-28T06:47:49Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Lakshmichhari Upazila''' ([[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari district]]) area 220.14 sq km, located in between 22°38' and 22°53' north latitudes and in between 91°58' and 92°05' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Mahalchhari Upazila|mahalchhari]] and [[Ramgarh Upazila|ramgarh]] upazilas on the north, [[Kawkhali Upazila (Rangamati District)|kawkhali]] ([[Rangamati District|rangamati]]) and [[Fatikchhari Upazila|fatikchhari]] upazilas on the south, [[Naniarchar Upazila|naniarchar]] and Mahalchhari upazilas on the east, [[Manikchhari Upazila|manikchhari]] and Fatikchhari upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 25994; male 13384, female 12610; Muslim 4662, Hindu 653, Buddhist 20638, Christian 28 and others 13. Indigenous communities such as [[Santals, The|santal]], [[Chakmas, The|chakma]] and [[Marma, The|marma]] belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Dhurung canal is notable.

''Administration'' Lakshmichhari Thana was turned into an upazila on 7 November 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 3 || 16 || 134 || 2087 || 23907 || 99 || 64.8 || 32.4
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 7.77 || 1 || 2087 || 269 || 64.8
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Dulyatali 47 || 15360 || 3878 || 3735 || 31.0
|-
| Barmachhari 23 || 17920 || 3385 || 3279 || 27.8
|-
| Lakshmichhari 71 || 21120 || 6121 || 5596 || 42.0
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:LakshmichhariUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Shilachhari Buddhist Vihara, Masterpara Buddhist Keyang, Major Para Buddhist Keyang and tomb of Shilachhari Sundarshah.

''War of Liberation'' There had been no formal training camp for freedom fighters in the upazila but the local people supporting the War of Liberation took part in resistance against Pak army and provided support to freedom fighters, many of whom had the training in other parts of the country, in their operations in the upazila.

For details: see লক্ষ্মীছড়ি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৯।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 9, temple 3, tomb 1, keyang 34.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 35.2%; male 43.1%, female 26.7%. Educational institutions:' college 1, secondary school 4, primary school 23, madrasa 4. Noted educational institutions:' Lakshmichhari College (2002), Lakshmichhari High School (1978).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 14, playground 3.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 84.08%, non-agricultural labourer 4.22%, commerce 5.18%, service 3.07%, construction 0.48%, religious service 0.21%, rent and remittance 0.09% and others 2.67%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 59.40%, landless 40.60%; agricultural landowner: urban 30.08% and rural 62.10%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, turmeric, ginger, sugarcane, barley, arahar, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Kaun.

''Main fruits'' Banana, papaya, pineapple, jackfruit.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 20 km, semi-pucca road 7 km, mud road 162 km.

''Noted manufactories'' Saw mill, rice mill, brick-field.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, weaving, wood work, cane work, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 3, fair 1, most noted of which are Lakshmichhari Bazar, Dulyatali Bazar and Lakshmichhari Adibasi Mela.

''Main exports'' Banana, jackfruit, papaya, wood and bamboo.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 14.3% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 21.8%, tap 0.1% and others 78.1%.

''Sanitation'' 18.5% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 57.3% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 24.2% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, union health centre 1.

''Natural disasters'' The cyclone of 29 April 1991 caused heavy damages to settlements, crops, livestock and forestry of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], Alo, Grameen Shakti. [Md. Saiful Islam]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of' Lakshmichhari Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:লক্ষ্মীছড়ি উপজেলা]]

Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila

2023-10-28T06:44:25Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila''' ([[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari district]]) area 297.91 sq km, located in between 23°00' and 23°21' north latitudes and in between 91°55' and 92°00' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Panchhari Upazila|panchhari]] upazila on the north, [[Mahalchhari Upazila|mahalchhari]] upazila on the south, [[Dighinala Upazila|dighinala]] and [[Langadu Upazila|langadu]] upazilas on the east, [[Matiranga Upazila|matiranga]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 111833; male 58366, female 53467; Muslim 36599, Hindu 28590, Buddhist 44574, Christian 2049 and others 21. Indigenous communities such as [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Marma, The|marma]], [[Tripuris, The|tripura]] and Tanchanga' belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main river: Chengi.

''Administration'' Bemrachai Chowdhury established the Khagrachhari Town in 1860. Khagrachhari Thana was formed in 1968 and it was turned into an upazila in 1984.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 5 || 13 || 246 || 69434 || 42399 || 375 || 56.3 (2001) || 45.2
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 13.04 (2001) || 9 || 71 || 47278 || 2981 (2001) || 71.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 50.25 (2001) || 3 || 22156 || 362 (2001) || 48.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Kamalchhari 47 || 14020 || 6953 || 6690 || 54.1
|-
| Khagrachhari 63 || 7680 || 4662 || 4475 || 48.8
|-
| Golabari 25 || 2304 || 5667 || 5324 || 49.2
|-
| Perachhara 75 || 10114 || 5655 || 5510 || 48.1
|-
| Bhaibonchhara 15 || 26880 || 9846 || 9773 || 37.2
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
''Historical events'' A group of armed cadre of the Shanti Bahini formally surrendered their arms (consequent upon the [[Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord, 1997|chittagong hill tracts peace accord]][[Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord, 1997|, 1997]]) at the Khagrachhari Stadium on 10th February 1998 and returned back to normal life after nearly two decades of insurgency.

''War of Liberation'' The biggest encounter of the freedom fighters of the upazila with the Pak army during the War of Liberation is known as the Khagrachhari operation carried out by a joint troop of two companies of the Indian allied forces and about 130 freedom fighters. More than 30 Pakistani soldiers were dead and/or wounded in the encounter and being defeated, the fled from the area.

For details: see খাগড়াছড়ি সদর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ২।

''Religious institutions'' Khagrachhari Jami Mosque, Baitul Sharaf Jami Mosque, Lakshmi Narayan Mandir (1939), Shiva Mandir, Khagrapur Church.

[[Image:KhagrachhariSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 57.1%; male 63.2%, female 50.4%. Noted educational institutions: Khagrachhari Government College (1974), Khagrachhari Government High School (1957), Khagrachhari North Khobongpodia Government Primary School (1905).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 38, theatre group 1, women's organisation 12, stadium 1, cinema hall 1, tribal cultural institute 1.

''Tourists spots'' Alu Tila, Kamvanga, Bhanga Mura.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 42.43%, non-agricultural labourer 12.51%, commerce 11.97%, transport and communication 2.38%, service 17.64%, construction 1.80%, religious service 0.28%, rent and remittance 0.27% and others 10.72%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, ginger, turmeric, potato, nut, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Varieties of paddy.

''Main fruits'' Mango, blackberry, jackfruit, pineapple, papaya, banana, litchi.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Poultry 12.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 145 km, semi-pucca road 70 km, mud road 175 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart, elephant cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Saw mill, ice factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, weaving, potteries, wood work, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 3, fairs 2, most noted of which are Khagrachhari Bazar and Shiva Mela.

''''Main exports'' ' Banana, pineapple, jackfruit, papaya.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 52.0% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 78.3%, tap 1.7% and others 20.0%.

''Sanitation'' 61.9% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 35.4% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 2.7% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Hospital 1, health centre 5, family planning centre 3, maternity clinic 1, diagnostic centre 9.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]]. [Suvra Jati Chakma]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:খাগড়াছড়ি সদর উপজেলা]]

Dighinala Upazila

2023-10-28T06:39:13Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Dighinala Upazila''' ([[Khagrachhari District|khagrachhari district]]) area 694.11 sq km, located in between 23°04' and 23°44' north latitudes and in between 91°56' and 92°11' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Tripura|tripura]] state of India on the north, [[Langadu Upazila|langadu]] upazila on the south, [[Baghaichhari Upazila|baghaichhari]] upazila on the east, [[Panchhari Upazila|panchhari]] and [[Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila|khagrachhari sadar]] upazilas and Tripura state on the west. Golamoon, Karmi Mura, Lutiban, Kuradia hills are notable.

''Population'' Total 103392; male 53054, female 50338; Muslim 34641, Hindu 9650, Buddhist 58679, Christian 416 and others 6. Indigenous communities such as [[Chakmas, The|chakma]], [[Santals, The|santal]], [[Tripuris, The|tripura]], [[Marma, The|marma]] belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main river: Maini.

''Administration'' Dighinala Thana was formed in 1916 and it was turned into an upazila in 1984.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="10" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 5 || 22 || 245 || 15610 || 87782 || 149 || 62.4 || 43.2
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km

|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 10.36 || 1 || 15610 || 1507 || 62.4
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Kabakhali 63 || 11520 || 8048 || 7573 || 49.2
|-
| Dighinala 47 || 10880 || 6660 || 6533 || 46.2
|-
| Babuchhara 15 || 53120 || 7311 || 6795 || 40.1
|-
| Boalkhali 31 || 7680 || 10620 || 9863 || 56.6
|-
| Merung 79 || 56320 || 20415 || 19574 || 41.5
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:DighinalaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]
''War of Liberation'' There had been no direct encounter with the Pak army in the upazila during the War of Liberation. However, the freedom fighters fought against the razakars, mujahids, mizos and Pakistani soldiers at the beginning of December, 1971 and forced them to flee from the area.

For details: see দীঘিনালা উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৪।

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 46.2%; male 52.9%, female 39.1%. Educational institutions: Dighinala Government College, Dighinala Government High School, Dighinala Model Girls' School, Hashinpur High School, Anath Ashram Abashik High School, Babuchhara High School, Udal Bagan High School, Rasik Nagar Dakhil Madrasa.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 65.53%, non-agricultural labourer 8.51%, commerce 9.70%, service 5.01%, construction 0.42%, religious service 0.20%, rent and remittance 0.10% and others 10.53%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 46.96%, landless 53.04%; agricultural landowner: urban 25.85% and rural 50.57%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, ginger, garlic, mustard, nut, sesame, potato, vegetables.

''Main fruits'' Banana, jackfruit.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Poultry 6.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 108 km, semi-pucca road 109 km, mud road 280 km; waterway 5 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, saw mill.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, weaving, wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Dighinala, Babuchhara and Kalyanpur bazars are notable.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 31.1% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 65.9%, tap 0.5% and others 33.6%.

''Sanitation'' 33.6% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 61.2% of dwelling houses use non-sanitary latrines; 5.2% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1. [Atikur Rahman]

''References'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Dighinala Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:দীঘিনালা উপজেলা]]

Ukhia Upazila

2023-10-28T06:34:59Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Ukhia Upazila''' ([[Cox’s Bazar District|cox’s Bazar district]]) area 261.80 sq km, located in between 21°08' and 21°21' north latitudes and in between 92°03' and 92°12' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Ramu Upazila|ramu]] upazila on the north, [[Teknaf Upazila|teknaf]] upazila on the south, [[Arakan|arakan]] state of Myanmar and [[Naikhongchhari Upazila|naikhongchhari]] upazila on the east, the [[Bay of Bengal|bay of bengal]] on the west.

''Population'' Total 207379; male 104567, female 102812; Muslim 189821, Hindu 4340, Buddhist 13000, Christian 31 and others 187. Indigenous community such as [[Chakmas, The|chakma]] belongs to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Naf River|naf]]; Reju Canal is notable.

''Administration'' Ukhia Thana was formed in 1926 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 5 || 13 || 54 || 27317 || 180062 || 792 || 40.5 || 35.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)

|
Mouza

|
Population

|
Density 
(per sq km)

|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 18.32 || 1 || 27317 || 1491 || 40.5
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Jalia Palong 31 || 6474 || 24540 || 23116 || 33.6
|-
| Palong Khali 79 || 33442 || 16508 || 16335 || 34.3
|-
| Ratna Palong 63 || 5108 || 11167 || 11357 || 48.2
|-
| Raja Palong 47 || 9735 || 28663 || 28232 || 36.9
|-
| Haldia Palong 15 || 16699 || 23689 || 23772 || 33.6
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Zadimura Buddhist Vihara (Raja Palong union); Painyasia Jami Mosque, Ukhia Central Jami Mosque, Kali Mandir at Ukhia sadar.

''War of Liberation'' During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] in 1971, the Pak-soldiers killed the headmaster of Ukhia Ghumdhum Junior School Mohammad Ilias Master and some local people. The freedom fighters fought against the Pakistan army and their collaborators in Ukhia Thana operation and the Haldia-Patabari Purikkhya Rajakar Camp operation.

For details: see উখিয়া উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ১।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 256, temple 44, pagoda 92.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 36.3%; male 38.0%, female 34.5%. Noted educational institutions: Ukhia Degree College (1991), Ratna Palong Multilateral Girls' High School (1957), Ukhia Multilateral Girls' High School (1957), Ukhia Model Primary School (1922), Raja Palong Emdadul Ulum Fazil Madrasa (1930).

[[Image:UkhiaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''Cultural organisations'' Club 12, cinema hall 1, playground 12.

Tourists spots' 18 Km long Enani Sea Beach, Stupa of Tek Pathar (Patua).

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 54.40%, non-agricultural labourer 10.61%, industry 0.36%, commerce 15.05%, transport and communication 3.40%, service 0.34%, construction 1.45%, religious service 0.34%, rent and remittance 1.46% and others 12.95%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, pulse, sugarcane, spices, jute, cotton, betel leaf, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame, linseed, mustard.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, pineapple, papaya, betel nut, coconut, banana.

Fisheries, dairies and poultries Fishery 8, hatchery 10.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 94 km, semi-pucca road 108 km, mud road 284 km; waterway 15 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill 135, flour mill 85, ice mill 2.

