Barura Upazila

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Barura Upazila (comilla district) area 241.65 sq km, located in between 23'14' and 23'37' north latitudes and in between 90'56' and 91'08' east longitudes. It is bounded by comilla adarsha sadar and chandina upazilas on the north, laksham and shahrasti upazilas on the south, comilla sadar dakshin and Laksam upazilas on the east, Chandina and kachua (chandpur) upazilas on the west. Some part of Lalmai hills are at the east corner of this upazila.

Population Total 351086; male 174242, female 176844; Muslim 323807, Hindu 26803, Buddhist 18, Christian 403 and others 55.

Water bodies Carzon Khal (canal) is notable.

Administration Barura Thana was formed in 1948 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983. It was turned into a municipality in 1995.

Upazila
Municipality Union Mouza Village Population Density (per sq km) Literacy rate (%)
Urban Rural Urban Rural

1

14

231

313

40335

310751

1453

44.55

44.97

Municipality

Area
(sq km)

Ward

Mahalla

Population

Density
(per sq km)

Literacy rate (%)

23.12

9

26

40335

1745

44.55

Union
Area (sq km) Mouza Population Literacy rate (%)

Male

Female

Aganagar 18

4104

10924

10919

48.28

Adda 11

4147

11264

11840

56.99

Adra 12

3902

10533

11422

48.64

Uttar Khosbas 63

3001

14291

13803

39.61

Dakshin Khosbas 69

4080

9297

9316

42.65

Galimpur 44

8455

19923

20497

44.73

Chitadda 50

3316

9458

9438

34.40

Jalam 56

3657

11015

11071

44.28

Deora 37

2126

5456

5418

38.97

Payalgachha 75

4243

10597

11046

49.03

Bhabanipur 25

3403

10922

10899

40.22

Lakshmipur 82

3319

9461

10078

50.66

Uttar Shilmuri 88

2604

8815

8555

44.48

Dakshin Shilmuri 94

4221

11863

12630

43.23

Source Bangladesh Population Census 2001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

Archaeological heritage and relics Mosque and Mazar at Adinamura, Chandimata Mandir (located on the hill top of Lalmai Hill), Moir Dighi at village Bashpur.

History of the War of Liberation On 2 September 1971, the Pak army attacked the camp of the freedom fighters of the upazila. On the same day the Pak army entered into the village and killed 6 innocent persons; they also conducted plundering and set many houses on fire. Five freedom fighters were killed in an encounter with the Pak army on 10 September at Payalgachha Battali.

Marks of the War of Liberation Mass grave 1 (Narayanpur).

Religious institutions Mosque 512, temple 100, church 1. Noted religious institutions: Barura Jami Mosque, Galimpur Jami Mosque, Adinamura Mosque, Abdul Hamid Shah (R) Tomb at Maheshpur, Barura Central Eidgah, Chandimatas' Mandir.'

Literacy rate and educational institutions Average literacy 44.92%; Male 47.35%, female 42.60%. Educational institutions: college 7, technical college 1, secondary school 36, primary school 249, madrasa 29. Noted educational institutions: Payalgachha Post-Graduate College, Barura Shahid Smriti Govt. College (1972), Galimpur TC High School (1914), Joynagar Scheduled Cast High School (1917), Bataichhari High School (1929), Talagram TC Laha Multilateral High School (1931), Barura Hazi Nawab Ali Pilot High School (1967), Panchthubi Ahmadia Fazil Madrasa (1860), Bataichhari Dakhil Madrasa (1911), Khalarpar Wajedia Fazil Madrasa (1967), Rajamara Sunnia Madrasa (1921), Baruar Alia Madrasa.

Newspapers and periodicals Weekly: Telephone, Barura kantha; defunct: Abahan.

Cultural organisations Club 31, library 3, theatre group 1, community centre 2.

Main sources of income Agriculture 55.08%, non-agricultural labourer 2.86%, commerce 11.21%, transport and communication 3.78%, service 8.90%, construction 1.39%, religious service' 0.40%, rent and remittance 7.17% and others 9.21%.

Ownership of agricultural land Landowner 66.44%, landless 33.56%; agricultural landowner: urban' 61.62% and rural 67.07%.

Main crops Paddy, potato, wheat, mustard, sesame, betel leaf, jute, vegetables.

Extinct or nearly extinct crops Kaun, linseed.

Main fruits Mango, jackfruit, coconut, plum, watermelon, palm.

Fisheries, dairies and poultries This upazila has a number of fisheries, dairies and poultries.

Communication facilities Pucca road 175 km, mud road 205 km; railways 1 km; helipad 1; bridge and culvert 850.

Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport Palanquin, bullock cart.

Manufactories Rice mill, flour mill, ice factory, brick-field, welding factory.

Cottage industries Weaving, jute industries, silk industries, wood work, bamboo work, cane work.

Hats, bazars and fairs Hats and bazars are 42, fairs 7, most noted of which are Barura, Rammohan, Jhalam, Fakir, Khosbas, Maheshpur, Adra, Haripur, Chandimura, Amratali, Payalgachha, Aganagar hats and Chandimura, Shahapur, Lakshmipur, Rammohan melas.

Main exports Betel leaf, paddy, vegetables.

Access to electricity All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 33.77% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

Sources of drinking water Tube-well 93.79%, tap 0.71%, pond 0.54% and others 4.97%. The presence of arsenic has been detected in shallow tube well of this upazila.

Sanitation 62.24% (rural 62.90% and urban 57.19%) of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 23.33% (urban 22.91% and rural 26.56%) of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 14.43% of households do not have latrines facilities.

Health centres 'Upazila health complex 1, family welfare centre 15, satellite clinic 5, satellite family planning centre 5, community clinic 19, charitable hospital 5, clinic 1.

Natural disasters The tidal bore and cyclone of 1974 caused loss of life and damage to settlements, livestock and properties. Besides, the floods of 1998 and 2004 caused heavy damage to livestock and properties.

NGO activities brac, asa, proshika, Rural Development Organisation, CARE. [AKM Jasim Uddin]

References Bangladesh Population Census 2001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Barura Upazila 2007.