Anowara Upazila

Anowara Upazila (chittagong district) area 164.13 sq km, located in between 22°07' and 22°16' north latitudes and in between 91°49' and 91°58' east longitudes. It is bounded by patiya upazila on the north, banshkhali upazila on the south, chandanaish upazila on the east and Chittagong bandar thana and bay of bengal on the west.

Population Total 228530; male 116642, female 111888; Muslim 192564, Hindu 33867, Buddhist 39, Christian 1649 and others 411.

Water bodies Main rivers: karnafuli and sangu.

Administration Anowara Thana was formed in 1876 and it was turned into an upazila in 1982.

Upazila
Municipality	Union	Mouza	Village	Population		Density (per sq km)	Literacy rate (%)
				Urban	Rural		Urban	Rural
-	10	85	75	4670	223860	1392	65.9	46.7

Upazila Town
Area (sq km)	Mouza	Population	Density (per sq km)	Literacy rate (%)
3.34	1	4670	1398	65.9

Union
Name of union and GO code	Area (acre)	Population		Literacy rate (%)
		Male	Female
Anowara 9	1871	4886	4682	62.18
Chatari 66	3265	9265	8680	53.96
Paraikora 85	3935	9642	9106	57.49
Battali 57	2935	10930	10124	46.93
Barakhain 28	4378	13900	13811	50.09
Barasat 38	3208	13707	12947	53.89
Burumchhara 47	5927	166638	16599	35.97
Bairag 19	4013	7514	6964	43.39
Roypur 95	5721	16983	15938	32.81
Haildhar 76	3885	13177	13042	51.48

Source Bangladesh Population Census 2001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

Archaeological heritage and relics Dargah of Mohsin Awlia, Akbari Mosque, Churut Bibi Mosque, Dhala Bibi Mosque, Monu Miah's canon (now preserved in the National Museum) and Dighi.

History of the War of Liberation In 1971 Anwara upazila was under sector 1. During the War of Liberation 56 freedom fighters and many a number of Pak army were killed or wounded in encounters at different places like KAFCO, Kaliganj, Paraikora, etc. The Pak army brutally killed 9 innocent persons at village Khilpara and they also set on fire many houses of the Upazila.

Marks of the War of Liberation Mass killing site 3 (kafco, Kaliganj, Paraikora).

Literacy rate and educational institutions Average literacy 47.2%; male 52.4%, female 41.8%. Educational institutions: college 4, technical college 1, secondary school 34. Noted educational institutions: Shahid Anowara College, Anowara Ideal High School (1899), Paraikora Nayantara High School (1918), Battali Shah Mohsen Aoulia High School (1924), Anowara Girls' High School (1941), Gujra Nittanondh High School (1943), Tailar Dwip Barkhain Airali Khan High School (1959), Marine Academy.

Newspapers and periodicals Fortnightly: Abichal.

Cultural organizations Club 15, theatre group 2, opera party 1, playground 15.

Tourist spots Parki sea beach.

Main sources of income Agriculture 41.25%, non-agricultural labourer 3.38%, commerce 15.38%, transport and communication 3.26%, service 16.46%, industry 0.46%, construction 1.42%, religious service 0.60%, rent and remittance 3.60% and others 14.19%.

Ownership of agricultural land Landowner 48.78%, landless 51.22%; agricultural landowner: urban 45.05% and rural 48.86%.

Main crops Paddy, potato, brinjal, vegetables.

Extinct or nearly extinct crops Muk pulse.

Main fruits Mango, jackfruit, guava.

Fisheries, dairies and poultries This upazila has a number of fisheries, dairies, poultries and hatchery (chicken).'

Communication facilities Pucca road 28.32 km, semi-pucca road 59 km, mud road 409.31 km.

Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport Palanquin.

Manufactories KAFCO (karnafuli fertiliser company), CUFL fertilizer factory.

Cottage industries Potteries, Nakshi Kantha making, bamboo work, cane work, wood work.

Hats, bazars and fairs Hats and bazars are 5; most noted of which are Minnat Ali Duvashi Hat, Kalu Majhi Hat.

Main exports Fertilizer, fish.

Access to electricity All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 32.31% (rural 31.74% and urban 57.43%) dwellings have access to electricity.

Sources of drinking water Tube-well 86.98%, pond 5.63%, tap 3.08% and others 4.31%.

Sanitation 43.44% (rural 42.98% and urban 63.96%) of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 46.32% (rural 46.74% and urban 27.82%) of dwelling houses use non-sanitary latrines; 14.24 of households do not have latrine facilities.

Health centres Upazila health centre 2, satellite clinic 4, family welfare centre 10.

NGO activities brac, caritas, Prochesta, World Vision. [Golam Kibria Bhuiyan]

References Bangladesh Population Census 2001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Anowara Upazila 2007.