''Cottage industries'' Blacksmith 25, weaving 80, brass and bell metal work 9, bamboo and cane work 431, embroidery 54,' potteries 11.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 5, fair 1, most noted of which are Ukhia Bazar, Rumkhan Bazar, Kot Bazar, Marichha Bazar, Kalkhali Bazar and Baishakhi Mela.

''Main exports'' Betel leaf, betel nut, coconut.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 23.2% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 82.7%, tap 0.8% and others 16.5%.

''Sanitation'' 34.1% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 43.6% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 22.3% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 5, union health centre 4.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Proshika|proshika]], [[ASA|asa]], CARE, [[Caritas|caritas]].'

[Towhid Hossain Chowdhury]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Ukhia Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:উখিয়া উপজেলা]]

Teknaf Upazila

2023-10-28T06:30:57Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Teknaf Upazila''' ([[Cox’s Bazar District|cox’s Bazar district]]) area 388.66 sq km, located in between 20°23' and 21°09' north latitudes and in between 92°05' and 92°23' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Ukhia Upazila|ukhia]] upazila on the north, the [[Bay of Bengal|bay of bengal]] on the south, [[Arakan|arakan]] state of Myanmar on the east, the Bay of Bengal on the west. Teknaf upazila, located on the south east extremity of Bangladesh, is 86 km on the south of Cox's Bazar Town.

''Population'' Total 264389; male 133106, female 131283; Muslim 258245, Hindu 2967, Buddhist 3089, Christian 9 and others 79.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Naf River|naf]].

''Administration'' Teknaf Thana was formed in 1930 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 6 || 12 || 146 || 51440 || 212949 || 680 || 29.93 (2001) || 23.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="6" | Municipality
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 4.05 (2001) || 9 || 16 || 25056 || 4338 (2001) || 40.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="6" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 31.53 (2001) || 1 || 26384 || 591 (2001) || 34.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Teknaf 63 || 25018 || 24076 || 23632 || 31.1
|-
| Baharchhara 15 || 3783 || 14481 || 14324 || 22.6
|-
| Sabrang 47 || 16486 || 29126 || 29232 || 16.9
|-
| Whykong 79 || 31582 || 25296 || 25567 || 28.0
|-
| Nhilla 31 || 17125 || 23360 || 23536 || 28.5
|-
| St.Martin Dwip 39 || 835 || 3471 || 3232 || 18.6
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:TeknafUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Buddhist temple (Naitong Hill), Mathiner Kup (well of Mathin, 1854), Kana Rajar tunnel.

''War of Liberation'' In 1971 the freedom fighters used to get arms training from Teknaf and the nearby country Myanmar. During the war of liberation the Pak army established a camp at the Teknaf Dakbangalow. They used to abduct innocent people from RAMU, Ukhia and Teknaf and tortured them to death at this camp. The Pak army killed about 250 Bangalis in this camp. There is a mass killing site at Naitang Para of the upazila.

For details: see টেকনাফ উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৪।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 183, temple 7, buddhist keyang 11. Noted religious institutions: Teknaf Bara Mosque, Aliyabad Jami Mosque, Teknaf Bishnu Mandir, Teknaf Buddhist Vihara, Chowdhuripara Buddhist Vihara at Qila.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 26.7%; male 29.7%, female 23.6%. Noted educational institutions: Teknaf Government Primary School (1890), Teknaf Pilot High School (1945).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Defunct: Naf kantha.

''Cultural organisations'' Club 50, cinema hall 1, playground 11.

''Tourist spots'' St. Matin's Island (It is located 12 km from the main land and is the only coral island of Bangladesh). St. Martin's Island is comprised with four islands such as Zinzira, Dakshin Para, Chhalchhira and Bechhadia. The total area of the island is 4.8 km).

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 44.95%, non-agricultural labourer 6.51%, commerce 21.88%, transport and communication 1.96%, service 4.27%, construction 0.79%, religious service 0.36%, rent and remittance 2.46% and others 16.82%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 27.34%, landless 72.66%; agricultural landowner: urban 18.86% and rural 29.28%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, betel leaf, potato.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Arahar, onion, mustard, wheat.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, banana, papaya, coconut, betel nut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 255 (shrimp cultivation), demonstration shrimp farm and training centre 1, dry fish farm 6, poultry 8, hatchery 7.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 80.49 km, semi-pucca road 74.39 km, mud road 358.26 km; waterway 28 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Ice factory 3, salt mill 1.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith 153, blacksmith 50, potteries 150, bamboo, cane and wood work 525, tailoring 250.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 13, fairs 1, most noted of which are Sabrang Hat, Shah Parir Dwip Hat, Whykong Bazar and Qila Bazar.

''Main exports'' Betel nut, betel leaf, fish, salt.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 25.5% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 78.7%, tap 1.1% and others 20.2%.

''Sanitation'' 44.4% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 42.2% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 13.4% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 2, family planning centre 3, cholera hospital 1.

''Natural disasters'' Many people were victims of the cyclones of 29 April 1991 and 30 May 1997. Besides, these natural disasters also caused heavy damages to settlements, livestock and other properties of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], Red Crescent Society. [Md. Mainuddin]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Teknaf Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:টেকনাফ উপজেলা]]

Ramu Upazila

2023-10-28T06:26:34Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Ramu Upazila''' ([[Cox’s Bazar District|cox’s Bazar district]]) area 391.71 sq km, located in between 21°17' and 21°36' north latitudes and in between 92°00' and 92°15' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Chakaria Upazila|chakaria]] and [[Cox’s Bazar Sadar Upazila|cox’s bazar sadar]] upazilas on the north, [[Naikhongchhari Upazila|naikhongchhari]] and [[Ukhia Upazila|ukhia]] upazilas on the south, Naikhongchhari upazila on the east, Cox's Bazar Sadar and the [[Bay of Bengal|bay of bengal]] on the west.

''Population'' Total 266640; male 135000, female 131640; Muslim 248766, Hindu 8745, Buddhist 8916, Christian 44 and others 169.

''Water bodies'' Main river: Bakkhali.

''Administration'' Ramu Thana was formed in 1908 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 11 || 39 || 102 || 42072 || 224568 || 681 || 47.2 || 34.5
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 22.03 || 3 || 42072 || 1910 || 47.2
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Idgar 28 || 12865 || 9105 || 9210 || 34.7
|-
| Kachhapia 47 || 10770 || 14310 || 14026 || 32.9
|-
| Kauarkhop 66 || 6144 || 12024 || 11980 || 33.7
|-
| Khuniapalong 57 || 19018 || 18497 || 17818 || 28.1
|-
| Garjania 19 || 15929 || 11232 || 11419 || 33.0
|-
| Chakmarkul 13 || 1802 || 8686 || 7752 || 46.1
|-
| Joarianala 38 || 8411 || 13621 || 13702 || 33.6
|-
| Dakshin Mithachhari 85 || 10088 || 13166 || 12832 || 36.0
|-
| Fatekharkul 15 || 2435 || 15608 || 14961 || 52.8
|-
| Rashid Nagar 70 || 4245 || 8369 || 8169 || 35.8
|-
| Rajarkul 76 || 5087 || 10382 || 9771 || 37.0
|}

''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:RamuUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Hindu Temple and Buddhist Keyang at Ramkot, Buddhist Keyang at Lamarpara.

''War of Liberation'' About 50 freedom fighters of the upazila took part in a direct encounter with the Pakistani soldiers at Idgarh on 25 November 1971. 16 Pakistani soldiers were killed and among the freedom fighters, one was martyred and 5 were injured.

For details: see রামু উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৯।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 282, temple 16, keyang and pagoda 20. Noted religious institutions: Ramu Jami Mosque, Eidgah Bazar Mosque, Ramkot Hindu Temple, Shree Shree Ramdevi Purna Mandir, Ramkot Buddhist Keyang, Lamarpara Buddhist Keyang.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 36.6%; male 37.8%, female 35.3%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 38, primary school 82, kindergarten 6, madrasa 19. Noted educational institutions: Ramu Khijari Model High School (1914).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, club 14, cultural organisation 2, playground 13, women organisation 7.

''Tourist spots'' Ramkot (Hindu and Buddhist sacred place), Rubber Garden, Thoienga Chowdhury Keyang at Lamarpara.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 47.01%, non-agricultural labourer 12.52%, industry 0.82%, commerce 13.06%, transport and communication 2.99%, service 5.10%, construction 1.10%, religious service 0.25%, rent and remittance 0.75% and others 16.40%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 33.41%, landless 66.59%; agricultural landowner: urban 32.67% and rural 37.46%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, potato, pulse, onion, garlic, ginger, betel leaf, rubber, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sugarcane, sesame, linseed, mustard, cotton, jute.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, pineapple, banana, papaya, coconut, betel nut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 15, dairy 2, poultry 8, hatchery 10.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 15.36 km, semi-pucca road 69.9 km, mud road 367.92 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, flour mill, saw mill, ice factory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, bell metal work, brass work, bamboo work, cane work, wood work, tailoring.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 32, fairs 2, most noted of which are Ramu Bazar, Kauarkhop Bazar, Panirchhara Bazar, Garjania Bazar, Eidgar Bazar, Joaria Nala Bazar, Fakir Hat Bazar and Ramkot Mela.

''Main exports'' Betel leaf, betel nut, coconut, banana, papaya, jackfruit, pineapple, shrimp, rubber.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 23.7% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 97.6%, tap 1.7% and others 0.7%.

''Sanitation'' 51.4% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 31.4% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 17.2% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 2, family planning centre 9, clinic 2.

''Natural disasters'' Many people were victims of the cyclone of 1991. Besides, it also caused heavy damages to settlements, livestock and crops of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Proshika|proshika]], [[ASA|asa]], CARE, [[Caritas|caritas]]. [Muhammad Tawhid Hossain Chowdhury]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Ramu Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:রামু উপজেলা]]

Pekua Upazila

2023-10-28T06:22:45Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Pekua Upazila''' ([[Cox’s Bazar District|cox’s Bazar district]]) area 139.61 sq km, located in between 21°43' and 21°54' north latitudes and in between 91°53' and 92°02' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Banshkhali Upazila|banshkhali]] and [[Chakaria Upazila|chakaria]] upazilas on the north, [[Maheshkhali Upazila|maheshkhali]] upazila on the south, Chakaria upazila on the east, Kutubdia Channel on the west.

''Population'' Total 171538; male 86310; female 85228; Muslim 170005, Hindu 1383, Christian 6, Buddhist 142 and others 2. Indigenous communities such as Magh and Roai belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Kutubdia Channel and [[Matamuhuri River|matamuhuri]] river are notable.

''Administration'' Pekua upazila was formed on 23 April 2002 comprising 7 unions (Ujantia, Pekua, Taitong, Bara Bakia, Magnama, Rajakhali, Shilkhali) of Chakaria upazila.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 7 || 12 || 125 || 29182 || 142356 || 1229 || 39.0 || 34.5
|}
{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="5"| Upazila Town
|-
| Area (sq km) || Mouza || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 18.64 || 1 || 29182 || 1566 || 39.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Ujantia 78 || 7073 || 7344 || 7050 || 19.1
|-
| Pekua 83 || 7266 || 22712 || 22581 || 37.7
|-
| Taitong 96 || 5056 || 14827 || 14441 || 27.6
|-
| Bara Bakia 11 || 3469 || 9146 || 9284 || 41.4
|-
| Magnama 78 || 5302 || 11051 || 11037 || 32.1
|-
| Rajakhali 89 || 4377 || 13112 || 12771 || 37.6
|-
| Shilkhali 11 || 1975 || 8118 || 8064 || 50.1
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:PekuaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''War of Liberation'' There had been no direct encounter of the freedom fighters with the Pak army in the upazila. However, the freedom fighters of the upazila fought against them in many adjacent upazilas of Cox’s Bazar and neighbouring districts. One of their groups fought at Jamizuri of Dohazari area and killed 13 Pakistani soldiers. 3 freedom fighters were martyred in the fight.

For details: see পেকুয়া উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৬।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 253, temple 9, keyang 1.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 35.3%; male 35.6%, female 35.0%. Educational institutions: college 1, technical college 1, secondary school 11, primary school 40, satellite school 7, community school 4, orphanage 13, madrasa 269. Noted educational institutions: Pekua GMC Institution (1938), Shilkhali High School (1968), Pekua Government Primary School (1918).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 78, women society 55, playground 1.

Important installations' This upazila has a number of cyclone shelters.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 62.01%, non-agricultural labourer 7.42%, industry 0.66%, commerce 10.18%, transport and communication 1.16%, service 4.27%, construction 0.43%, religious service 0.21%, rent and remittance 1.74% and others 11.92%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 37.81%, landless 62.19%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, potato, mustard, chilli, sugarcane, wheat, ground-nut, betel leaf, vegetables.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, litchi, banana, papaya, pineapple, guava, lemon.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fish landing station 15, dairy 3, poultry 15.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 50 km, semi-pucca road 124 km, mud road 145 km; Bridge 37, culvert 108.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, saw mill, salt industry, fish processing industries, printing press, bakery.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 17, most noted of which are Rajakhali Alek Shah Bazar and Pekua Hat.

''Main exports'' Shrimp, salt, ground-nut, fish, betel leaf, vegetables.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 8.7% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 86.5% and others 13.5%.

''Sanitation'' 71.5% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 22.4% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 6.1% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 1, family planning centre 3, hospital 2.

