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'''Panchagarh Sadar Upazila''' ([[Panchagarh District|panchagarh district]]) area 347.08 sq km, located in between 26°17' and 26°29' north latitudes and in between 88°31' and 88°46' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[West Bengal|west bengal]] state of India on the north and east, [[Boda Upazila|boda]] and [[Debiganj Upazila|debiganj]] upazilas on the south, [[Atwari Upazila|atwari]] and [[Tentulia Upazila|tentulia]] upazilas and West Bengal state of India on the west. The upazila has two enclaves; the Indian enclaves in the upazila are Garati and Singimari.

''Population'' Total 229237; male 118226, female 111011; Muslim 214442, Hindu 14553, Buddhist 185, Christian 17 and others 40.

''Water bodies'' Main rivers: [[Karatoya River|karatoya]], Talma, Chawai.

''Administration'' Panchagarh thana was established under Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal during the British rule. It was under the Thakurgaon sub-division of [[Dinajpur District|dinajpur]] district at the time of the partition of 1947 and had been a thana under Panchagarh sub-division since 1980. Panchagarh Thana was formed in 1909 and it wa s turned into an upazila in 1984.

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila
|-
| rowspan="2" | Municipality || rowspan="2" | Union || rowspan="2" | Mouza || rowspan="2" | Village || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Density (per sq km) || colspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
|
1

|
10

|
83

|
196

|
38929

|
190308

|
660

|
61.4

|
42.2

|}

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Municipality
|-
|
Area
(sq km)

|
Ward

|
Mahalla

|
Population

|
Density<br>
(per sq km)

|
Literacy rate (%)

|-
|
20.72

|
9

|
32

|
38542

|
1860

|
61.5

|}

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
|-
| colspan="9" | Upazila Town
|-
|
Area<br>
(sq km)

|
Mouza

|
Population

|
Density<br>
(per sq km)

|
Literacy rate (%)

|-
|
-

|
1

|
387

|
-

|
55.3

|}

{| class="table table-bordered table-hover"
| colspan="5" | Union
|-
| rowspan="2" | Name of union and GO code || rowspan="2" | Area (acre) || colspan="2" | Population || rowspan="2" | Literacy rate (%)
|-
| Male || Female
|-
|
Amarkhana 11
|
8366

|
9956

|
9414

|
38.78

|-
|
Kamat Kajal Dighi 59

|
6172

|
7183

|
6760

|
46.35

|-
|
Garinabari 43

|
7105

|
8926

|
8369

|
43.85

|-
|
Chaklarhat 23

|
11568

|
10753

|
10171

|
40.26

|-
|
Dhakkamara 36

|
7192

|
11286

|
10758

|
49.23

|-
|
Panchagarh Sadar 71

|
8560

|
11088

|
9980

|
42.94

|-
|
Magura 65

|
5783

|
7465

|
6915

|
46.09

|-
|
Satmara 83

|
11036

|
12102

|
11106

|
34.19

|-
|
Haribhasa 47

|
12196

|
11077

|
10980

|
40.46

|-
|
Hafizabad 35

|
5922

|
8401

|
8005

|
43.50

|}

''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

[[Image:PanchagarhSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]
''Historical events'' A large number of the Muslim population migrated and settled at Panchagarh town and nearby villages in consequent of the Hindu Muslim riot in Jalpaiguri town during 1949 to 1950. The people of this upazila took part in various movements such as [[Fakir-Sannyasi Resistance|fakir-sannyasi resistance]] (1762 to 1800), [[Tebhaga Movement|tebhaga movement]] (1938 to 1939 and 1946 to 1947), [[Language Movement|language movement]], movement for turning Panchagarh into a sub-division (1949 to 1980), movement against the oppression of the EPR on the border area, [[Mass Upsurge, 1969|mass upsurge]] in 1969, etc. At the beginning of the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] two members of the EPR were shot dead by the Pak army; besides, 18 Pak soldiers were killed in an encounter with the freedom fighters. The freedom fighters also destroyed the bridge near the Amarkhana camp on the Chawai river to obstruct the Pak army to the north. During the period between 19 April and 30 April 1971 the Pak army killed about fifty persons on upazila town and at Mirgarh. In July the Pak army killed 16 persons at Amarkhana.

