Dhobaura Upazila

Dhobaura Upazila (mymensingh district) area 252.23 sq km, located in between 25°01' and 25°10' north latitudes and in between 90°24' and 90°37' east longitudes. It is bounded by Meghalaya state of India on the north, phulpur and purbadhala upazilas on the south, durgapur (Netrokona) upazila on the east, haluaghat upazila on the west. There are many hillocks on the north extremity of the upazila.

Population Total 196284; male 96448, female 99836; Muslim 179371, Hindu 6900, Buddhist 9907, Christian 4 and others 102. Indigenous communities such as garo and Hajang belong to this upazila.

Water bodies Main rivers: kangsa and Nitai.

Administration Dhobaura Thana was formed in 1976 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

Upazila
Municipality	Union	Mouza	Village	Population		Density (per sq km)	Literacy rate (%)
				Urban	Rural		Urban	Rural
-	7	99	164	6927	189357	778	48.8	28.6

Upazila Town
Area (sq km)	Mouza	Population	Density (per sq km)	Literacy rate (%)
5.59	2	6927	1239	48.8

Union
Name of union and GO code	Area (acre)	Population		Literacy rate (%)
		Male	Female
Gamaritala 42	8153	12844	13150	22.7
Guatala 47	7874	12471	13014	28.1
Ghoshgaon 52	6635	9264	9961	33.9
Dakshin Maijpara 31	11024	15065	16324	28.1
Dhobaura 36	9940	16861	17078	37.5
Pora Kandulia 73	8111	14295	14874	23.5
Baghber 10	10592	15648	15435	30.6

SourceBangladesh Population Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

Archaeological heritage and relics Mughal Mosque and Pathar Kata Dighi at village Darsha, Kamaksha Mandir at village Ghoshgaon, Vishnu statue of black basalt weighing 40 kg 500 gm (at present preserved in the museum) and' Dharma Shah Dighi at village Langal Jora.

Historical events Tonk Movement under Comrade Moni Singh with the slogan ‘Jan debo tobu dhan debo na’ (we shall not give paddy even at the cost of our life) was held in this upazila during 1937 to 1949.

War of Liberation On 19 July 1971 a day long encounter was held between the freedom fighters and the Pak army in which 11 persons were killed including two freedom fighters. On 3 October 1971, at mid night the Pakistan army suddenly attacked the Muktibahini camp at Guatala Bazar and killed four freedom fighters. Next day the Pakistan army conducted mass killing at Guatala Bazar and Taraikandi Ferry Ghat in which 120 persons were killed. There are mass graves at 7 places (Guatala Bazar, Taraikandi Ferry Ghat, Defulia Para, Milagara, Digalbagh, Goborchena and Zigatala) of the upazila.

For details: see ধোবাউড়া উপজেলা, বাংলাদেশ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জ্ঞানকোষ (Encyclopedia of Bangladesh War of Liberation), বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি, ঢাকা ২০২০, খণ্ড ৫।

Religious institutions Mosque 230, temple 23, church 13, sacred place 1. Noted religious institutions: Mosque at village Darsha and Kamakkha Mandir at village Ghoshgaon.

Literacy rate and educational institutions Average literacy 29.4%; male 30.4%, female 28.4%. Educational institutions: college 3, secondary school 22, primary school 81, satellite school 24.'

Newspapers and periodicals Dhobaura Barta and Ujjiban.

Cultural organisations Library 2, club 22, cinema hall 1.

Main sources of income Agriculture 77.88%, non-agricultural labourer 4.02%, industry 0.19%, commerce 7.38%, transport and communication 0.46%, service 2.26%, construction 0.35%, religious service 0.14%, rent and remittance 0.05% and others 7.27%.

Ownership of agricultural land Landowner 59.05%, landless 40.95%; agricultural landowner: urban 42.75% and rural 59.51%.

Main crops Paddy, vegetables.

Extinct or nearly extinct crops Jute, mustard, sugarcane, tobacco, sesame, aush paddy, ashina paddy.

Main fruits Mango, jackfruit, banana, papaya.

Fisheries, dairies and poultries Fishery 10, dairy 5, poultry 29.

Communication facilities Pucca road 35 km, semi-pucca road 15 km, mud road 340 km; waterway 143 km.

Extinct or nearly extinct traditional transport Palanquin, horse carriage, bullock cart, soari.

Noted manufactories Rice mill, saw mill, welding factory.

Cottage industries Blacksmith, potteries, weaving, bamboo and wood work, cocoon cultivation.

Hats, bazars and fairs Hats and bazars are 23, fairs 4, most noted of which are Dhobaura, Guatala, Kalsindur, Munshirhat, Ghoshgaon and Pora Kandulia hats; Ghoshgaon Dol Purnima Mela, Dhobaura Austamir Mela, Pora Kandulia Nayaganga Austami Snan Mela.

Access to electricity All the unions of the upazila are under rural electrification net-work. However 17.7% of the dwelling households have access to electricity.

Natural resources China-clay, sand and wood are notable; a mine of China clay has been discovered at village Vedikura of Dakshin Maijpara union.

Sources of drinking water Tube-well 94.0%, tap 0.2% and others 5.8%. The presence of arsenic has been detected in 47% shallow tube-well water of the upazila.

Sanitation 52.9% of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 34.6% of dwelling houses use non-sanitary latrines; 12.5% of households do not have latrine facilities.

Sanitation 7.72% (rural 7.52% and urban 14.79%) of dwelling households of the upazila use sanitary latrines and 59.40% (rural 59.14% and urban 68.40%) of dwelling households use non-sanitary latrines; 32.88% of households do not have latrine facilities.

Health centres Upazila health complex 1, hospital 1, family planning centre 7, upazila health centre 1, veterinary hospital 1.

NGO activities Operationally important NGOs are World Vision, caritas, brac, proshika, DPDS. [Abdul Motaleb Talukder]

References Bangladesh Population Census 2001 and 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; Cultural survey report of Dhobaura Upazila 2007.