''Natural disasters'' Many people of this upazila were victims of the cyclone and tidal bore of 29 April 1991; these natural disasters also caused heavy damages to livestock and crops of the upazila. Besides, the devastating cyclone of 19 May 1997 also caused heavy damages to properties of the area.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]]. [Nilufa Yasmin]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Pekua Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:পেকুয়া উপজেলা]]

Maheshkhali Upazila

2023-10-28T06:13:43Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Maheshkhali Upazila''' ([[Cox’s Bazar District|cox’s Bazar district]]) area 362.18 sq km, located in between 21°28' and 21°46' north latitudes and in between 91°51' and 91°59' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Chakaria Upazila|chakaria]] upazila on the north, [[Cox’s Bazar Sadar Upazila|cox’s bazar sadar]] upazila and [[Bay of Bengal|bay of bengal]] on the south, Chakaria and Cox's Bazar Sadar upazilas on the east, [[Kutubdia Upazila|kutubdia]] upazila and Bay of Bengal on the west.

''Population'' Total 321218; male 165693, female 155525; Muslim 301858, Hindu 16647, Buddhist 2682, Christian 6 and others 25.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: Kohalia; Maheshkhali Channel, Boddar Canal, Noachi Canal, Koria Canal are notable.

'''Administration'' Maheshkhali Thana was turned into an upazila on 15 December 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 8 || 29 || 151 || 27321 || 293897 || 887 || 43.7 || 29.5
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area
(sq km)

|
Ward

|
Mahalla

|
Population

|
Density (per sq km)

|
Literacy rate (%)

|-
| 7.70 || 9 || 28 || 27321 || 3548 || 43.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Kalarmarchhara 59 || 7174 || 25615 || 23653 || 33.1
|-
| Kutubjom 62 || 7527 || 15766 || 14871 || 25.7
|-
| Chhota Maheshkhali 18 || 2722 || 13312 || 11943 || 22.9
|-
| Dhalghata 23 || 494 || 6688 || 6189 || 31.7
|-
| Bara Maheshkhali 11 || 3706 || 23466 || 21602 || 34.2
|-
| Matarbari 71 || 6682 || 22801 || 22136 || 27.7
|-
| Saflapur 83 || 34077 || 17461 || 16807 || 27.2
|-
| Hoanak 47 || 9195 || 26515 || 25072 || 29.9
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:MaheshkhaliUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' [[Adinath Temple|adinath temple]] (Mainak Hill, Gorakghata Union).

''War of Liberation'' During the period of the War of Liberation, the Pakistan army and their local collaborators came to the upazila on 6 May 1971 and heavily tortured and killed many local people and also had burnt down the Buddhist monastery. They also carried out mass killings in 8-9 different places of the upazila including a village of the Rakhine community.

For details: see মহেশখালী উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৭।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 210, temple 26, buddhist keyang 6.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 30.8%; male 30.5%, female 31.1%. Educational institutions: college 10, secondary school 33, primary school 70, kindergarten 12, madrasa 33. Noted educational institutions: Maheshkhali College (1985), Maheshkhali Government Vernacular School (1923), Maheshkhali Model High School (1946).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Maheshkhali Barta, Alor Dwip.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 13.

''Amusement centres or tourists spots'' Adinath Temple, Mainak Hill, Sonadia Island, keyang of the [[Rakhain, The|rakhain]].

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 61.92%, non-agricultural labourer 7.26%, commerce 15.46%, transport and communication 1.49%, service 2.74%, construction 0.56%, religious service 0.20%, rent and remittance 0.45% and others 9.92%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 33.23%, landless 66.77%; agricultural landowner: urban 20.93% and rural 33.94%.'

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Pearl production.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, litchi, banana, papaya, coconut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' This upazila has a number of fisheries, dairies and poultries.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 92.98 km, semi-pucca road 150 km, mud road 200 km; waterway 70 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Salt industry, fish processing industry, flour mill, ice mill.

''Cottage industries'' Weaving, potteries, handicrafts.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 15, fair 1, most noted of which are Gorakghata Bazar, Bara Maheshkhali Bazar, Kalarmarchhara Bazar, Time Bazar and Adinath Mela.

''Main exports'' Salt, shrimp, sea-fish, dry fish.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 25.6% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 89.5%, tap 0.4% and others 10.1%.

''Sanitation'' 28.0% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 52.1% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 19.9% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 1, union health and family planning centre 6, pathology' 4.

''Natural disasters'' Many people were victims of the cyclone and tidal bore of 29 April 1991. It also caused heavy damages to settlements, livestock and other crops of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[Caritas|caritas]], Christian Commission Development in Bangladesh, Prism Bangladesh. [Mohammad Jasim Uddin]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Maheshkhali Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:মহেশখালী উপজেলা]]

Kutubdia Upazila

2023-10-28T06:08:43Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Kutubdia Upazila''' ([[Cox’s Bazar District|cox's Bazar district]]) area 215.79 sq km, located in between 21°43' and 21°56' north latitudes and in between 91°50' and 91°54' east longitudes. It is bounded by the [[Bay of Bengal|bay of bengal]] on the north, west and south, Kutubdia Channel, [[Banshkhali Upazila|banshkhali]], [[Pekua Upazila|pekua]] and [[Maheshkhali Upazila|maheshkhali]] upazilas on the east.

''Population'' Total 125279; male 64093, female 61186; Muslim 117322, Hindu 7902, Buddhist 5, Christian 2 and others 48.

''Water bodies'' [[Bay of Bengal|bay of bengal]],' Kutubdia Channel are notable.

''Administration'' Kutubdia Thana was formed in 1917 and it was turned into an upazila on 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 6 || 9 || 55 || 25488 || 99791 || 581 || 37.9 || 33.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 9.98 || 1 || 25488 || 2454 || 37.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Ali Akbar Deil 13 || 2610 || 11434 || 11070 || 38.7
|-
| Uttar Dhurung 81 || 2850 || 14263 || 13772 || 29.2
|-
| Kaiyarbil 54 || 892 || 6570 || 6375 || 21.6
|-
| Dakshin Dhurung 40 || 1486 || 8836 || 8443 || 30.4
|-
| Baraghop 27 || 1415 || 13143 || 12345 || 37.9
|-
| Lemsikhali 67 || 2068 || 9847 || 9181 || 42.0
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Kutubdia Bati Ghar (light house) at Dakshin Dhurang, Kalarma Mosque, tomb of Kutub Aulia.

''War of Liberation'' Pakistani army did not enter Kutubdia during the War of Liberation and there had been no direct fight of the freedom fighters with them in the upazila. However, when the local people came to know that the US Navy’s 7th Fleet was heading towards Bangladesh, they gathered at the sea beach with arms and ammunition to resist them. A memorial monument has been built at Ghatkul Para of the upazila.

For details: see কুতুবদিয়া উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ২।

''Religious institutions'' Ek Hatia Fakirer Mosque, Kalarma Mosque, Maharaja Kazir Mosque, Tomb of Kutub Aulia.

[[Image:KutubdiaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 34.0%; male 34.8%, female 33.2%. Noted educational institutions: Kutubdia High School (1938), Durung High School (1948).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Darpan (1986), Balichar (1983), Kutubdia Barta (1993).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, press club 1.

''Tourists spots'' Kutubdia Bati Ghar.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 63.27%, non-agricultural labourer 6.23%, commerce 13.13%, transport and communication 1.31%, service 4.47%, construction 0.69%, religious service 0.27%, rent and remittance 0.23% and others 10.40%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 44.02%, landless 55.98%; agricultural landowner: urban 43.90% and rural 44.05%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, potato.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Kaun.

''Main fruits'' Mango, banana, papaya, plum, watermelon, coconut, betel nut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Shrimp project.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 34.5 km, semi-pucca 76.05 km, mud road 133.25 km; waterway 65 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, saw mill, salt mill, ice factory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 12, most noted of which are Bara Ghop Bazar, Dhurung Bazar.

''Main exports'' Fish, salt.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 7.8% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Natural gas, sulphur, ceramic clay, black sand.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 95.2%, tap 0.66% and others 2.89%.

''Sanitation'' 79.4% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 16.4% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 4.2% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 4, family planning centre 6.

''Natural disasters'' Due to geographical location Kutubdia is a natural disaster prone area. A huge number of people were victims of the tidal bore of 1569, earthquake of 1762, tornado of 1795, Mahapralaya (tsunami) of 1872, tidal bore of 1897 (it is popularly known as 'Maghir Tufan' or cyclone held in the month of Magh, BS), tornado of 1905, tidal bores of 1960, 1970 and 1991, etc. Besides, these natural disasters also caused heavy damages to settlements, livestock and crops of the upazila. About 10000 people were victims of the tidal bore on 29 April 1991; during this event, a large part of the upazila was submerged in the Bay of Bengal.'

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGO is [[BRAC|brac]]. [Md Wajed Ali Kutubi]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Kutubdia Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:কুতুবদিয়া উপজেলা]]

Cox’s Bazar Sadar Upazila

2023-10-28T06:02:28Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Cox's Bazar Sadar Upazila''' ([[Cox’s Bazar District|cox's bazar district]]) area 118.80 sq km, located in between 21°24' and 21°36' north latitudes and in between 91°59' and 92°08' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Chakaria Upazila|chakaria]] upazila on the north, [[Bay of Bengal|bay of bengal]] and [[Ramu Upazila|ramu]] upazila on the south, Ramu upazila on the east, [[Maheshkhali Upazila|maheshkhali]] upazila, Maheshkhali channel and Bay of Bengal on the west.

''Population'' Total 338760; male 180934, female 157826; Muslim 308132, Hindu 24282, Buddhist 5764, Christian 93 and others 489.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Bakkhali River|bakkhali]].

''Administration'' Cox's Bazar Thana was established in 1854 and it was turn into a town committee in 1959. The town committee was again replaced by municipality in 1972. It was turned into an upazila in 1983. The municipality was elevated to B-grade from C-grade in 1989.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 5 || 8 || 82 || 167477 || 171283 || 2852 || 54.68 (2001) || 44.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 6.85 (2001) || 12 || 95 || 167477 || 7579 (2001) || 55.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Khurushkul 59 || 5848 || 21524 || 19740 || 42.0
|-
| Chaufaldandi 22 || 3635 || 14447 || 14349 || 41.1
|-
| Jhilwanja 47 || 7695 || 21243 || 21079 || 52.7
|-
| Patali Machhuakhali 71 || 6723 || 18107 || 18413 || 41.3
|-
| Bharuakhali 20 || 3787 || 11334 || 11047 || 46.0
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:Cox'sBazarSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Cox's Bazar Buddhist Pagoda, Agvamedha Buddhist Keyang, single-domed mosque in Jhilwanja union (twelfth century).

''War of Liberation'' During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] in 1971, the Pak-soldiers killed a number of people including the veteran lawyer Jnanendralal Chowdhury at a place behind the old rest house in the town. They also killed two Freedom Fighters by gunshot at Badar Mokam area. A memorial monument was built behind the old rest house of the town in the memory of those who died in the War of Liberation.

For details: see Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation Bangla Version, Vol. 2), Cox’s Bazar Sadar Upazila.

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 296, temple 21, pagoda 17, church 5, tomb 5. Noted religious institutions: Cox's Bazar Central Jami Masjid, Badar Mokam Jami Masjid, Bara Bazar Jami Masjid, Idgaon Bazar Central Jami Mosque, Cox's Bazar Kalibari Mandir, Cox's Bazar Saraswati-bari Mandir, tombs of Shah Alauddin, Maulana Nurul Haque (Dula Fakir), Petan Shah, Kalu Shah, Mozaher Shah.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 44.6%; male 53.6%, female 50.9%. Noted educational institutions: Cox's Bazar Government College (1962), Cox's Bazar Government High School (1874), Idgaon Ideal High School (1928), Maizpara Government Primary School (1930), Cox's Bazar Hasemiah Alia Madrasa (1952).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Saikat, Cox's Bazar, Ajker Desh-bidesh, Dainandin, Maer Desh; weekly: Swadesh Bani; defunct: Daily Himchhari, Daily Bakkhali, Weekly Cox's Bazar, Weekly Cox's Bazar Barta, Weekly Sagar-bani, Weekly Sagar-kantha.

''Cultural organisations'' Club 21, library 2, literary society 1, women's organisation 2, theatre group 1, cinema hall 3, playground 10.

''Tourist spots and special attractions'' The longest sea beach of the world is located at Cox's Bazar. The green surroundings with the mangrove forests on the beach is also notable. Most of the areas of the upazila are covered with hills and tilas. There are different types of valuable trees including Shal, Mehogani, Garjan, Rubber and rare orchid in the hill areas. Besides, the rudder station is located on the hill top adjacent to the Circuit House. Since Cox's Bazar is a great tourist resort various establishments have developed here including six big hotels of which a three star hotel has been established on government initiatives, 30 medium size and 50 semi-medium size hotels, Jhenuk Market and the Burmese Market where luxury goods coming from China, Burma, Thailand through the border.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 34.01%, non-agricultural labourer 5.97%, commerce 23.82%, transport and communication 2.94%, service 10.07%, construction 2.11%, religious service 0.30%, rent and remittance 4.95% and others 15.83%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 31.68%, landless 68.32%; agricultural landowner: urban 36.27% and rural 29.88%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, potato, betel leaf, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sweet potato, sugarcane, kaun, arahar.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, papaya, banana, pineapple, betel nut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 250, dairy 24, poultry 197, shrimp cultivation 226, shrimp hatchery 20.

''Communication facilities'' Roads: pucca 155 km, semi-pucca 50 km, mud road 831 km; waterway 1395 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin.

