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'''Panchagarh Sadar Upazila''' ([[Panchagarh District|panchagarh district]]) area 347.08 sq km, located in between 26°17' and 26°29' north latitudes and in between 88°31' and 88°46' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[West Bengal|west bengal]] state of India on the north and east, [[Boda Upazila|boda]] and [[Debiganj Upazila|debiganj]] upazilas on the south, [[Atwari Upazila|atwari]] and [[Tentulia Upazila|tentulia]] upazilas and West Bengal state of India on the west. The upazila has two enclaves; the Indian enclaves in the upazila are Garati and Singimari.
'''Panchagarh Sadar Upazila''' ([[Panchagarh District|panchagarh district]]) area 347.09 sq km, located in between 26°17' and 26°29' north latitudes and in between 88°31' and 88°46' east longitudes. It is bounded by [[West Bengal|west bengal]] state of India on the north and east, [[Boda Upazila|boda]] and [[Debiganj Upazila|debiganj]] upazilas on the south, [[Atwari Upazila|atwari]] and [[Tentulia Upazila|tentulia]] upazilas and West Bengal state of India on the west. The upazila has two enclaves; the Indian enclaves in the upazila are Garati and Singimari.


''Population''  Total 229237; male 118226, female 111011; Muslim 214442, Hindu 14553, Buddhist 185, Christian 17 and others 40.
''Population''  Total 271707; male 136850, female 134857; Muslim 254612, Hindu 16855, Buddhist 4, Christian 163 and others 73.


''Water bodies''  Main rivers: [[Karatoya River|karatoya]], Talma, Chawai.
''Water bodies''  Main rivers: [[Karatoya River|karatoya]], Talma, Chawai.
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| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
| Urban || Rural || | Urban || Rural
|-
|-
|  
| 1 || 10 || 75 || 195 || 46038 || 225669 || 783 || 61.4 (2001) || 49.6
1
 
|  
10
 
|  
83
 
|  
196
 
|  
38929
 
|  
190308
 
|  
660
 
|  
61.4
 
|  
42.2
 
|}
|}


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|-
|-
|  
| - || 9 || 32 || 45589 || - || 70.3
20.72
 
|  
9
 
|  
32
 
|  
38542
 
|  
1860
 
|  
61.5


|}
|}
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|-
|-
|  
| - || 1 || 449 || - || 65.2
-
 
|  
1
 
|  
387
 
|  
-
 
|  
55.3


|}
|}
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| Male || Female
| Male || Female
|-
|-
|  
| Amarkhana 11 || 8366 || 11389  || 11410 || 45.7
Amarkhana 11
|  
8366
 
|  
9956
 
|  
9414
 
|  
38.78
 
|-
|-
|  
| Kamat Kajal Dighi 59 || 5748 || 8380  || 8244 || 51.9
Kamat Kajal Dighi 59
 
|  
6172
 
|  
7183
 
|  
6760
 
|  
46.35
 
|-
|-
|  
| Garinabari 43 || 7106 || 10678  || 10278 || 55.6
Garinabari 43
 
|  
7105
 
|  
8926
 
|  
8369
 
|  
43.85
 
|-
|-
|  
| Chaklarhat 23 || 10001 || 11094  || 11472 || 49.2
Chaklarhat 23
 
|  
11568
 
|  
10753
 
|  
10171
 
|  
40.26
 
|-
|-
|  
| Dhakkamara 36 || 7887 || 12845  || 12708 || 58.7
Dhakkamara 36
 
|  
7192
 
|  
11286
 
|  
10758
 
|  
49.23
 
|-
|-
|  
| Panchagarh Sadar 71 || 8080 || 13227  || 12972 || 49.4
Panchagarh Sadar 71
 
|  
8560
 
|  
11088
 
|  
9980
 
|  
42.94
 
|-
|-
|  
| Magura 65 || 5774 || 8731  || 8307 || 52.2
Magura 65
 
|  
5783
 
|  
7465
 
|  
6915
 
|  
46.09
 
|-
|-
|  
| Satmara 83 || 11034 || 14219  || 13839 || 41.6
Satmara 83
 
|  
11036
 
|  
12102
 
|  
11106
 
|  
34.19
 
|-
|-
|  
| Haribhasa 47 || 10855 || 13267  || 13467 || 44.2
Haribhasa 47
 
|  
12196
 
|  
11077
 
|  
10980
 
|  
40.46
 
|-
|-
|  
| Hafizabad 35 || 5799 || 9779  || 9812 || 50.7
Hafizabad 35


|  
|}
5922


|
''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
8401


|  
[[Image:PanchagarhSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]
8005
 