''Marks of the War of Liberation'' Mass grave 1 (at a place on the bank of the Karatoya); Shaheed Farooque Ahmad Memorial Monument at Dhakka-mara of Panchagarh town; grave of Martyr Freedom Fighter Sakimuddin in front of the Baital Aman Mosque of Jagdal Hat.

''Literacy rate and educational institutions'' Average literacy 45.7%; male 51%, female 40%. Educational institutions: college 12, vocational training institute 1, business education institution 2, secondary school 60, primary school 477, kindergarten 10. Noted educational institutions: Bishnu Prasad High School (1944), Mirgarh Government Primary School (1918), Mayna Primary School (1928).

''Newspapers and periodicals'' Weekly: Panchagarh Barta; fortnightly: Ei Samay; defunct: Uttar Asa, Karatoya, Pancharupa, Aloran Barta, Unmesh, Durjay, Pilsuj.

''Cultural organisations'' Library 6, club 3, shilpakala institute 1, auditorium 1, stadium 1, circuit house 1, cinema hall 4.

''Tourist spots'' Maharaj Dighi and Garh at Bhitar Garh, Rocks Museum in Panchagarh Government Mohila College, Kajla Dighi at Tunir Hat, Panchagarh Forest in the suburb of the Town.

''Main sources of income'' Agriculture 59.73%, non-agricultural labourer 6.44%, industry 0.63%, commerce 11.85%, transport and communication 4.63%, service 8.15%, construction 0.84%, religious service 0.16%, rent and remittance 0.19% and others 7.38%.

''Ownership of agricultural land'' Landowner 53.43%, landless 46.57%; agricultural landowner: urban 39.47% and rural 56.2%.'

''Main crops'' Paddy, jute, wheat, sugarcane, potato, sesame, linseed, water-melon, bamboo, vegetables.

''Extinct or nearly extinct crops'' Tobacco, arahar, aus paddy, dhemsi.

''Main fruits'' Mango, jackfruit, guava, banana, pomegranate, pineapple, custard apple, watermelon, betel nut.

''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

''Noted manufactories'' Sugar mill, rice mill, husking mill, saw mill, electric pole manufacturing industry, distillery (industrial spirit), homeo laboratory, welding factory.

''Cottage industries'' Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, bamboo and wood work.

''Hats, bazars and fairs'' Hats and bazars are 37, fairs 5, most noted of which are Rajnagar Hat, Jagdal Hat, Jhalai Hat, Haribhasa Hat, Model Hat, Futkibari Hat, Magura-dalua Hat, Chaklarhat, Goleha Hat, Talma Hat, Mirgarh Hat, Ziabari Hat, Tunir Hat, Dewan Hat, Kazir Hat, Zila Parishad Chattar Mela, Panchagarh Sadar Mela and Amlahar Mela.

''Main exports'' Paddy, wheat, jute, betel nut, water melon, sugar, electric pole, alcohol, bamboo and bamboo mat.

''Access to electricity'' All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 11.92% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

''Natural resources'' Nuri stone and sand have been found in this upazila.

''Sources of drinking water'' Tube-well 73.72%, tap 1.67%, pond 1.09% and others 23.52%.

''Sanitation'' 29% (rural 19.69% and urban 75.97%) of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 27.07% (rural 29.97% and urban 12.43%) of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 43.93% of households do not have latrine facilities.

''Health centres'' Sadar hospital 1, upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 3, family planning centre 8, diabetic hospital 1, hospital 1, clinic 10.

''NGO activities'' Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]], Swanirvar Bangladesh, [[Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service|rangpur dinajpur rural service]]. [Md. Ahsan Habib]

'''References''' Bangladesh Population Census 2001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Panchagarh Sadar Upazila 2007.

[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

[[Category:Local Government]]

[[bn:পঞ্চগড় সদর উপজেলা]]

Panchagarh Sadar Upazila - Revision history

BanglapediaAdmin at 17:39, 19 October 2023

0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1: Content Updated.