''Noted manufactories'' Garments industry, fish processing industry, fish feed mill, salt mill, ice factory, flour mill, rice mill, saw mill, printing press, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, weaving, potteries, conch industry, wood work, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 8, fairs 3, most noted of which are Bangla Bazar, Time Bazar, Chaufaldandi Bazar, Idgaon Bazar, Balikhela Mela and Baishakhi Mela.

''Main exports'' Betel leaf, betel nut, jackfruit, banana, papaya, pineapple, timber, frozen shrimp, dry fish.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 54.0% dwellings have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Zircon, ilmenite, kyanite, rutile, magnetite, monazite.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 88.2%, tap 8.1% and others 3.7%.

''Sanitation'' 61.9% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 31.5% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 6.6% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Hospital 1, upazila health complex 1, maternity centre 1, TB clinic 1, family planning centre 1.

''NGO activities'' Gana Swasthya Kendra, [[BRAC|brac]], [[Caritas|caritas]], [[ASA|asa]], Ananda, [[Proshika|proshika]], Bangla-German Sampriti, World Vision, MSF (Holand). [Badiul Alam]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Cox's Bazar Sadar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:কক্সবাজার সদর উপজেলা]]

Chakaria Upazila

2023-10-28T05:56:56Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Chakaria Upazila''' ([[Cox’s Bazar District|cox’s bazar district]]) area 503.83 sq km, located in between 21°34' and 21°55' north latitudes and in between 91°54' and 92°54' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Lohagara Upazila (Chittagong District)|lohagara]] and [[Banshkhali Upazila|banshkhali]] upazilas on the north, [[Cox’s Bazar Sadar Upazila|cox’s Bazar Sadar]] and [[Ramu Upazila|ramu]] upazilas on the south, Lama and [[Naikhongchhari Upazila|naikhongchhari]] upazilas on the east, [[Maheshkhali Upazila|maheshkhali]] and [[Pekua Upazila|pekua]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 474465; male 239198, female 235267; Muslim 442799, Hindu 26142, Buddhist 4207, Christian 1265 and others 52. Indigenous communities such as Mag, [[Marma, The|marma]], Murong and [[Chakmas, The|chakma]] belong to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' The upazila is surrounded by [[Matamuhuri River|matamuhuri]], Bara Matamuhuri, Maheshkhali and Kutubdia Channel.

''Administration'' Chakaria Thana was formed in 1793 and it was turned into an upazila in April 1983

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 18 || 48 || 212 || 72669 || 401796 || 942 || 61.3 || 45.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 15.76 || 9 || 23 || 72669 || 4611 || 61.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Kayar Beel 61 || 1970 || 9688 || 9771 || 43.3
|-
| Kakhara 55 || 10585 || 11427 || 11402 || 45.8
|-
| Konakhali 69 || 2781 || 8479 || 9440 || 33.9
|-
| Khuntakhali 67 || 19249 || 17212 || 16876 || 45.7
|-
| Chiringa 27 || 7829 || 7955 || 7790 || 43.0
|-
| Dulahazara 33 || 10501 || 21642 || 21262 || 49.5
|-
| Demusia 31 || 2462 || 6067 || 6299 || 38.6
|-
| Paschim Bara Bheola 94 || 6017 || 4413 || 4392 || 51.3
|-
| Purba Bara Bheola 39 || 2143 || 14622 || 13626 || 49.5
|-
| Faisakhali 44 || 4405 || 12588 || 12549 || 44.7
|-
| Baraitali 16 || 6501 || 18268 || 17317 || 51.6
|-
| Badarkhali 10 || 4380 || 15677 || 15287 || 40.2
|-
| Bamo Bilchhari 12 || 3505 || 4336 || 4235 || 50.9
|-
| Bheola Manik Char 22 || 6321 || 9947 || 10004 || 37.2
|-
| Lakhyarchar 72 || 1224 || 4029 || 4040 || 57.0
|-
| Surajpur Manikpur 55 || 3738 || 5812 || 5826 || 46.3
|-
| Saharbil 80 || 10249 || 10125 || 9755 || 51.6
|-
| Harbang 50 || 17099 || 19583 || 20055 || 44.0
|}

''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ChakariaUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Tomb of Shah Umar, Sat-gumbad Masjid of Fazl Quke at Manikpur (1873).

''War of Liberation'' During the War of Liberation the Pak army shot 13 villagers dead and burnt more than one hundred houses and shops in different places of the upazila. A memorial monument was built in the memory of Shaheed Abdul Hamid, who died in the War of Liberation.

For details: see চকরিয়া উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৩।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 455, temple 52, church 3, pagoda 16.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 47.6%; Male 47.9%, Female 47.4%. Educational institutions: college 4, secondary school 34, primary school 153, satellite school 19, madrasa 983. Noted educational institutions: Chakaria Govt. High School (1919), Chakaria Multilateral Adarsha High School, Manikpur Burmese Govt. Primary School (1828), Harbang Govt. Primary School (1884), Pekua Government Primary School (1918), Saharbil Anwarul Ulum Senior Madrasa (1918).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Weekly: Chakori, fortnightly: Mehdi.

''Cultural organisations'' Club 52, literary organisation 3, women's organisation 22, theatre group 2, playground 50.

''Tourist spots'' Dulahazara Safari Park, Chakaria Sundarban, Dulahazara Deer Breeding Centre, Dighi of Bir Kamala.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 53.09%, non-agricultural labourer 7.80%, industry 0.75%, commerce 15.01%, transport and communication 2.94%, service 6.7%, construction 1.1%, religious service 0.24%, rent and remittance 1.13% and others 11.24%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 34.30%, landless 65.70%; agricultural landowner: urban' 25.95% and rural 35.19%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, potato, mustard, sweet potato, chili, corn, sugarcane, wheat, peanut, betel leaf, tobacco, cauliflower, tomato, cabbage, brinjal, lady's finger, barbati, felon.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Lentil, gram, kaun, linseed.'

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, litchi, banana, papaya, pine-apple, guava, lemon, watermelon.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' This upazila has a number of fisheries, dairies and poultries.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 40.65 km, semi-pucca road 204 km, mud road 432.02 km; waterway 60 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Horse carriage, bullock cart,.

''Noted manufactories'' Flour mill, rice mill, saw mill, ice factory, salt factory, printing press, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, fish preservation centre, bamboo work, wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 39, fairs 1, Rajakhali Alek Shah Bazar, Pekua Hat, Badarkhali Hat, Khuta-khali Hat, Magh Bazar and Chakariar Ghor-daur Mela are notable.

''Main exports'' Shrimp, salt, tobacco, peanut, mustard, flour, watermelon, wood.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 37.3% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 90.8%, tap 1.4% and others 7.8%.

''Sanitation'' 56.2% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 37.7% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 6.1% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Heath centres'' Upazila health centre 1, satellite clinic 6, family planning centre 7, hospital 2.

''Natural disasters'' The devastating cyclone and the tidal bore of 29 April 1971 caused serious damages to the upazila with a death of 16705 persons.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], CARE, [[Caritas|caritas]], [[Proshika|proshika]], [[ASA|asa]], The Hunger Project. [Zakerullah Chakori]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Chakaria Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:চকোরিয়া উপজেলা]]

Shahrasti Upazila

2023-10-28T05:47:06Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Shahrasti Upazila''' ([[Chandpur District|chandpur district]]) area 154.81 sq km, located in between 23°08' and 23°17' north latitudes and in between 90°51' and 91°02' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Kachua Upazila (Chandpur District)|kachua]] upazila on the north, [[Chatkhil Upazila|chatkhil]] and [[Ramganj Upazila|ramganj]] upazilas on the south, [[Laksham Upazila|laksham]] and [[Barura Upazila|barura]] upazilas on the east, [[Hajiganj Fort|hajiganj]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 229118; male 106700, female 122418; Muslim 219873, Hindu 9222, Buddhist 3, Christian 4 and others 16.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Dakatia River|dakatia]].

''Administration'' Shahrasti Thana was formed in 1978 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 9 || 152 || 163 || 28287 || 200831 || 1480 || 67.0 || 62.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 15.65 || 9 || 17 || 28287 || 1807 || 67.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| West Chitasi 20 || 3844 || 11124 || 12323 || 63.1
|-
| East Chitasi 15 || 3827 || 8718 || 10302 || 73.7
|-
| Tamta Dakshin 95 || 3916 || 22781 || 25202 || 58.4
|-
| Uttar Meher 60 || 1560 || 6952 || 7982 || 46.0
|-
| Dakshin Meher 65 || 1871 || 6070 || 7369 || 60.9
|-
| Uttar Roysree 80 || 3340 || 8309 || 9984 || 72.4
|-
| Dakshin Roysree 82 || 3496 || 8812 || 10862 || 72.0
|-
| Uttar Suchi Para 85 || 4075 || 10904 || 12060 || 59.6
|-
| Dakshin Suchi Para 90 || 4448 || 9335 || 11742 || 55.6
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ShahrastiUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Tomb and mosque of Shahrasti (R), Dinbandhu Asrama, Sarbananda Thakur Asrama, Kali Mandir, Chowdhury Bari Fort at Nij Meher Sahapur, Maths at Naora, Paranpur and' Barulia, Tomb of Bagdadi Shah Sharif (R).

''War of Liberation'' During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] in 1971 battle was fought between the allied forces and the Pak army at a place on the eastern side of Naora, Suchi Para and at Unkila near Belpur. 13 member of the allied forces and 35 Pak soldiers were killed in these battles. Freedom fighters had encounters with Pak army at Noringpur Bazar, Khilabazar, Mollar daroza, Sheti narayanpur, Uarok Bazar, Unkila Bazar and other places of the upazila.

For details: see শাহরাস্তি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৯।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 300, temple 5, tomb 2, sacred place 1.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 62.7%; male 61.1%, female 64.0%. Noted educational institutions: Warukh Rahmania High School (1899), Dhamra High School (1913), Unkila High School (1917), Mehar High School (1919), Shahrasti Multilateral High School (1914), Cheriara High School (1919), Chitasi RM High School (1930), Nunia Islamia Senior Madrasa (1931).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Darpan and Probaho (periodical); fortnightly: Shahrasti (defunct).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, club 23, cinema hall 1, playground 34.

''Tourists spots'' Shahrasti (R) Dighi, Naora Math.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 42.07%, non-agricultural labourer 4.31%, industry 0.74%, commerce 13.81%, transport and communication 2.79%, service 16.70%, construction 1.34%, religious service 0.47%, rent and remittance 7.46% and others 10.31%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 62.87%, landless 37.13%; agricultural landowner: urban 54.81% and rural 63.99%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, potato, sugarcane.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Kaun, china, linseed, sesame, pea, 'jute, mustard.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, blackberry, banana, papaya.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 12, dairy 5, poultry 49, hatchery 2.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 141 km, mud road 554 km; railway 16 km; waterway 13 km. Railstation 4.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, cocoon work, wood work, tailoring, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 15, fairs 2, most noted of which are Thakur Bazar, Warukh Bazar, Suchi Para Bazar and Maheswari Kali Bari Mela.

''Main exports'' Paddy, sugarcane, potato.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 55.8% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 93.9%, tap 1.4% and others 4.7%.

''Sanitation'' 60.3% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 37.2% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 2.5% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 2, family planning centre 9.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]]. [Farid Ahmed Mazumder]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Shahrasti Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:শাহরাস্তি উপজেলা]]

Matlab Uttar Upazila

2023-10-28T05:40:59Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Matlab Uttar Upazila''' ([[Chandpur District|chandpur district]]) area 260.29 sq km, located in between 23°19' and 23°30' north latitudes and in between 90°34' and 90°45' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Daudkandi Upazila|daudkandi]] and [[Gazaria Upazila|gazaria]] upazilas on the north, [[Matlab Dakshin Upazila|matlab dakshin]] and [[Chandpur Sadar Upazila|chandpur sadar]] upazilas on the south, Daudkandi and Matlab Dakshin upazilas on the east, [[Munshiganj Sadar Upazila|munshiganj sadar]] and [[Bhedarganj Upazila|bhedarganj]] upazilas' on the west.

''Population'' Total 292057; male 140753, female 151304; Muslim 272932, Hindu 19123, Christian 1 and others 1.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Meghna River|meghna]], [[Gumti River|gumti]], Dhonagoda.

''Administration'' Matlab Thana, now an upazila, was formed in 1918. On 30 April 2000 Matlab upazila was divided into two such as Matlad Uttar and Matlab Dakshin upazilas.

{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 (Sengarchar) || 14 || 135 || 251 || 36691 || 255366 || 1122 || 59.2 || 53.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 27.23 || 9 || 41 || 36691 || 1347 || 59.2
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Islamabad 25 || 3155 || 6927 || 7905 || 48.3
|-
| Eklaspur 21 || 5001 || 7213 || 7088 || 50.2
|-
| Kalakanda 32 || 3219 || 4927 || 5027 || 61.4
|-
| Gajra 23 || 2151 || 7375 || 6937 || 61.4
|-
| Jahirabad 30 || 2935 || 6140 || 6043 || 49.4
|-
| Durgapur 15 || 5711 || 10758 || 12466 || 50.3
|-
| Paschim Fatehpur 94 || 3922 || 8218 || 9911 || 54.2
|-
| Purba Fatehpur 21 || 3984 || 9448 || 11007 || 55.6
|-
| Farajikandi 13 || 5704 || 15740 || 18112 || 46.6
|-
| Baganbari 11 || 3992 || 9253 || 10263 || 54.8
|-
| Mohanpur 38 || 4900 || 9717 || 9491 || 59.3
|-
| Satnal 73 || 2653 || 9824 || 9160 || 56.8
|-
| Sadullapur 64 || 4387 || 9217 || 10267 || 57.1
|-
| Sultanabad 90 || 3871 || 7903 || 9029 || 53.9
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:MatlabUttarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archeological heritage and relics'' Ludhua Zamindar Bari, Al-Wayesia Mosque at Farajikandi, Kalakanda Mosque, Mazar of Lengta Fakir at Badarpur, Mandir and Rath at Naori.