|  
43.50
 
|}


''Source'' Bangladesh Population Census 2001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
''Historical events'' A large number of the Muslim population migrated and settled at Panchagarh Town and nearby villages following the Hindu Muslim riot in Jalpaiguri Town in 1949-1950. The people of this upazila took part in various movements such as [[Fakir-Sannyasi Resistance|fakir-sannyasi resistance]] (1762 to 1800), [[Tebhaga Movement|tebhaga movement]] (1938 to 1939 and 1946 to 1947), [[Language Movement|language movement]], movement for turning Panchagarh into a sub-division (1949 to 1980), movement against the oppression of the EPR on the border area, [[Mass Upsurge, 1969|mass upsurge]] in 1969, etc.


[[Image:PanchagarhSadarUpazila.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]
''War of Liberation''  At the beginning of the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] two members of the EPR were shot dead by the Pak army. Freedom fighters killed 18 Pak soldiers in an encounter with them. The freedom fighters also destroyed the bridge near the Amarkhana Camp on the Chawai river to obstruct the entry of the Pak army from the north. During the period from 19 April to 30 April 1971 the Pak army killed about fifty persons in the Upazila Town and Mirgarh. In July the Pak army killed 16 persons at Amarkhana. Freedom fighters had carried out operations at Mirgarh, Amarkhana and some other places of the upazila. There is a mass grave at a place on the bank of the Karatoya; the grave of Martyr Freedom Fighter Sakimuddin is in front of the Baitul Aman Mosque of Jagdal Hat. A memorial monument (Shaheed Farooque Ahmad Memorial Monumen) has been built at Dhakkamara of Panchagarh Town.
''Historical events''  A large number of the Muslim population migrated and settled at Panchagarh town and nearby villages in consequent of the Hindu Muslim riot in Jalpaiguri town during 1949 to 1950. The people of this upazila took part in various movements such as [[Fakir-Sannyasi Resistance|fakir-sannyasi resistance]] (1762 to 1800), [[Tebhaga Movement|tebhaga movement]] (1938 to 1939 and 1946 to 1947), [[Language Movement|language movement]], movement for turning Panchagarh into a sub-division (1949 to 1980), movement against the oppression of the EPR on the border area, [[Mass Upsurge, 1969|mass upsurge]] in 1969, etc. At the beginning of the [[War of Liberation, The|war of liberation]] two members of the EPR were shot dead by the Pak army; besides, 18 Pak soldiers were killed in an encounter with the freedom fighters. The freedom fighters also destroyed the bridge near the Amarkhana camp on the Chawai river to obstruct the Pak army to the north. During the period between 19 April and 30 April 1971 the Pak army killed about fifty persons on upazila town and at Mirgarh. In July the Pak army killed 16 persons at Amarkhana.


''Marks of the War of Liberation''  Mass grave 1 (at a place on the bank of the Karatoya); Shaheed Farooque Ahmad Memorial Monument at Dhakka-mara of Panchagarh town; grave of Martyr Freedom Fighter Sakimuddin in front of the Baital Aman Mosque of Jagdal Hat.
For details: see পঞ্চগড় সদর উপজেলা, ''বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ'' (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৫।


''Literacy rate and educational institutions''  Average literacy 45.7%; male 51%, female 40%. Educational institutions: college 12, vocational training institute 1, business education institution 2, secondary school 60, primary school 477, kindergarten 10. Noted educational institutions: Bishnu Prasad High School (1944), Mirgarh Government Primary School (1918), Mayna Primary School (1928).
''Literacy rate and educational institutions''  Average literacy 53.2%; male 56.2%, female 50.2%. Educational institutions: college 12, vocational training institute 1, business education institution 2, secondary school 60, primary school 477, kindergarten 10. Noted educational institutions: Bishnu Prasad High School (1944), Mirgarh Government Primary School (1918), Mayna Primary School (1928).


''Newspapers and periodicals''  Weekly: Panchagarh Barta; fortnightly: Ei Samay; defunct: Uttar Asa, Karatoya, Pancharupa, Aloran Barta, Unmesh, Durjay, Pilsuj.
''Newspapers and periodicals''  Weekly: Panchagarh Barta; fortnightly: Ei Samay; defunct: Uttar Asa, Karatoya, Pancharupa, Aloran Barta, Unmesh, Durjay, Pilsuj.
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''Main fruits''  Mango, jackfruit, guava, banana, pomegranate, pineapple, custard apple, watermelon, betel nut.
''Main fruits''  Mango, jackfruit, guava, banana, pomegranate, pineapple, custard apple, watermelon, betel nut.
''Communication facilities''  Pucca road 68 km, semi-pucca road 1 km, mud road 734 km; railway 8 km; waterway 84 km.


''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.
''Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport'' Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.
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''Main exports''  Paddy, wheat, jute, betel nut, water melon, sugar, electric pole, alcohol, bamboo and bamboo mat.
''Main exports''  Paddy, wheat, jute, betel nut, water melon, sugar, electric pole, alcohol, bamboo and bamboo mat.


''Access to electricity''  All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 11.92% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.
''Access to electricity''  All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 32.0% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.  


''Natural resources''  Nuri stone and sand have been found in this upazila.
''Natural resources''  Nuri stone and sand have been found in this upazila.


''Sources of drinking water''  Tube-well 73.72%, tap 1.67%, pond 1.09% and others 23.52%.
''Sources of drinking water''  Tube-well 91.4%, tap 3.4% and others 5.2%.  


''Sanitation''  29% (rural 19.69% and urban 75.97%) of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 27.07% (rural 29.97% and urban 12.43%) of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 43.93% of households do not have latrine facilities.
''Sanitation''  83.7% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 7.5% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 8.8% of households do not have latrine facilities.


''Health centres''  Sadar hospital 1, upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 3, family planning centre 8, diabetic hospital 1, hospital 1, clinic 10.
''Health centres''  Sadar hospital 1, upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 3, family planning centre 8, diabetic hospital 1, hospital 1, clinic 10.
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''NGO activities''  Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]], Swanirvar Bangladesh, [[Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service|rangpur dinajpur rural service]].  [Md. Ahsan Habib]
''NGO activities''  Operationally important NGOs are [[BRAC|brac]], [[ASA|asa]], Swanirvar Bangladesh, [[Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service|rangpur dinajpur rural service]].  [Md. Ahsan Habib]


'''References'''  Bangladesh Population Census 2001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Panchagarh Sadar Upazila 2007.
'''References'''  Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Panchagarh Sadar Upazila 2007.


[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Upazilas of Bangladesh]]

Latest revision as of 17:39, 19 October 2023

Panchagarh Sadar Upazila (panchagarh district) area 347.09 sq km, located in between 26°17' and 26°29' north latitudes and in between 88°31' and 88°46' east longitudes. It is bounded by west bengal state of India on the north and east, boda and debiganj upazilas on the south, atwari and tentulia upazilas and West Bengal state of India on the west. The upazila has two enclaves; the Indian enclaves in the upazila are Garati and Singimari.

Population Total 271707; male 136850, female 134857; Muslim 254612, Hindu 16855, Buddhist 4, Christian 163 and others 73.

Water bodies Main rivers: karatoya, Talma, Chawai.

Administration Panchagarh thana was established under Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal during the British rule. It was under the Thakurgaon sub-division of dinajpur district at the time of the partition of 1947 and had been a thana under Panchagarh sub-division since 1980. Panchagarh Thana was formed in 1909 and it wa s turned into an upazila in 1984.

Upazila
Municipality Union Mouza Village Population Density (per sq km) Literacy rate (%)
Urban Rural Urban Rural
1 10 75 195 46038 225669 783 61.4 (2001) 49.6
Municipality

Area (sq km)

Ward

Mahalla

Population

Density
(per sq km)

Literacy rate (%)

- 9 32 45589 - 70.3
Upazila Town

Area
(sq km)

Mouza

Population

Density
(per sq km)

Literacy rate (%)

- 1 449 - 65.2
Union
Name of union and GO code Area (acre) Population Literacy rate (%)
Male Female
Amarkhana 11 8366 11389 11410 45.7
Kamat Kajal Dighi 59 5748 8380 8244 51.9
Garinabari 43 7106 10678 10278 55.6
Chaklarhat 23 10001 11094 11472 49.2
Dhakkamara 36 7887 12845 12708 58.7
Panchagarh Sadar 71 8080 13227 12972 49.4
Magura 65 5774 8731 8307 52.2
Satmara 83 11034 14219 13839 41.6
Haribhasa 47 10855 13267 13467 44.2
Hafizabad 35 5799 9779 9812 50.7

Source Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

Historical events A large number of the Muslim population migrated and settled at Panchagarh Town and nearby villages following the Hindu Muslim riot in Jalpaiguri Town in 1949-1950. The people of this upazila took part in various movements such as fakir-sannyasi resistance (1762 to 1800), tebhaga movement (1938 to 1939 and 1946 to 1947), language movement, movement for turning Panchagarh into a sub-division (1949 to 1980), movement against the oppression of the EPR on the border area, mass upsurge in 1969, etc.