''War of Liberation'' In 1971, the toal area of the northern part of former Matlab upazila (now Matlab Uttar) was under the control of the freedom fighters. A few encounters were held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army attempting to enter the upazila. During the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] a hospital was established in the upazila for treatment of the wounded freedom fighters. There is a mass grave at Horina of the upazila and a memorial monument at Chandrakandi has been built.

For details: see মতলব উত্তর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৭।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 401, temple 69, tomb 1.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 54.4%; male 55.8%, female 53.1%. Educational institutions: college 5, secondary school 40, primary school 152, madrasa 7. Noted educational institutions: Ludhua School and College, Nischintapur High School and College, Kalipur High School and College, Charkalia High School (1921), Dhonagoda Taltali High School, Eklaspur High School, Nauri Ahamadia High School, Jibangaon General Hoque High School, Sengarchar High School, Baganbari Ideal Academy, Farajikandi Al Waeasia Madrasa (Nedaye Islam).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, theatre group 2, cinema hall 1, club 150.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 50.40%, non-agricultural labourer 1.68%, industry 0.70%, commerce 15.42%, transport and communication 2.12%, service 16.42%, construction 1.02%, religious service 0.26%, rent and remittance 3.58% and others 8.40%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 66.82%, landless 33.18%; agricultural landowner: urban 75.72% and rural 65.65%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, potato, jute, sugarcane, mustard seeds, linseed.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame.

''Main fruits'' Mango, blackberry, jackfruit, guava, coconut, papaya, jamrul, amra and kamranga.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 2090, dairy 20, poultry 30, hatchery 1.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 199 km, semi pucca road 18.59 km, mud road 504 km; waterway 65 km, launch ghat 16.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart.

''Manufactories'' Cold storage 3.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, bamboo works.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 22, fairs 8, most noted of which are Kalikur Bazar, Kalir Bazar, Dasher Bazar, Naya Bazar, Sengarchar Mela, Beltali Mela, Boalia Rath Mela and Badarpur Mela.

''Main exports'' Potato, fish, jute.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 45.2% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 96.9%, tap 0.2% and others 2.9%.

''Sanitation'' 89.1% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 9.9% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 1.0% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, union satellite clinic 6, family welfare centre 14, clinic 4.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]]. [Masum Patwari]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Matlab Uttar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:মতলব উত্তর উপজেলা]]

Matlab Dakshin Upazila

2023-10-28T05:36:29Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Matlab Dakshin Upazila''' ([[Chandpur District|chandpur district]]) area 129.32 sq km, located in between 23°15' and 23°26' north latitudes and in between 90°40' and 90°50' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Matlab Uttar Upazila|matlab uttar]] and [[Daudkandi Upazila|daudkandi]] upazilas of [[Comilla District|comilla]] district on the north, [[Chandpur Sadar Upazila|chandpur sadar]] and [[Hajiganj Upazila|hajiganj]] upazilas on the south, [[Kachua Upazila (Chandpur District)|kachua]] upazila (Chandpur district) on the east and Matlab Uttar on the west.

''Population'' Total 210050; male 97728, female 112322; Muslim 188980, Hindu 20973, Christian 40 and others 55.

''Water bodies'' Main river: Dhonagoda.

''Administration'' Matlab Thana, now an upazila, was formed in 1918. On 30 April 2000 Matlab upazila was divided into two such as Matlad Uttar and Matlab Dakshin upazilas.

{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 6 || 77 || 97 || 59286 || 150764 || 1624 || 63.0 || 54.2
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 30.92 || 9 || 31 || 59286 || 1917 || 63.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Uttar Upadi 60 || 4065 || 10626 || 13291 || 54.7
|-
| Dakshi Upadi 86 || 3715 || 10096 || 12388 || 59.6
|-
| Khadergaon 34 || 3455 || 9254 || 11090 || 54.0
|-
| Uttar Nayergaon 56 || 3234 || 9420 || 10425 || 60.1
|-
| Dakshi Nayergaon 82 || 4047 || 12666 || 13635 || 52.2
|-
| Narayanpur 43 || 5801 || 17615 || 20258 || 49.2
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:MatlabDakshinUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Neel Kuthi at Munsifdi and Baraduara at Kashimpur.

''War of Liberation'' Freedom fighters of the upazila had encounters with Pak army at Lalar Hatkhola, Baradia Arong Bazaar, Nagdar and other palces of the upazila. 26 Pakistani soldiers were killed in the encounter at Lalar Hatkhola. There is a sculpture has been founded in the upzila.

For details: see মতলব দক্ষিণ উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৭।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 265, temple 36. Noted religious institutions: Matlab Bazar Mosque, Narayanpur Bazar Mosque, Dhanarpar Mosque, Upadi Buddhist Math.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 56.7%; male 56.9%, female 56.6%. Educational institutions: college 4, secondary school 28, primary school 88, madrasa 16. Noted educational institutions: Matlab Degree College (1964), Boalia High School (1917), Matlabganj JB Pilot High School, Aushinpur High School, Boaliapur Girls' High School, Narayanpur High School, Hazrat Shah Jalal High School, Payali KBM High School, Munshir Hat High School, Kachiara Girls' High School, Naogaon High School, Kashimpur Purana High School, Kalikapur High School, Lamchari High School, Bahari High School, Matlab Ideal School.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, theatre group 3, cinema hall 2, club 165.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 48.07%, non-agricultural labourer 2.02%, industry 0.84%, commerce 15.85%, transport and communication 2.19%, service 11.23%, construction 1.91%, religious service 0.32%, rent and remittance 3.78%' and others 13.79%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 67.86%, landless 32.14%; agricultural landowner: urban 53.28% and rural 73.65%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, potato, jute, sugarcane, mustard seeds and linseed.

''Exrinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame.

''Main fruits'' Mango, blackberry, jackfruit, guava, coconut, papaya, jamrul, amra and kamranga.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 1940, dairy 11, poultry 16.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 56.7 km, semi pucca road 56.9, mud road 56.6; waterway 10 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, etc.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 18, most noted of which are Narayanpur Hat, Nayergaon Hat, Munshir Hat, Matlabganj Bazar, Master Bazar and Arong Bazar.

''Main exports'' Potato, jute, fish.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 49.5% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 87.8%, tap 6.0% and others 6.2%.

''Sanitation'' 63.6% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 32.2% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 4.2% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Hospital 1, upazila health complex 1, clinic 7.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]], [[Proshika|proshika]]. [Masum Patwari]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Matlab Dakshin Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:মতলব দক্ষিণ উপজেলা]]

Kachua Upazila (Chandpur District)

2023-10-28T05:25:14Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Kachua Upazila''' ([[Chandpur District|chandpur district]]) area 235.81 sq km, located in between 23°15' and 23°24' north latitudes and in between 90°48' and 91°01' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Chandina Upazila|chandina]] and [[Daudkandi Upazila|daudkandi]] upazilas on the north, [[Shahrasti Upazila|shahrasti]] and [[Hajiganj Upazila|hajiganj]] upazilas on the south, [[Barura Upazila|barura]] and Chandina upazilas on the east, [[Matlab Dakshin Upazila|matlab dakshin]] and Hajiganj upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 382139; male 180736, female 201403; Muslim 356729, Hindu 25368, Buddhist 26, Christian 9 and others 7.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: Kachua, Kalichhari; Boaljuri and Batakashi canals are notable.

''Administration'' Kachua Thana was formed in 1918 and it was turned into an upazila on 20 July 1983.
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 12 || 159 || 232 || 27024 || 355115 || 1621 || 63.3 || 53.0
|}

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)

|
Ward

|
Mahalla

|
Population

|
Density 
(per sq km)

|
Literacy rate 
(%)

|-
| 11.23 || 9 || 20 || 27024 || 2406 || 63.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Ashrafpur 13 || 5777 || 17016 || 19504 || 55.1
|-
| Uttar Kachua 39 || 4102 || 12712 || 14524 || 45.2
|-
| Uttar Gohat 23 || 3612 || 13161 || 14579 || 55.0
|-
| Karaia 63 || 6466 || 20359 || 22894 || 60.7
|-
| Kadla 55 || 5677 || 14841 || 17243 || 63.5
|-
| Dakshin Kachua 47 || 2623 || 8917 || 9885 || 51.5
|-
| Dakshin Gohat 31 || 3581 || 13380 || 15127 || 55.4
|-
| Paschim Sahadebpur 94 || 4593 || 12288 || 14036 || 49.5
|-
| Pathair 79 || 3662 || 10758 || 11966 || 50.3
|-
| Purba Sahadebpur 87 || 4186 || 11354 || 12685 || 39.8
|-
| Bitara 15 || 7323 || 19031 || 20911 || 53.8
|-
| Sachar 71 || 4183 || 13548 || 14396 || 46.0
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:KachuaUpazilaChandpur.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Bakhtiar Khan Jami Mosque (Ujani, 1107 AH), Jami Mosque at village Palgiri, Dighi and pata (stone slab) of Behula, temple of Sree Sree Jagannath Dev at Sachar (1870), Dighi at Saharpar (Rahimanagar), Manasa Mura, Math at Tulatali (sixteenth century).

''War of Liberation'' On 14 September 1971 the local rajakars attacked the Raghunathpur Bazar and killed one freedom fighter and 14 innocent civilians. Operations during the War of Liberation were carried out in the upazila by the joint command of FF and BLF and the notable among the many encounters between the freedom fighters and Pak army that took place in the upazila were those at Raghnathpur and Sadoipura. A memorial monument has been built at Raghunathpur.

For details: see কচুয়া উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ২।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 443, temple 49, tomb 10, sacred place 1.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 53.8%; male 53.1%, female 54.4%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 32, primary school 226, NGO school 49, madrasa 17. Noted educational institutions: Sachar High School (1916), Kachua Pilot Government High School (1937), Nischintapur DS Kamil Madrasa (1958), Chandpur Polytechnic Institute (2005).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Fortnightly: Kachua Kantha.

''Cultural organisations'' Club 89, library 2, theatre group 2, women organisation 13, playground 32. Kachua Public Library and Dr. Muhammod Mansur Uddin Smriti Pathagar are notable.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 52.47%, non-agricultural labourer 3.53%, industry 0.76%, commerce 12.74%, transport and communication 3.99%, service 9.95%, construction 2.07%, religious service 0.52%, rent and remittance 4.96% and others 9.01%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 64.59%, landless 35.41%; agricultural landowner: urban 57.37% and rural 65.07%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, potato, mustard, sesame.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Jute, kaun, arahar.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, pineapple, banana, plum.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' This upazila has a number of fisheries, dairies and poultries.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 257 km, semi-pucca road 10 km, mud road 789 km; waterway 45 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart, horse carriage.

''Noted manufactories'' Flour mill, cold storage, ice factory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, bidi factory, cocoon industry, bamboo and wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 32, fairs 10, most noted of which are Kachua, Rahimanagar, Sachar, Jagatpur, Darbeshganj and Charabhanga bazars, Harisavar Mela at Naula, Aingiri Mela, Goht Mela, Karaia Battala Mela and Meghdai Mela.

''Main exports'' Plum, banana, potato.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 55.1% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 93.5%, tap 1.1% and others 5.4%.

''Sanitation'' 57.4% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 39.7% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 2.9% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health centre 1, family planning centre 12.

''Natural disasters'' The cyclone of 1974 caused heavy damages to the properties of a number of villages of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[Asa|asa]], [[BRAC|brac]], Uddipan, BARD, the Good Earth.
[Habibunnabi Shariful Haque Shajee]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Field report of Kachua Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:কচুয়া উপজেলা (চাঁদপুর জেলা)]]

Hajiganj Upazila

2023-10-28T05:14:27Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Hajiganj Upazila''' ([[Chandpur District|chandpur district]]) area 189.90 sq km, located in between 23°12' and 23°20' north latitudes and in between 90°45' and 90°55' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Kachua Upazila (Chandpur District)|kachua]] and [[Matlab Dakshin Upazila|matlab]] [[Matlab Dakshin Upazila|dakshin]] upazilas on the north, [[Faridganj Upazila|faridganj]] and [[Ramganj Upazila|ramganj]] upazilas on the south, [[Shahrasti Upazila|shahrasti]] upazila on the east, [[Chandpur Sadar Upazila|chandpur sadar]], Matlab Dakshin and Chandpur Sadar upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 330477; male 156944, female 173533; Muslim 309177, Hindu 21278, Buddhist 1, Christian 16 and others 5.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Dakatia River|dakatia]],' Kachua; noted canals are Khodai, Boaljuri, Sonapur, Shoilkhali.

''Administration'' Hajiganj Thana was formed in 1868 and it was turned into an upazila on 15 April 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 11 || 122 || 149 || 69434 || 261043 || 1740 || 53.72 (2001) || 59.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 16.09 (2001) || 12 || 18 || 63892 || 2660 (2001) || 66.2
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 3.94 (2001) || 2 || 5542 || 1950 (2001) || 68.4
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Uttar Kalocho 50 || 3642 || 12752 || 12087 || 55.9
|-
| Dakshin Kalocho 55 || 4011 || 13422 || 16020 || 58.7
|-
| Uttar Gandharabpur 25 || 4193 || 9761 || 11388 || 53.2
|-
| Dakshin Gandharbapur 30 || 3734 || 8774 || 10528 || 63.7
|-
| Paschim Barkul 20 || 2286 || 7888 || 9051 || 58.5
|-
| Purba Barkul 18 || 3890 || 12597 || 13713 || 60.8
|-
| Uttar Rajargaon 70 || 4542 || 13314 || 16139 || 61.4
|-
| Bakila75 || 3762 || 12230 || 13776 || 61.7
|-
| Hajiganj 35 || 5608 || 17417 || 19260 || 58.8
|-
| Pachim Hatila 60 || 2191 || 6994 || 7805 || 60.7
|-
| Hatila Purba 65 || 4065 || 10060 || 11609 || 58.3
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:HajiganjUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Firozpur Mosque (1343 AD), one doomed mosque at village Suhilpur, an old bridge on the Shailkhali Canal (sixteenth century), five doomed mosque at Alipur (1692), Hajiganj Bara Mosque, Math at Bakila, homestead of Hari Shaha at Balakhali, altar engraved with Bishnu statue at Alipur, Akhra of Laxmi Narayan Jeu, Dariya Hayat (pond), Dighi at Sreepur, Mazar of Ali Ekabbar Shah (R), Alamgiri Mosque at Alipur.

''War of Liberation'' On 12 May 1971 the Pak army killed 50 innocent persons at village Kashimpur. On 23 October the Pak army also killed about 50 persons at Laukara. They set many houses on fire. The freedom fighters conducted a counter attack in which 17 Pak soldiers were killed and so were two freedom fighters. A tomb was built on the graves of the martyred freedom fighters and also, there is a memorial monument in the upazila.

For details: see হাজীগঞ্জ উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ১০।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 498, temple 56, church 1, sacred place 1, Noted religious institutions: Hajiganj Bara Mosque, Mada Khan Mosque (Aliganj).

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 60.6%; male 59.4%, female 61.7%. Educational institutions: college 12, Primary Teachers Training Institute (PTI), 1, secondary school 26, primary school 135, community school 20, madrasa 43. Noted educational institutions: Hajiganj Degree College (1969), Hajiganj Model Pilot High School and College (1916), Hajiganj Model College (1986), Balakhal Jogendra Narayan High School (1930), Bakila High School (1930), Hajiganj Pilot Girls' High School (1972), Bakila Fazil Madrasa (1905).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Weekly: Hajiganj (1994), Manab Samaj 2002).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1, cinema hall 2, theatre 1, women's organisation 2, club 10, playground 23.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 37.94%, non-agricultural labourer 4.26%, industry 0.69%, commerce 17.74%, transport and communication 2.90%, service 14.98%, construction 2.97%, religious service 0.51%, rent and remittance 6.77% and others 11.24%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 61.21%, landless 38.79%; agricultural landowner: urban 43.60% and rural 64.43%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, jute, wheat, potato, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sweet potato, sesame, linseed, mustard, nut, kaun,' pulse, china.

''Main fruits'' Jackfruit, coconut, mango.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 64, dairy 2, poultry 71, hatchery 5.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 118 km, mud road 469 km; waterway 13 km; railway 13 km. Railway station 2.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart, donga (small boat made of palm tree).

''Noted manufactories'' Jute mill 1, rice mill 104, saw mill 27, bakery 21, bidi factory 2, press 6, brick field 5, welding factory 15.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith 95, potteries 65, wood work 201, bamboo work 105, embroidery 250.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 28, fairs 4; Hajiganj, Rampur, Rajargaon, Ramchandrapur, Chengatali and Bakila bazaars and Aliganj, Barkul, Belghar-Rajapur, Balakhal fairs are notable.

''Main exports'' Jute, Jute made products.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 61.7% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 88.9%, tap 6.1% and others 5.0%. The presence of intolerable level of arsenic has been detected in 99% shallow tube-well water of the upazila.

''Sanitation'' 57.7% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 39.6% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 2.7% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite health centre 3, family and health welfare centre 10, clinic 4, diagnostic centre 15.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are[[BRAC| brac]], [[ASA|asa]], [[Proshika|proshika]]. [Md. Tofael Ahmed Sheikh]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Hajiganj Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:হাজীগঞ্জ উপজেলা]]

Haimchar Upazila

2023-10-28T05:08:42Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Haimchar Upazila''' ([[Chandpur District|chandpur district]]) area 134.16 sq km, located in between 23°00' and 23°10' north latitudes and in between 90°32' and 90°42' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Chandpur Sadar Upazila|chandpur sadar]] and [[Bhedarganj Upazila|bhedarganj]] upazilas on the north, [[Hizla Upazila|hizla]] upazila on the south, [[Raipur Upazila|raipur]] and [[Faridganj Upazila|faridganj]] upazilas on the east, [[Gosairhat Upazila|gosairhat]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 109575; male 53651, female 55924; Muslim 104862, Hindu 4671, Christian 15 and others 27.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Meghna River|meghna]].

''Administration'' Haimchar Thana was formed in 1976 and it was turned into an upazila in 1984.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 6 || 28 || 65 || 8847 || 100728 || 817 || 54.0 || 47.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 4.84 || 1 || 8847 || 1828 || 54.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Uttar Algi Durgapur 11 || 5003 || 13669 || 15344 || 55.2
|-
| Dakshin Algi Durgapur 23 || 4730 || 16269 || 17525 || 56.8
|-
| Gazipur 59 || 2789 || 1901 || 1728 || 37.1
|-
| Char Bhairabi 35 || 2569 || 7338 || 7201 || 54.5
|-
| Nilkamal 71 || 10551 || 10747 || 10336 || 27.6
|-
| Haimchar 47 || 7512 || 3727 || 3790 || 27.5
|}

''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:HaimcharUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Three domed mosque and ancient graveyard at Bhingulia.

''War of Liberation'' The activities in the War of Liberation at the upazila were carried out through a naval commando unit formed with local freedom fighters and the unit had been busy in mostly resisting the movement of war ships, gunboats and water vessels carrying supplies for the Pak army along the rivers. The freedom fighters also had encounters with Pak army at Bakharpur and some places of the upazila.

For details: see হাইমচর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ১০।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 151, temple 18, tomb 4, sacred place 1. Noted religious institutions: Char Bhairabi Jami Mosque, Khandaker Bari Mosque, Jagannath Bari Mandir (Haimchar), Shree Shree Hari Mandir (Char Bhairabi) and Shree Shree Raskhakali Mandir.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 48.1%; male 48.1%, female 48.2%. Educational institutions: college 1, secondary school 10, primary school 60, madrasa 26. Noted educational institutions: Charbhanga High School (1910), Bajapti Ramani Mohan High School (1918), Nilkamal Osmania High School (1928), Haimchar Government Girls' High School, Haimchar Government Boys' High School, MJS Girls' High School, KVN High School, Durgapur High School, Char Bhairabi High School, Charsholdi KB Government Primary School (1837).

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, theatre group 1, cinema hall 3, club 29, women's organisation 1.'

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 64.37%, non-agricultural labourer 3.22%, industry 0.63%, commerce 15.01%, transport and communication 1.52%, service 6.54%, construction 0.86%, religious service 0.32%, rent and remittance 0.11% and others 7.42%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 50.14%, landless 49.86%; agricultural landowner: urban 33.18% and rural 52.50%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, jute, wheat, betel leaf, onion, garlic, sayabin, potato, karalla.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Kaun, sesame, linseed, mustard, sweet potato, tobacco, kalijira, arahar and khesari (pulse).

''Main fruits'' Jackfruit, betel nut, mango, blackberry, banana, palm, wood-apple, papaya, amra, chalta, shaddock,, plum, coconut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 127, artificial breeding centre 1,' poultry 10, nursery 14.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 73 km, semi-pucca 2.71 km, mud road 229 km; waterway 60 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, saw mill, ice factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, cane work, bamboo work, wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 14, fairs 4, most noted of which are Char Bhairabi, Haimchar and Katakhali Bazar, Baishakhi Mela, Paush Parban Mela and Rath Mela.

''Main exports'' Jute, betel leaf, onion, garlic, coconut,' betel nut, karalla, fish.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 37.9% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 92.3%, tap 0.3% and others 7.4%.

''Sanitation'' 50.8% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 45.4% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 3.8% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family welfare centre 2, satellite clinic 1.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[Caritas|caritas]], [[BRAC|brac]], Disha. [Md. Mahbubur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Haimchar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:হাইমচর উপজেলা]]

Faridganj Upazila

2023-10-28T05:04:34Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Faridganj Upazila''' ([[Chandpur District|chandpur district]]) area 232.22 sq km, located in between 23°03' and 23°14' north latitudes and in between 90°41' and 90°53' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Chandpur Sadar Upazila|chandpur sadar]] and [[Hajiganj Upazila|hajiganj]] upazilas on the north, [[Raipur Upazila|r]][[Raipur Upazila|ai]][[Raipur Upazila|pur]] upazila on the south, [[Ramganj Upazila|ramganj]] upazila on the east, [[Haimchar Upazila|haimchar]] and Chandpur Sadar upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 396683; male 182360, female 214323; Muslim 377886, Hindu 18630, Buddhist 5, Christian 73 and others 89.

''Water bodies'' [[Dakatia River|dakatia]] river and Guptir Beel are notable.

''Administration'' Faridganj Thana, now an upazila, was formed on 7 October 1918.'

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 15 || 161 || 161 || 35090 || 361593 || 1708 || 60.1 || 57.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 19.69 || 9 || 21 || 35090 || 1782 || 60.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Uttar Gobindapur 41 || 3828 || 11169 || 13417 || 52.2
|-
| Uttar Paikpara 65 || 3933 || 11322 || 14029 || 64.3
|-
| Uttar Rupsa 77 || 4004 || 13237 || 15631 || 60.3
|-
| Dakshin Gobindapur 47 || 2894 || 11936 || 14269 || 53.2
|-
| Dakshin Paikpara 71 || 3115 || 11198 || 13452 || 61.0
|-
| Dakshin Faridganj 35 || 3986 || 9254 || 11052 || 54.7
|-
| Dakshin Rupsa 83 || 2858 || 10340 || 12183 || 60.7
|-
| Paschim Gupti 59 || 2669 || 9719 || 11591 || 65.5
|-
| Purba Gupti 53 || 3571 || 10457 || 12083 || 57.8
|-
| Paschim Char Dukhia 23 || 2778 || 9144 || 11385 || 51.6
|-
| Purba Char Dukhia 17 || 4041 || 11290 || 13734 || 52.1
|-
| Paschim Baluthupa 11 || 4107 || 11877 || 12816 || 54.5
|-
| Purba Baluthupa 13 || 3969 || 12679 || 15101 || 59.7
|-
| Paschim Subidpur 95 || 3560 || 11091 || 12413 || 59.9
|-
| Purba Subidpur 89 || 3965 || 11021 || 12703 || 60.1
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:FaridganjUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Neelkuthi (indigo factory) at Sahebganj, Math at Lohagara, Rupsa Zamindar Bari, Rupsa Mosque.

''War of Liberation'' During the War of Liberation in 1971, freedom fighters had encounters with Pak army at Kamalpur, Badara Bazar, Paikpara, Rupsha Bazar, Gazipur and other places of the upazila. 64 freedom fighters and many local people were killed in the encounters. Faridganj was liberated on 14 December.There is a mass grave in the upazila and one memorial monument has been built.

For details: see ফরিদগঞ্জ উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৬।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 575, temple 11, church 1, math 1.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 58.1%; male 56.6%, female 59.3%. Educational institutions: college 8, secondary school 47, primary school 252, community school 13, madrasa 237. Noted educational institutions: Faridganj Degree College (1970), Chandra Imam Ali College (1994), Gallak Adarsha College (1994), Gredakalindia Hajera Hasmath Degree College (1995), Baragaon High School (1899), Chandra Imam Ali High School (1918), Grehakalindia High School (1926), Paikpara U.G High School (1913), Basara High School (1926), Rupsa Ahmadia High School (1913), Kaonia Shaheed Habibullah High School (1926), Hansa Fazil Madrasa (1902).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Faridganj Barta, Palli Kahini.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 4, club 48, cinema hall 1, women's organisation 1.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 42.90%, non-agricultural labourer 2.64%, industry 0.86%, commerce 15.24%, transport and communication 2.63%, service 13.80%, construction 3.50%, religious service 0.43%, rent and remittance 5.39% and others 12.61%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 60.78%, landless 39.22%; agricultural landowner: urban 33.63% and rural 61.30%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, potato, sugarcane, betel leaf.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame, linseed, kaun, mustard, khesari pulse.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, coconut, banana, betel nut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 19, dairy 71, poultry 134.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 263 km, semi-pucca road 3 km, mud road 822 km; waterway 70 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart, horse carriage.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, ice factory, ice-cream factory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, embroidery, wood work, bamboo work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 45, fairs 6, most noted of which are Rupsa Hat, Gallak Hat, Gredakalindia Hat, Chandra Hat and Baishakhi Mela.

''Main exports'' Sugarcane, betel leaf, potato.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 49.4% of the dwellings have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 94.2%, tap 0.7% and others 5.1%. The presence of arsenic has been detected in the shallow tube-well water of the upazila.

''Sanitation'' 81.8% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 16.5% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 1.7% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, family welfare centre 11, satellite clinic 1, maternity centre 1.