War of Liberation At the beginning of the war of liberation two members of the EPR were shot dead by the Pak army. Freedom fighters killed 18 Pak soldiers in an encounter with them. The freedom fighters also destroyed the bridge near the Amarkhana Camp on the Chawai river to obstruct the entry of the Pak army from the north. During the period from 19 April to 30 April 1971 the Pak army killed about fifty persons in the Upazila Town and Mirgarh. In July the Pak army killed 16 persons at Amarkhana. Freedom fighters had carried out operations at Mirgarh, Amarkhana and some other places of the upazila. There is a mass grave at a place on the bank of the Karatoya; the grave of Martyr Freedom Fighter Sakimuddin is in front of the Baitul Aman Mosque of Jagdal Hat. A memorial monument (Shaheed Farooque Ahmad Memorial Monumen) has been built at Dhakkamara of Panchagarh Town.

For details: see পঞ্চগড় সদর উপজেলা, বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৫।

Literacy rate and educational institutions Average literacy 53.2%; male 56.2%, female 50.2%. Educational institutions: college 12, vocational training institute 1, business education institution 2, secondary school 60, primary school 477, kindergarten 10. Noted educational institutions: Bishnu Prasad High School (1944), Mirgarh Government Primary School (1918), Mayna Primary School (1928).

Newspapers and periodicals Weekly: Panchagarh Barta; fortnightly: Ei Samay; defunct: Uttar Asa, Karatoya, Pancharupa, Aloran Barta, Unmesh, Durjay, Pilsuj.

Cultural organisations Library 6, club 3, shilpakala institute 1, auditorium 1, stadium 1, circuit house 1, cinema hall 4.

Tourist spots Maharaj Dighi and Garh at Bhitar Garh, Rocks Museum in Panchagarh Government Mohila College, Kajla Dighi at Tunir Hat, Panchagarh Forest in the suburb of the Town.

Main sources of income Agriculture 59.73%, non-agricultural labourer 6.44%, industry 0.63%, commerce 11.85%, transport and communication 4.63%, service 8.15%, construction 0.84%, religious service 0.16%, rent and remittance 0.19% and others 7.38%.

Ownership of agricultural land Landowner 53.43%, landless 46.57%; agricultural landowner: urban 39.47% and rural 56.2%.'

Main crops Paddy, jute, wheat, sugarcane, potato, sesame, linseed, water-melon, bamboo, vegetables.

Extinct or nearly extinct crops Tobacco, arahar, aus paddy, dhemsi.

Main fruits Mango, jackfruit, guava, banana, pomegranate, pineapple, custard apple, watermelon, betel nut.

Communication facilities Pucca road 68 km, semi-pucca road 1 km, mud road 734 km; railway 8 km; waterway 84 km.

Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart.

Noted manufactories Sugar mill, rice mill, husking mill, saw mill, electric pole manufacturing industry, distillery (industrial spirit), homeo laboratory, welding factory.

Cottage industries Goldsmith, blacksmith, potteries, weaving, bamboo and wood work.

Hats, bazars and fairs Hats and bazars are 37, fairs 5, most noted of which are Rajnagar Hat, Jagdal Hat, Jhalai Hat, Haribhasa Hat, Model Hat, Futkibari Hat, Magura-dalua Hat, Chaklarhat, Goleha Hat, Talma Hat, Mirgarh Hat, Ziabari Hat, Tunir Hat, Dewan Hat, Kazir Hat, Zila Parishad Chattar Mela, Panchagarh Sadar Mela and Amlahar Mela.

Main exports Paddy, wheat, jute, betel nut, water melon, sugar, electric pole, alcohol, bamboo and bamboo mat.

Access to electricity All the wards and unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 32.0% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

Natural resources Nuri stone and sand have been found in this upazila.

Sources of drinking water Tube-well 91.4%, tap 3.4% and others 5.2%.

Sanitation 83.7% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 7.5% of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 8.8% of households do not have latrine facilities.

Health centres Sadar hospital 1, upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic 3, family planning centre 8, diabetic hospital 1, hospital 1, clinic 10.

NGO activities Operationally important NGOs are brac, asa, Swanirvar Bangladesh, rangpur dinajpur rural service. [Md. Ahsan Habib]

References Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Panchagarh Sadar Upazila 2007.