''NGO activities'' [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]], [[Proshika|proshika]], BRDB, Mahila Unnayan Sangstha. [Musammat Rahima Begum]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Faridganj Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:ফরিদগঞ্জ উপজেলা]]

Chandpur Sadar Upazila

2023-10-28T04:59:50Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Chandpur Sadar Upazila''' ([[Chandpur District|chandpur district]]) area 308.77 sq km, located in between 23°07' and 23°20' north latitudes and in between 90°34' and 90°48' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Matlab Dakshin Upazila|matlab dakshin]] and [[Matlab Uttar Upazila|matlab]] [[Matlab Uttar Upazila|uttar]] upazilas on the north, [[Haimchar Upazila|haimchar]] and [[Faridganj Upazila|faridganj]] upazilas on the south, [[Hajiganj Upazila|ha]][[Hajiganj Upazila|j]][[Hajiganj Upazila|iganj]] and Faridganj upazilas on the east, [[Bhedarganj Upazila|bhedarganj]] ([[Shariatpur District|shariatpur]]) and [[Gosairhat Upazila|gosairhat]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 465919; male 226959, female 238960; Muslim 438807, Hindu 26286, Buddhist 75, Christian 265 and others 486. Indigenous community such as Tipra belongs to this upazila.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Lower Meghna River|lower]] [[Lower Meghna River|meghna]], [[Dakatia River|dakatia]]; Satbaria Beel is notable.

''Administration'' Chandpur Thana was turned into an upazila in 1984. Chandpur Municipality was formed in 1897.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 14 || 136 || 112 || 171065 || 294854 || 1509 || 66.58 (2001) || 49.7
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 10.59 (2001) || 15 || 121 || 159021 || 8630 (2001) || 67.4
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 5.58 (2001) || 1 || 12044 || 3077 (2001) || 59.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Ashikati 18 || 2825 || 11370 || 12645 || 60.6
|-
| Ibrahimpur 63 || 11805 || 7020 || 5963 || 26.0
|-
| Kalyanpur 20 || 5637 || 6918 || 7942 || 62.1
|-
| Chandra 54 || 3738 || 12968 || 14815 || 44.7
|-
| Tarpur Chandi 94 || 2501 || 5803 || 6241 || 59.0
|-
| Baghadi 22 || 3398 || 15417 || 16746 || 50.3
|-
| Balia 27 || 4422 || 14148 || 16379 || 51.8
|-
| Bishnupur 31 || 7467 || 12424 || 15207 || 50.1
|-
| Maishadi 67 || 1914 || 7149 || 7881 || 55.1
|-
| Rajrajeshwar 76 || 11630 || 7531 || 7366 || 15.8
|-
| Rampur 85 || 3025 || 10186 || 11706 || 66.2
|-
| Sakhua 90 || 3381 || 20057 || 19571 || 47.2
|-
| Shah Mahmudpur 81 || 3386 || 11848 || 13008 || 55.0
|-
| Hanar Char 58 || 4842 || 4321 || 4268 || 35.3
|}
''Source ''Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:ChandpurSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Begum Mosque (1812), Kalibari Mandir (1878), Math at Mathkhola.

''Historical events'' The coolies of the Assam tea gardens revolted against the atrocities of the British tea garden owners. On their way to Calcutta about 20 thousand coolies assembled at Chandpur Steamer Ghat (jetty). The British government conducted a massacre at the ghat area to contain the collies. Hardayal Nag, known as Gandhi of Chandpur, protested against the massacre. This protest movement spread all over the undivided India. Mahatma Gandhi, Maulana Mohammad Ali, [[Das, Chitta Ranjan|chitta ranjan das]], and [[Bose, Subhas Chandra|subhas chandra bose]] visited Chandpur to ease this movement.

''War of Liberation'' Chandpur Sadar upazila was under Sector number 2 during the period of the War of Liberation. Freedom fighters of the upazila had encounters with Pak army at places like Wireless Bazar, Ashikati Bazar, Akandaghat, Majumdarbari and Bagdi Bazaar. Two major operations carried out by freedom fighters were the operation on the river Meghna and the naval commado operation on the Dakatia River. A sculpture (‘Aungikar’ meaning the Oath) has been built in the upazila.

For details: see চাঁদপুর সদর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৩।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 644, temple 5, church 1, tomb 2. Noted religious institutions: Begum Mosque, Puran Bazar Mosque, tomb of' Khawja Ahmad Saheb (Islampur), Kalibari Mandir.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 57.12%; Male 58.81%, Female 55.43%. Noted educational institutions: Chandpur Govt. College (1946), Chandpur Govt. Mahila College (1964), Puran Bazar Degree College, Hasan Ali Government Boys' High School (former Jubilee High School, 1885), Baburhat High School (1899), Harina-Chalitatali Edward Institution (1901), Chandpur Rupsa Ahamadia High School (1913), Gani Adarsha High School (1917), DN High School (1920), Harisabha Madusadan High school (1921), Puran Bazar M H High School (1921), Kherudia Delowar Hossain High School and College (1925), Sahatali High School (1927), Matreepith Govt. Girls' School (1961), Shahtali Alia Madrasa (1899).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Chandpur Barta, Chandpur Probaha, Chandpur Kantha, Chandpur Darpan, Chandpur Zamin, Chandpur Sangbad; Defunct: Nababangha, Bharat Hitoshi, Raktapalash, Raktim Surya.

''Cultural organisations'' Club 81, library 5, cinema hall 3, theatre group 13, women organisation 4, government shishu sadan 1, park 2, stadium 1. Noted cultural organisations: Barnachora (1973, theatre group) and Udayan Mahila Complex (women's organisation).

''Important installations'' Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 33.40%, non-agricultural labourer 3.48%, industry 1.54%, commerce 20.48%, transport and communication 4.44%, service 13.28%, construction 2.75%, religious service' 0.36%, rent and remittance 2.19% and others 18.08%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 46.04%, landless 53.96%; agricultural landowner: urban' 31.75% and rural 50.65%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, sugarcane, jute, potato, wheat.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame, kaun, linseed, china, mustard.'

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, palm, coconut, guava, papaya.'

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' This upazila has a number of fisheries, dairies and poultries.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 229 km, semi-pucca road 8 km, mud road 293 km; railway 16 km; waterway 50 kms.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Jute mill, rice mill, flour mill, aluminum industries, chemical industries, match industries, ice factory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, shital pati, embroidery, bamboo work, cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 28, fairs 5, most noted of which are Baburhat, Mahamaya, Akhaner Hat, Shahtali, Kanudi, Chhoto Sundar, Chandra, Bhagra, Kamranga and Safarmali Hat; Mathkhola Shiva Bari Mela and Mahayamaya Mela.

''Main exports'' Hilsa fish, shrimp, sugarcane, jute and jute products.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 71.2% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 69.9%, tap 22.0% and others 8.1%.

''Sanitation'' 74.7% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 22.3% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 3.0% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Hospital 7, upazila health complex 1, charitable hospital 1, family welfare centre 14, maternity' clinic 2.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]], CARE. [Sayeed Ahmed Khan]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Chandpur Sadar Upazila 2007.'

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:চাঁদপুর সদর উপজেলা]]

Subarnachar Upazila

2023-10-28T04:52:17Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Subarnachar Upazila''' ([[Noakhali District|noakhali district]]) area 575.47 sq km, located in between 22°28' and 22°44' north latitudes and in between 90°59' and 91°20' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Noakhali Sadar Upazila|noakhali sadar]] and [[Companiganj Upazila (Noakhali District)|companiganj]] upazilas on the north, [[Hatiya Upazila|hatiya]] upazila on the south, Companigang and [[Sandwip Upazila|sandwip]] upazilas on the east and [[Ramgati Upazila|ramgati]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 289514; male 143532, female 145982; Muslim 272476, Hindu 17004, Buddhist 1, Christian 29 and others 4.

''Water bodies'' Bhulua River and Sandwip Channel.

''Administration'' Subarnachar upazila was formed on 2 April 2005 comprising parts of Noakhali Sadar upazila.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| - || 8 || 52 || 53 || 6651 || 282863 || 503 || 44.9 || 32.4
|}
{| class="table table-hover table-bordered"
|-
| colspan="5"| Upazila Town
|-
| Area (sq km) || Mouza || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 8.42 || 1 || 6651 || 790 || 44.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Char Amanullah 29 || 10856 || 9794 || 10149 || 33.0
|-
| Char WAPDA 37 || 14268 || 12083 || 12361 || 33.7
|-
| Char Clerk 33 || 16420 || 24693 || 24040 || 26.7
|-
| Char Jabbar 35 || 24368 || 26672 || 27169 || 30.4
|-
| Char Jubille 36 || 22140 || 22984 || 24644 || 34.5
|-
| Char Bata 31 || 10490 || 14459 || 15005 || 43.5
|-
| Purba Char Bata || 12530 || 17812 || 17911 || 36.5
|-
| Mohammadpur || 31130 || 15035 || 14703 || 26.5
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:SubarnacharUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''War of Liberation'' The upazila area is formed mostly with alluvium soil raised from the riverbeds and there had been hardly any road and on the top, the freedom fighters cut off the embankment which altogether had made it difficult for Pak army to enter the upazila area during the War of Liberation. Freedom fighters had often carried out operations against razakars. A school has been established with naming it after the martyred freedom fighter Joynal Abedin.

For details: see সুবর্ণচর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ১০।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 241, temple 7.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 32.7%; male 34.0%, female 31.3%. Educational institutions: college 2, secondary school 17, primary school 60, community primary school 13, madrasa 12. Noted educational institutions: Saikot Degree College (1996), Char Jabbar Degree College (1996), Shahid Joynal Abedin High School, Khaser Hat High School, Arji High School, Char Jubilee Rabbania Fazil Madrasa, Char Bata Islamia Alim Madrasa.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 1.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 70.72%, Non-agricultural labourer 6.01%, industry 0.41%, commerce 9.59%, transport and communication 1.75%, service 3.91%, construction 0.66%, religious service 0.29%, rent and remittance 0.75% and others 5.91%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 54.01%, landless 45.99%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, soyabin, ground nut, vegetables.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, banana, papaya, coconut, dates, betel nut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Fishery 7, dairy 22, poultry 18. '

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 119.28, semi-pucca 55.21 km, mud road 184.70 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage and bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, oil mill, flour mill, ice factory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Blacksmith, potteries, weaving, embroidery, shital pati and hand operated fan works.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 49, fair 1, most noted of which are Khaser Hat, Bhuiyar Hat, Thanar Hat, Chhamir Hat, Haris Chowdhury Bazar, Wapda Bazar, Ram Govinda' Bazar and Baishakhi Mela.

''Main exports'' Coconut, betel nut, mat, dry fish, yogurt and varieties of fish.

''Access to electricity'' All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification network. However 13.2% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 82.2%, tap 0.1% and others 17.7%. The presence of arsenic has been detected in the shallow tube well water of the upazila.

''Sanitation'' 47.6% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 37.9% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 14.5% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Hospital 1, satellite clinic 7.

Natural disaster' The tidal bore of 12 November 1970 and floods of 1985, 1991 and 1998 caused heavy damages to settlements, crops and livestock of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Proshika|proshika]], [[ASA|asa]]. [Tahera Begum Rita]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Subarnachar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:সুবর্ণচর উপজেলা]]

Sonaimuri Upazila

2023-10-28T04:47:37Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Sonaimuri Upazila''' ([[Noakhali District|noakhali district]]) area 169.14 sq km, located in between 23°02' and 23°06' north latitudes and in between 91°00' and 91°13' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Manoharganj Upazila|monoharganj]] upazila ([[Comilla District|comilla]]), [[Begumganj Upazila|begumganj]] upazila on the south, [[Senbagh Upazila|senbagh]] upazila on the east and [[Chatkhil Upazila|chatkhil]] upazila on the west.

''Population'' Total 327194; male 149751, female 177443; Muslim 317777, Hindu 9227, Buddhist 184, Christian 1 and others 5.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Dakatia River|dakatia]].

''Administration'' Sonaimuri upazila was formed on 29 January 2005 comprising parts of Begumganj upazila.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 10 || 133 || 148 || 34218 || 292976 || 1934 || 62.0 || 60.9
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area (sq km)
|
Ward
|
Mahalla
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 13.11 || 9 || 18 || 34218 || 2610 || 62.0
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Ambarnagar 13 || 2783 || 10431 || 13427 || 60.9
|-
| Amisha Para 15 || 4320 || 14892 || 17352 || 68.2
|-
| Chasirhat 91 || 1610 || 6230 || 7516 || 53.2
|-
| Jayag 59 || 5073 || 15292 || 18266 || 62.6
|-
| Deoti 35 || 4823 || 16445 || 18301 || 63.2
|-
| Nateshwar 77 || 4019 || 13524 || 17806 || 53.3
|-
| Nadana 73 || 4895 || 15082 || 16979 || 61.4
|-
| Bazra 21 || 3403 || 15379 || 18557 || 62.7
|-
| Baragaon 17 || 4251 || 14397 || 17309 || 56.3
|-
| Sonapur 94 || 3379 || 11489 || 14302 || 62.2
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:SonaimuriUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Bazra Shahi Jami Mosque (1153 AH), Sree Sree Gadadhar Kundu Tirtha (place of pilgrimage).

''War of Liberation'' Sonaimuri upazila was under Sector 2 during the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]]. On 21 April two encounters were held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army, one at a place near the outer signal of Sonaimuri Railway Station and the other at Bagadia in which about 20 Pak soldiers were killed and so were two freedom fighters. This upazila was liberated on 7 December. A memorial monument has been established at Sonaimuri.

For details: see সোনাইমুড়ি উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৮।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque165, temple 6, tomb 1. Noted religious institutions:' Bazra Shahi Jami Mosque, Sonaimuri Jami Mosque, Nadana Jami Mosque.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 61.0%; male 60.2%, female 61.7%. Educational institutions: college 4, secondary school 33, primary school 114, community primary school 6, madrasa 19. Noted educational institutions: Sonaimuri Degree College (1970), Sonaimuri High School (1917), Bazra Multilateral High School (1919), Sonaimuri Hamidia Aliya Madrasa (1926).

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 27.32%, non-agricultural labourer 2.06%, industry 0.63%, commerce 16.46%, transport and communication 3.60%, service 18.15%, construction 1.29%, religious service 0.38%, rent and remittance 14.38% and others 15.73%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 60.38%, landless 39.69%.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 2, club 6, women's organisation 6, playground 12, cultural group 2.

''Main crops'' Paddy, betel nut, mustard seed, pulses, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Linseed, sesame, arahar, china.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, coconut, banana, black berry, guava, papaya, betel nut.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 222.35 km, semi-pucca 7.75 km, mud road 1293.31 km; railway 11 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, buffalo cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, ice factory, saw mill, biscuit factory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, pottery, embroidery, wood work, bamboo and cane works.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 30, fairs 2, most noted of which are Sonaimuri Hat, Thanar Hat, Kamarer Hat, Nadana Hat, Kashimpur Hat, Shantir Hat, Lalmiar Hat, Jayag Bazar, Bazra Station Bazar, Muslimganj Bazar, Sonapur Bazar, Bangla Bazar and Amisha Para Bazar.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification network. However 76.0% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 93.8%, tap 1.4% and others 4.8%.

''Sanitation'' 90.7% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 7.0% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 2.3% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Natural disasters'' The floods of 1988, 1998, and 2004 caused heavy damages to settlements, livestock and properties of the upazila. Besides, the tornado of 1993 and the cyclone of September 2006 flowing over six villages of Amisha Para union caused heavy damages to settlements and properties of these villages.

''Health centres'' Hospital 1, upazila health complex 1, health and family welfare centre 10, family planning centre 8, community clinic 24.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Proshika|proshika]], [[ASA|asa]]. [Atikur Rahman]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Sonaimuri Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:সোনাইমুড়ি উপজেলা]]

Senbagh Upazila

2023-10-28T04:40:46Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Senbagh Upazila''' ([[Noakhali District|noakhali district]]) area 159.36 sq km, located in between 22°52' and 23°05' north latitudes and in between 91°08' and 92°16' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Nangalkot Upazila|nangalkot]] and [[Manoharganj Upazila|manoharganj]] upazilas on the north, [[Kabirhat Upazila|kabirhat]] and [[Companiganj Upazila (Noakhali District)|companiganj]] (Noakhali) upazilas on the south, [[Daganbhuiyan Upazila|daganbhuiyan]] upazila on the east, [[Begumganj Upazila|begumganj]] and [[Sonaimuri Upazila|sonaimuri]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 282894; male 133341, female 149553; Muslim 271810, Hindu 10969, Buddhist 106, Christian 6 and others 3.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Dakatia River|dakatia]].

''Administration'' Senbagh Thana was turned into an upazila in 1983.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 9 || 97 || 105 || 26807 || 256087 || 1775 || 61.16 (2001) || 56.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
| Area (sq km) || Ward || Mahalla || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| - || 9 || 15 || 19065 || - || 63.6
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density (per sq km)
|
Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 27.45 (2001) || 2 || 7742 || 1957 (2001) || 58.8
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Arjuntala 13 || 3748 || 9061 || 11584 || 53.0
|-
| Kadra 57 || 3657 || 10710 || 13320 || 54.8
|-
| Kabilpur 47 || 4879 || 18717 || 20455 || 58.1
|-
| Kesharpar 66 || 4595 || 17972 || 18949 || 57.4
|-
| Chhatarpaia 28 || 4225 || 17377 || 17289 || 56.3
|-
| Dumuria 38 || 5534 || 13917 || 16798 || 52.4
|-
| Nabipur 85 || 4204 || 13346 || 15759 || 54.7
|-
| Bejoybagh 19 || 3608 || 11979 || 13173 || 58.9
|-
| Mohammadpur 76 || 2950 || 11125 || 12298 || 58.6
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:SenbaghUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Fort at Kadra, Statue of a hero at Beer Kot, Mosque of Kusha Gazi.

''War of Liberation'' A training camp for the freedom fighters was established at Kanrihat of the upazila during the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]]. An encounter was held when the freedom fighters raided the Pak military camp at Domnakandi Primary School in which a number of freedom fighters were killed.

For details: see সেনবাগ উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ১০।

''Religious institutions'' Mosque 360, temple 39, tomb 10. Noted religious institutions: Senbagh Bazar Jami Mosque.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 56.7%; male 56.3%, female 57.0%. Educational institutions: college 3, secondary school 26, community school 7, primary school 124, madrasa 25. Noted educational institutions: Mohammadpur Ramendra Model High School (1916), Bejoybagh Nabakrishna High School (1939), Senbagh Government Pilot High School (1940), Senbagh Adarsha Government Primary School (1940), Joynagar Wazedia Alim Madrasa (1900), Chhamir Munshirhat Dakhil Madrasa (1902), Kadra Hamidia Dakhil Madrasa (1919).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Monthly: Senbagh Barta, Senbagh Samachar.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 7, club 17, cinema hall 1, playground 14.

''Tourist spots'' Dighi of Bhuiyan.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 31.45%, non-agricultural labourer 2.39%, industry 0.68%, commerce 14.94%, transport and communication 4.37%, service 21.48%, construction 1.25%, religious service 0.50%, rent and remittance 10.82% and others 12.12%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 64.26%, landless 35.74%; agricultural landowner: urban 65.87% and rural 63.86%.

''Main crops'' Paddy, wheat, betel leaf, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame, linseed, mustard, sweet potato, aus paddy.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, banana, papaya, coconut, date, betel nut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' Poultry 16, nursery 23.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 188.01 km, semi-pucca road 5.06 km, mud road 457.41 km; waterway 63 km.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Rice mill, flour mill, ice factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, palm leaf fan work, bamboo and cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 25, fairs 10, most noted of which are Senbagh Bazar, Kankir Hat, Chhamir Munshirhat, Darbesh Hat, Amtali Mela, Naldia Mela and mela of Panchpir Dargah.'

''Main exports'' Paddy, banana, betel leaf, coconut, betel nut.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 73.6% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 94.9%, tap 0.8% and others 4.3%. The presence of arsenic has been detected in shallow tube-well water of the upazila.

''Sanitation'' 80.0% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 17.2% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 2.8% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 2, mother and child welfare centre 1, clinic 12.

''Natural disasters'' The cyclone of 16 October 1961 caused heavy damages to settlements, plantation and crops of the upazila.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[ASA|asa]], [[BRAC|brac]], [[Caritas|caritas]], CARE, [[Proshika|proshika]]. [Md. Tawhid Hussain Chowdhury]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Senbagh Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:সেনবাগ উপজেলা]]

Noakhali Sadar Upazila

2023-10-28T04:35:31Z

BanglapediaAdmin:

'''Noakhali Sadar Upazila''' ([[Noakhali District|noakhali district]]) area 336.06 sq km, located in between 22'38' and 22'59' north latitudes and in between 90'54' and 91'15' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[Begumganj Upazila|begumganj]] upazila on the north, [[Subarnachar Upazila|subarnachar]] upazila on the south, [[Companiganj Upazila (Noakhali District)|companiganj]] (Noakhali) and [[Kabirhat Upazila|kabirhat]] upazilas on the east, [[Kamalnagar Upazila|kamalnagar]] and [[Lakshmipur Sadar Upazila|lakshmipur sadar]] upazilas on the west.

''Population'' Total 525934; male 252772, female 273162; Muslim 509252, Hindu 15640, Buddhist 185, Christian 841 and others 16.

''Water bodies'' Main river: [[Meghna River|meghna]]; Noakhali canal is notable.

''Administration'' The ancient name of Noakhali Sadar was Sudharam. Noakhali thana was formed in 1861 and it was turned into an upazila in 1984. Noakhali municipality was formed in 1876.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
| 1 || 13 || 166 || 173 || 130842 || 395092 || 1565 || 71.14 (2001) || 44.1
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
| Area (sq km) || Ward || Mahalla || Population || Density (per sq km) || Literacy rate (%)
|-
| 15.88 (2001) || 9 || 36 || 107654 || 4783 (2001) || 75.3
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="5" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area 
(sq km)
|
Mouza
|
Population
|
Density 
(per sq km)
|
Literacy rate 
(%)
|-
| 9.00 (2001) || 9 || 23188 || 2133 (2001) || 61.5
|}
{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
| Anderchar 21 || 11603 || 18375 || 21735 || 19.4
|-
| Ashwadia 23 || 4597 || 15201 || 16322 || 49.9
|-
| Ewazbalia 50 || 10127 || 22287 || 23767 || 38.4
|-
| Kadir Hanif 60 || 2909 || 15780 || 16307 || 66.4
|-
| Kaladaraf 65 || 8992 || 16939 || 22191 || 30.4
|-
| Char Matua 40 || 4353 || 13101 || 14850 || 53.6
|-
| Dadpur 45 || 3419 || 10871 || 12911 || 47.0
|-
| Dharmapur 47 || 11426 || 20384 || 21949 || 33.5
|-
| Niazpur 75 || 3989 || 13951 || 15446 || 54.8
|-
| Noannai 85 || 3837 || 14442 || 16340 || 55.6
|-
| Noakhali 80 || 6220 || 15852 || 16991 || 54.4
|-
| Purba Char Matua 90 || 5027 || 11060 || 10986 || 38.2
|-
| Binodpur 25 || 2427 || 9581 || 10661 || 58.6
|}
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:NoakhaliSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px]]
''Archaeological heritage and relics'' Public Library (1895), Khalil Bhuiyan Jami Mosque in Kadir Hanif union, Noakhali Zila Jami Mosque at Maijdi Court (1841).

''War of Liberation'' The Pak army entered Noakhali Sadar, for the first time, on 22 April 1971. On 18 June they brutally killed 70 innocent people at village Shreepur of Sonapur area. Freedom fighters had encounters with Pak army at Feni Polytechnic Institute, Charmutia food godown, Maijdi and some other places of the upazila. Noakhali Sadar was liberated on 7 December 1971. Three roads of the upazila have been named after the martyred freedom fighters (Shaheed Nur Mohammad Road, Shaheed Major Mesbahuddin Road and Shaheed Jasimuddin Road).

For details: see নোয়াখালী সদর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৫।

''Religious institutions'' Noakhali Zila Jami Mosque, Khalil Bhuiyan Jami Mosque, Kabir Patwari Jami Mosque, Shree Shree Ram Thakur Mandir are notable.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 51.7%; male 53.6%, female 50.0%. Educational institutions: college 10, primary teachers training institute 2, medical assistant training school 1, police training institute 1, secondary school 38, primary school 195, law college 1, madrasa 31. Noted educational institutions: Noakhali Government College (1963), Brother Andre High School (1857), Ahmadia Model High School (1906), Arun Chandra High School (1914), Noakhali Government Girl's High School (1934), Paura Kalyan High School (1940), Noakhali Zila School (1853).

'''Newspapers and periodicals'' Daily: Noakhali Barta; weekly: Ajker Upama, Abayab, Nayabarta, Jatiyo' Nur, Dishari; defunct: Noakhali Hitoishi, Chholtan, Tanjin, Upakul Barta, Purba Bangali.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 4, club 5, cinema hall 2, town hall 1.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 49.15%, non-agricultural labourer 4.59%, industry 0.97%, commerce 13.44%, transport and communication 3.67%, service 14.46%, construction 1.62%, religious service 0.34%, rent and remittance 2.79% and others 9.45%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 56.30%, landless 43.70%; agricultural landowner: urban 41.25% and rural 58.76%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, sugarcane, pulse, ground-nut, soybean, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Sesame, linseed,' jute.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, litchi, banana, coconut, papaya, betel nut.

''Fisheries, dairies and poultries'' This upazila has a number of fisheries, dairies and poultries.

''Communication facilities'' Pucca road 200.66 km, semi-pucca 45.23 km, mud road 814.36 km; railway 7 km; rail station 4.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart, buffalo cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Sweater factory, bakery, soft drinks factory, welding factory, rice mill, flour mill, ice factory, oil mill.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, embroidery, bamboo work, cane work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 6, fair 1, most noted of which are Maijdi Poura Bazar, Sonapur Datter Hat, Khaser Hat, Badher Hat, Khalifar Hat, Kala Munshir Hat, Lakshmi Narayanpur Mela (Pahela Magh).

''Main exports'' Coconut, betel nut, paddy, dry fish.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 52.6% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 84.6%, tap 7.2% and others 8.2%. The presence of arsenic has been detected in shallow tube-well water of the upazila

''Sanitation'' 67.4% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 27.1% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 5.5% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Hospital 6, TB clinic 1, satellite clinic 5, municipal health centre 1, family welfare centre 18, clinic 6, veterinary hospital 1.

''Natural disasters'' A large number of people of the coastal area lost their life due to the cyclone and tidal bore of 12 November 1970.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[Proshika|proshika]], [[ASA|asa]], the Hunger Project, CARE, Danida, Prisam, Nijera Kari. [Muhammad Masudur Rahman Bhuiyan]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Noakhali Sadar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:নোয়াখালী সদর উপজেলা]]